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Computer in medical field
Computer in medical field
Computer in medical field
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INTRODUCTION
Nowadays. Information technology (IT) is a familiar term for the people and the expert. This technology is developing rapidly and introducing in all social fields as well as influencing on all sciences and being affected by the other sciences. All processes and steps of remedial –healthy cares have been depended heavily on management information and its transfer. Information technology is also used increasingly for new medical practices, effective and active management of health cares and medical profession knowledge. In medical profession is necessarily required the informed scientists and intelligent expert having enough knowledge of related matters, comprehensive knowledge of medical devices and its technology as well as information and communication technologies. Medical informatics (data processing ) science which is developing and growing rapidly includes decision making based on the information, therapy display, systematic management, information saving and its retaining, management system, model identifying and image and signal processing. Expert system is a subdivision of artificial intelligence and an expert system is the one having expertise within a special field and may be applied to that field for decision making and/or helping the expert people for decision making [1]. Expert system is a component of the process for intelligently automation of the processes regarded as artificial intelligence. Once John MC charty created Lisp language in masachoset institute of technology in 1960, it was as the initial step toward an expert system . from that date onward, a variety of expert systems have been developed and applied like CMS, XI-PLUS, ROSIE, OPS5, EMYCIN, EXPERT and so on. An expert system is comprised o...
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... beyond the studying of direct relationship and subject not found among the nodes. Maybe the most important problem in giving the network and the most important interests in processing rule were needed to be identified gradually and this need was related to both the knowledge and cognition of small zone parts and the alignment of experts sharing in this study. since the expert did not use these cases for autopsy and interpreting , their clinical reasoning, asking them to say whatever they know was completely vain. Nevertheless, discussing with some special patients with severe diseases and encouraging our colleagues in interpreting the trends and their decisions, some of them who were n’t expert in a field got information about a piece of knowledge of applied environment, that is, personal inferencial realities which an expert regards them in solving the problem[2].
It is vital that healthcare professionals are able to understand the reasons of which why a patient feels ill. Diagnosing or only being able to identify the conditions presented by a patient is merely part of the process. The understanding of an illness provides a more effective means of treatment as it enables one to practically use the information they have. Pathophysiology presents the biological processes involved in a disease, it provides explanations for the causes of diseases.
In the modern era, the use of computer technology is very important. Back in the day people only used handwriting on the pieces of paper to save all documents, either in general documents or medical records. Now this medical field is using a computer to kept all medical records or other personnel info. Patient's records may be maintained on databases, so that quick searches can be made. But, even if the computer is very important, the facility must remain always in control all the information they store in a computer. This is because to avoid individuals who do not have a right to the patient's information.
This story is that, during the mid 21 century, because of the thaw of the iceberg that was floating in the Arctic, thus human created the Artificial Intelligence to help themselves to face the terrible environment easily. David is a robot like them. But he is the only one that is written into the love. As the first robot has love, he became the experimental article to be a kid for a couple who lost their son. As the time goes by, David still can’t join this family, and the couple thinks he can’t rather than their son exactly, so they make a decision to send to the company that created him to destroy him. However, they didn’t want to finally, but David can’t stay with them anymore. David thinks they don’t like him because he is not a real boy, if he can be a real boy, he will hear stories by his mother before he goes to bed, although he never need to sleep. So he still has a dream that one day, he will be a real boy, because he wants to be with his mother. His best friend and guide, Teddy helped him to find his dream and he says he will see him become a real boy. There is only one hope, Blue Fairy can help him to achieve him dream. However, you know, he did find her, but he was freezed with his best hope, Blue Fairy...
The methods that available in the production of knowledge are limited by the ethical judgments, but the definition of whether the method is ethical or not depends on a couple different things. The first one is the personal judgments. Each person would have different judgments for the same method. However, one personal based judgment cannot be universal. The second one is the social judgment. It is related to the personal judgment. When a personal opinion for a method is agreed by most of people in the society, this opinion would become a social judgment.
A case referring to the beneficial use of the expert systems in the health sector was the attempt of the LDS Hospital in Salt Lake city,Utah to build “ the most complex artificial intelligence system ever created'; according to the words of DR David Classen.Its name was AIC or “Antibiotic Computer Consultant'; and it was part of HELP(Health Evaluation through Logical Processing), which was LDS’s hospital information system. The latter was existed, before the implementation of the Expert System.
