Determining the Approximate Equivalent Circuit of a Single-Phase Transformer
AIM
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To determine the approximate equivalent circuit of a single-phase
transformer.
OBJECTIVE
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To write up a lab report that will determine the equivalent circuit of
a single-phase transformer, using open load test, short circuit test
and the load test.
EQUIPMENT
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· TecQuipment electrical machines teaching unit NE8010 or NE8013
· B-phase transformer (EMTU-TT01)
· Feedback electronic wattmeter
· Multi-range moving-iron ammeter
· Instrument voltage transformer
THEORY AND INTRODUCTION
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Transformers are used all over the world to step-up and step-down
electricity. The transformer is one of the most commonly used
electrical devices. The reason the transformer is so popular is
because they range in size from 240V to well over 240kV, stepping -up
and stepping-down electricity all over the world. Another reason they
are so popular is because they are very efficient items that are very
reliable and require little maintenance. Everytime we turn on an
electrical item in our house, the electric used to run the device has
been through at least one step-up transformer and one step-down
transformer. When electricity is generated at a power station it is
then stepped up to 400kV because there is less power loss in the power
lines at such high voltages therefore making the power generated more
efficient. The power is then stepped-down for the consumer use.
Transformers operate by mutual induction, with energy being
transferred between two (or more) separate windings via a coupling
magnetic field. Their performance can be modelled, predicted and
analyzed using equivalent circuits, and this experiment examines one
of these circuits.
MEASUREMENTS
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Short-circuit test:
Primary voltage (Vsc) = 26V
Primary current (I1) = 3.1A
Input power (Psc) = 32.5W
R1 = Input Power / (Primary Current)2 = 32.5 / (3.1)2 = 3.38W
[IMAGE][IMAGE]X1= (Vsc )2 - R12 = 7.68W
[IMAGE] √ ( I )2
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