Components of Consumer spending Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the final value of all goods and services produced domestically in a year, minus any trade deficit. It can also be interpreted as the sum of the total spending of its component parts. There are several components of GDP, and those include Consumer Spending (C), commercial and residential Investment Spending, Government Spending, and Net Exports (value of all exports minus the value of all imports). The largest component of GDP is Consumer Spending, totaling about 6.255 trillion dollars in 1999, or sixty seven percent (67%) of GDP. Like GDP, Consumer Spending (here after C) is also determined by several component parts. C is the sum of consumer spending on Durable Goods (DG: goods that can be stores and have an average service life of three years), Non-Durable Goods (NDG: storable goods with service life of less than three years.), and Services Spending (S: commodities that cannot be stored and must be consumed at the time of purchase). This paper will deal exclusively with the C component of GDP, and more specifically with the components of C and their changes from 1959 until 1999. I choose to use Nominal GDP for my analysis because the actual dollar values are less important than the changes in the proportions of the components relative to GDP. All of the data used in this paper came from, or was derived from the Economic Report of the President (February 2000), Appendix B, prepared by the Counsel of Economic Advisors (available online at *http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2001/erp.html#erp4*). In the period from 1959 until 1999, Consumption (C) increased from approximately 63% of GDP to about 68%, with an overall increase of about 7.88%. However, the proportions of the components of C, namely Durable goods spending (DG), Non-Durable goods spending (NDG), and Services spending (S), do not seem to move in a corresponding way. Of the three components, NDG suffered a dramatic loss as a share of GDP (-31.98%), DG remained nearly the same (-2.6%), and S increased by nearly 58%. I will treat each of these components separately in a discussion of some of the underlying reasons for their relative changes. Of the three components of Consumer spending, Durable goods spending has changed the least. In 1959 about 8.42% of GDP was spent on DG, while in 1999 DG comprise... ... middle of paper ... ...cted by technology in the sense that in other industries, technology makes it ultimately less expensive to produce, whereas in medicine, technology makes treatment more effective, but also more expensive. All of these facts are compounded because the demand for medical care is both high and inelastic. Medicine isn’t the only market that has seen substantial price increases. The CPI for entertainment (movies, concerts, sporting events) in 1997 was 162.5 (1982-83 = 100). It is not surprising that Americans would be spending more money on the least tangible of purchases when one considers that real income has increased from $9,068 in 1959 to $23,310 in 1999 (Chained 1996 dollars). This real increase in income has had a direct effect on Consumer consumption relative to GDP. Since Americans are making more money than ever before (in aggregate), it makes sense that they will spend more money. Judging by the past, incomes will continue to rise which leads consumers to spend more now and save less, which in the short run increases output and therefore income, but in the medium to long run will cause slower accumulation of capital and therefore slower growth of output and income.
Bipolar Disorder (Formerly known as Manic Depression) is a mental illness linked to alterations in moods such as mood swings, mania, and depression. There is more than one type, Bipolar I and Bipolar II, and the subcategories are divided by the severity of the symptoms seen, such as cyclothymic disorder, seasonal mood changes, rapid cycling disorder and psychosis. Age of onset usually occurs between 15-30 years old with an average onset of 25 years old but it can affect all ages. (Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts General Hospital , 2013) Bipolar disorder affects more than two million people in the United States every year. (Gardner, 2011)
In section 190, Hegel begins with the lord existing in so much to be dependent through another consciousness. Hegel writes, “is a consciousness [lord] existing for itself which is mediated with itself through another consciousness, i.e through a consciousness [bondsman] whose nature it is to be bound up” (Hegel 115). In this passage, Hegel shows why the lord is dependent on the bondsman. The lord exist only “for itself” through his need and mediation through the bondsman. With the bondsman being bounded as an object of desire to the lord, the bondsman has to submit to his lord due to the physical and monetary power he yields.
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong mood disorder characterized by periods of mania, depression, or a mixed manic-depressive state. The condition can seriously affect a person’s reasoning, understanding, awareness, and behavior. Acco...
We can break this sentence down into two separate parts. The first part says that “Self-consciousness exists in itself and for itself, in that, and by the fact that it exists for another self-consciousness” (43). This seems to end in a paradox, the self-consciousness both exists for itself and for another self-consciousness. When Hegel says that “self-consciousness exists in itself and for itself” (43) we can understand him as saying, not that there is a paradox that we must resolve, but a duality that we have to accept. His proposition of a duality is that the self-consciousness is existing for two things at one time “by the fact that it exists for another self-consciousness” (43). This duality between existing for both itself and an other is one of the most clearly defined things in the chapter and will come to make sense as a dependent relationship in which the individual’s self-consciousness must exist for another to exist for itself. The second part of the sentence says “it is only by being acknowledged or ‘recognized’” (43). This part can be interpreted as saying that the self-consciousness is, exists, when it is recognized or when the self recognizes itself as a self-consciousness. The entire sentence can, then, be understood as saying that, while the self-consciousness exists itself and for itself this is in virtue of it existing for another and, it can only exist for itself when it is recognized. To fully understand the significance of this sentence, it is not only necessary to understand it on its own but, it is also required to be understood in the scope of the rest of the chapter. The next several paragraphs will look to do that. The chapter can be divided into roughly three parts: paragraphs 2-8 make up the first part, paragraphs 9-12 make up part two, and the last part contains paragraphs
Over 80 percent of the goods and services purchased by U.S. consumers each year are made in the United States; the rest are imported from other nations. In addition to spending by private households and businesses, government agencies at all levels (federal, state, and local) spend roughly an additional $1.5 trillion a year. In total, the annual value of all goods and services produced in the United States, known as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), was $9.25 trillion in 1999.
Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks, which can impair the individual's ability to function in ordinary life. Symptoms of bipolar disorder are severe. They are different from the normal ups and downs that everyone goes through from time to time (Bressert, 2006). Bipolar disorder symptoms can result in damaged relationships, poor job or school performance, and even suicide. But bipolar disorder can be treated, and people with this illness can lead full and productive lives. Treatment commonly includes mood stabilizing medication and psychotherapy (Smith & Segal, 20...
Bipolar disorder, which is also called manic-depression, is a term used to define forms of irregular and intense mood swings that can make someone be depressed one day and a complete maniac the next. Unlike other medical conditions, bipolar disorder does not only affect one’s life, but it can also have an impact on other individuals. The extreme mood swings can have a major consequence on someone’s social life and cause one to fail in his or her career or education. Even though bipolar is not the immense discussion in medical disorders; it is still a dangerous condition that affects a multitude of individuals in the world. Many suffer severe symptoms and dangers but they can still live a satisfying life with treatments and therapy.
Bipolar disorder, also called manic depression disorder/illness can be defined in many ways. One definition is a mood disorder in which a person swings back and forth between wild euphoria and frenetic bursts of energy (the manic phase) to such deep, dark, and overwhelming depression that a person may contemplate or attempt suicide. (Hirshkowitz & Smith, 2004, p. 107) This illness/disorder seems to affect both men and women in about equal numbers and can get increasingly worse if left undiagnosed or even untreated.
Language is recognized by Hegel as a universal medium because it is in it that the spirit exists in the form of itself and for others. It is through language that the spirit is able to express itself as conscious and universal. Therefore, for Hegel, language denotes the self-consciousness being there for others. By the phrase that ‘language denotes the self-existing universally,' it is meant that individual utterances are twofold. It is twofold in that individual utterance is both an object for the individual and also for others to whom it is uttered.
Bipolar disorder or manic-depressive illness is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal mood shifts, as well as fluctuations in energy, activity levels and the ability to complete everyday tasks. Bipolar is a serious mental illness that can damage relationships, career prospects, academic performance, and can even lead to suicidal tendencies. A patient with bipolar disorder has severe fluctuations in mood (poles) - from depression to mania. Usually, moods are normal in between the peaks and troughs (Nordqvis, 2012). Everyone experiences ups and downs in lif...
depression, and mixed episodes. Each type of bipolar disorder mood episode has a unique set of
Bipolar disorder is the condition in which one’s mood switches from periods of extreme highs known as manias to periods of extreme lows known as depression. The name bipolar comes from the root words bi (meaning two) and polar (meaning opposite) (Peacock, 2000). Though often bipolar disorder is developed in a person’s late teens to early adulthood; bipolar disorder’s early symptoms can sometimes be found in young children or may develop later on in life (National Institutes of, 2008). Bipolar disorder has been found to affect both men and women equally. Currently the exact cause of bipolar disorder is not yet known, however it has been found to occur most often in the relatives of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder (National Center for, 2010).
Hegel describes a way by which one may come to know absolute truth. This process shows a transition from a state of "natural consciousness" (56) to one of complete self-consciousness - which leads to an understanding of the "nature of absolute knowledge itself" (66). By understanding the relation between consciousness and truth, one may come to know the true nature of our existence. Thus, Hegel answers these questions in one bold stroke; he relates them in such a way as to make an infinitely complex and indiscernible universe a unitary whole. This whole is not only total self-consciousness, but also total awareness of absolute reality.
People with bipolar experience extreme contrasting mood swings, hypomania or mania, where they are extremely happy at one time then at another time they are extremely depressed. It can be difficult for those who aren’t treated to live a normal life. Scientists are still unsure what the cause of bipolar is but there are links to traumatic life events causing the disorder, also, things like environment, brain chemicals, genetics, other medical illnesses and pregnancy have an input in the development of the disorder. There are three types of bipolar; Bipolar 1, which is the more serious branch of the disorder, where the sufferers have experienced at least one episode of mania and major depression. Bipolar 2 is described as less serious and those affected with the disorder experience hypomania and depression. Lastly,
experience extreme cases of up and Dow emotion. Studies say manic depression is one of