In the article “Medical Technology and Ethical Issues”. The authors describe that how computerize system uses in emergency rooms. The RIP is a computer program which is helping the doctors make knowledgeable decision about whether to manage life treatments or just patients to die. Program investigate all of the input on specific patient and makes prognosis on the probability
Hospital Information System (HIS) and Radiology Information System
Due to the development of ICT, adaptive learning, which takes into account individual learners’ needs, is changing. Learners’ learning styles are one of the most significant characteristics. They can be categorized according to a number of criteria which are based on cognitive and emotional components of personality. Their combination leads to the countless individual variants of real learning methods which – to a certain degree – can be influenced by the current e-learning resources. When the e-learning resources can react to the learners’ input characteristics or their learning results, they become adaptive e-learning systems (AES) or intelligent AES.
This Chapter presented a description of Knowledge Acquisition and Knowledge Representation in Expert Systems. This chapter will explain the knowledge Acquisition and Representation methods, production rules and frames. The section below explains the concept of Production rule, their training and learning. Also this chapter discusses methods of Knowledge Acquisition and Knowledge Representation.
Informatics is known as putting data into information (Hebda & Czar, 2013). This is significant to nursing and health care because healthcare workers use informatics everyday. Through the use of technology, data is taken and transcribed into information in healthcare. I will use software to input a client’s information; I can use it to communicate with other healthcare workers and share needed information. Informatics develops my career as a nurse and helps me advance the maximum effort I can put in as a healthcare worker. Whether its using an electronic blood pressure machine or reading x-rays from a computer, informatics plays a significant role in healthcare. Throughout this paper, informatics will be discussed on how it influences nursing, changes the future of health care, and how I will play a role informatics in the future.
There are expert systems that can solve complex problems that humans train their whole lives for. In 1997, IBM's Deep Blue defeated the world champion in a game of chess (Karlgaard, p43). Expert systems design buildings, configure airplanes, and diagnose breathing problems. NASA's Deep Space One probe left with software that lets the probe diagnose problems and fix itself (Lyons).
The inboekeling system in the Transvaal area was made possible by the practices of the African allies, the AmaSwazi, and the African societies; The Zulu, Xhosa and Pedi. They will all be looked at along with the structure of the Boer society to show how their practices and customs and the political alliances all helped establish an inboekeling system in the Transvaal area. In this essay, the African ally of the Boers, the AmaSwazi will be shown to help the inboekeling system by trading their captives to the Boers in being able to gain resources from the Boers. The African societies of the Pedi, Xhosa and Zulu will be looked at to show that the practices in those societies had the template for what the Boers set up in the Transvaal, the inboekeling system. This essay aims to prove that the Boers, their African ally and the long established practices in the African societies all helped the establishment of the inboekeling system in the Transvaal. This therefore will show that the statement, “The inboekeling system in the Transvaal was made possible by long established practices in African societies and the assistance of African allies”, is an accurate assessment.
Prepare yourself for the future with Artificial Intelligence. When we hear the word Artificial Intelligence (AI), we are used to thinking of “human-like” or “general” intelligence. The centuries-long hunt to develop machines and software with human-like intelligence, inches closer to reality. Scientists develop intelligent machines that can simulate reasoning, develop knowledge and allow computers to set and achieve goals, moving closer to mimicking the human thought process. These intelligent systems improve the accuracy of predictions, accelerate problem-solving and automate administrative tasks, bringing an era of automation.
It can standardize processes and aggregate data in a way that allows it to be used for preventative medicine. The potential for this technology within the healthcare industry is immeasurable. As AI and cognitive computing mature further over the next few years, they will become key competitive differentiators for healthcare institutions. It is likely that without implementation of one or more AI-based systems, that our hospital will no longer be a facility of choice in the area. Lowering costs and improving the delivery of effective care we provide to our patients is paramount.
Advantages and disadvantages are an equal part of Expert Systems and ROI analyses; however, each is based on circumstances based on each unique case. One main shortcoming of the ROI analysis is the strong base on statistical analysis which may fail to recognize certain areas of opportunity not explored. Previously stated, the Expert System was used to interact directly with a broad range of students and exceeded its original purpose by providing more marketing exposure and increasing the likelihood of improving the student population for a University. By involving the use of cloud computing, the limited exposure to members of the organization and, if they fail to see the potential of cloud computing,