Essay About Crime Prevention

LITERATURE REVIEW In the Philippines, crime rate was undeniable increasing. Thus, the result of this problem leads our government and law enforcement agencies more aware of how to suppress criminal activities in the society. Law enforcement agencies have the greater task to prevent this illegal action that the person or individual has committed itself. Crime prevention is the most effective strategy to lessen or reduce the crime rates occur in the Philippines.

What is Crime Prevention? Crime Prevention refers to the strategies that implemented by individuals and all government and non-government agencies (AIC 2003; ECOSOC 2002; IPC 2008; Van Dijk & de Waard, 1991). This strategy is trying to do some preventive measure to control and reduce

First is the environmental crime prevention that finds to replace the particular attitudes of the communities that may result in criminal actions (Crawford, 1998). They study on what specific reasons why people commit crime. However, they consider the environment as the most influential factors of committing a crime, so they are focusing on how to reduce crime by targeting the possible causes of crimes or possible opportunities that criminals can get into. Second, situational crime prevention, perhaps it is based upon the evidence that crime is often resourceful and aims to modify on related factor to limit the opportunities for offender to engage criminal behavior (Tonry and Farrington, 1995; Cornish & Clarke, 2003). This study specified the actions or measures that prioritize the importance of focusing the very specific opportunities of crime in a certain circumstances. Furthermore, they tend to lessen the said opportunities for committing a crime through this crime prevention. Third is social crime prevention, which focuses on physical environment (Rosenbaum, D. P., Lurigio, A.J. & Davis, R. C., 1998). They may include action to improve housing, health and educational achievement, as well as improve community cohesion through community developmental measure. And also, they give more attention on how crime is

These policing strategies may include: standard or traditional policing, community policing, hot spots policing, and problem-oriented policing. In traditional or standard policing, this strategy is generally based on the assumption for crime reduction, regardless of the level of crime, the nature of crime, and other variations (Weisburd, D., & Eck, J., 2004). Most studies want to recommend that such standard practices as random preventive patrol or fast response to police calls for service had little impact on crime or on fear of crime in American communities (e.g., see Kelling et al. 1974; Spelman and Brown 1981). Perhaps, these studies generalize or focused the level of police service for the means of the effective policing in reducing crime and disorder (Goldstein, 1979). The central elements of this traditional policing are “Enforcing Law”. They may be using methods in enforcing policies without changing any strategies to conduct patrol or quick response when there is a call for public or private assistance. However, there are some law enforcers who conduct their own strategy, but most of their studies are similar when they perform it. In community policing, it has a greater involvement of the crime problem and police activities in preventing and controlling crimes, their studies emphasize on how to