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Page 1: After the end of World War I, a worldwide economic depression hit during the 1930’s. Leaders began to win over the public by promising better lives and great economic futures. When they won power, they became dictators and controlled their nations by force. Some of these powerful men were Benito Mussolini, Hideki Tojo, and Adolf Hitler. Benito Mussolini won power by appealing to the Italians who had gotten very little from the Versailles treaty. The treaty ended World War I but many Europeans hated it. Mussolini created a government run by militarism and racism, it was called fascism. It grew very popular, very quickly. By 1922, Mussolini and his Fascist army forced the Italy’s king to put him head of government. Mussolini soon banned …show more content…
all other political parties. Page 2: The Great Depression had a huge impact on Germany. Many businesses failed and millions of people became unemployed. Hitler won power by appealing to the people who had economic fears and a hatred for the Versailles treaty. Hitler’s anti-Semitism, which was the hatred of Jews, caused him to blame all of Germany’s problems on the Jewish people. He was the leader of the National Socialist Party, also known as the Natzi Party. Hitler and the Natzwas believed that the German race was better than all other races. In 1933, Hitler banned democracy and created totalitarian states. this was when leaders would crush all opposition and try to control all of society. In 1936, Hitler believed that Germany had the right to expand and because of this, he form the Rome-Berlin Axis treaty with fascist Italy to get support. Hitler was responsible for the Holocaust. The holocaust was a genocide attempt on the jewish people. Hitler had concentration camps that forced Jews to work hard labor, be tortured, and eventually be killed. One of the most popular concentration camp was Auschwitz. Hitler and his camps also created a plan called “Final Solution.” This was a plan to exterminate all Jewish people. Also in 1936, Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact. this was a pact against communism and Russia. To keep the United States out of wars, Congress passed the Neutrality Acts in 1935 and 1937. The Neutrality Acts banned weapons sales and loans to nations that were at war. They did this because many countries hadn’t paid back loans from World War I and they wanted to prevent more debts. That same year, July 7, 1937, Japan invaded China. Page 3: In March 1938, Hitler sent troops into Austria because he wanted them to be unified with Germany. That same year, Hitler took Czechoslovakia by falsely claiming that they were “mistreated.” In September 1938, European leaders met in Munich, Germany. This was was called the Munich Conference. It was an appeasement British and French leaders agreed to give the Sudetenland to Germany. In March 1939, Hitler took the rest of western Czechoslovakia and then prepared for his attack on Poland. On Nov 9, 1938 to Nov 10, 1938, the Kristallnacht happened. This was when almost 200 synagogues were destroyed, and many Jewish shops were sacked and looted, and thousands of Jews were moved to concentration camps. On September 1, 1939, Hitler sent his armies into Poland. The attack was swift and fierce. German planes bombed and shot targets. Thousands of soldiers were killed. Two days after the invasion, Great Britain and France declared war on Germany, starting World War II. Page 4: In April 1940, Hitler attacked Denmark and Norway. He then turned west to invade the Netherlands and Belgium. The Netherlands and Belgium went to Great Britain and France, the Allied Powers, for help. The chief Allied powers were Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union the United States, and China. In June 1940, Germany and Italy and later Japan formed the Axis Powers. Germany began to use quick strikes called blitzkrieg. This was also called “lightning war.” They did this to take over much of western Europe including the Netherlands, Belgium, and northern France. In May 1940, Winston Churchill became the leader of the British government. That same year in June, Italy enters the war as a member of the Axis powers. The Lend-Lease Act of 1940 was about providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II. It was passed in March 1941. Also In 1940, Germany launched an air attack on Great Britain that was called the Battle of Britain. This attack last until the end of October. At the end of 1940, Germany, Italy, and Japan sign the Tripartite Pact that created the Axis Powers. Germany and the Axis Powers attacked Russia with a huge force of over four million troops in the beginning of 1941. Page 5: On December 1941, the United States entered World War II.
Army Chief of Staff Marshall appointed Eisenhower for the War Plans Division in Washington. On December 7, 1941, The Japanese attack the US Navy in Pearl Harbor in the Pacific.. The next day the US entered World War II on the side of the Allies. Over 2,300 Americans were killed. The US Navy defeats the Japanese navy at the Battle of Midway on June 4, 1942. A month later, the Allies invade and take the island of Sicily. On September 3, Italy surrenders to the Allies, however Germany helps Mussolini to escape and set up a government in Northern Italy. On June 6, 1944, D-day and the Normandy invasion. Allied forces invade France and push back the Germans. A few months later, Paris was was liberated from German control. On December 16, the Germans launch a large attack in the Battle of the Bulge. The senior officer in the battle of the bulge was George S. Patton. They lose to the Allies sealing the fate of the German …show more content…
army. On April 9, 1942, The Bataan Death March took place in the Philippines.
this was the forcible transfer by the Imperial Japanese Army of 60,000–80,000 Filipino and American prisoners were loaded into trains. The Battle of Coral Sea was on May 8, 1942. this was was a major naval battle between the Japanese Navy and the United States and Australia air forces and navy. On 1942 to February 2, 1943, The Battle Stalingrad was a battle where in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for the city of Stalingrad in Russia. The major for most of these battles was Chester Nimitz. He was in charge of the U.S. naval forces and Commander in Chief, for Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War II. The U.S also had internment camps. On February 19, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized the use of these camps and removed Japanese residents from their homes. Some Niseis were also put in the camps. Neseis were people born in North America but their parents were immigrants from Japan. Also in 1942, was the Manhattan Project. This was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear
weapons. Page 6: On February 19, 1945, US Marines invaded the island of Iwo Jima. After, they captured the island. US President Franklin Roosevelt died on April 12. He was succeeded by President Harry Truman. A month later, the US Third Army under General Patton crosses the Rhine River. The Battle of Leyte-Gulf was fought on Oct 23, 1944 to Oct 26, 1944. A popular war method during the Battle of Leyte-Gulf was Kamikaze. Kamikazes were Japanese suicide bombers Adolf Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945 once he knew Germany lost the war. Germany surrendered to the Allies. Another method was using Navajo Code Talkers. These were people who could speak in a secret code. On August 6, 1945, the United States drops the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. The bomb was named Enola Gay. The city was devastated. Three days later, another atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. Japan surrendered to US General Douglass MacArthur and the Allies on September 2, 1945. The day Japan surrendered is now called V-J day. On January 20, 1953, Dwight D. Eisenhower became President of the United States.
Benito Mussolini wanted to try and delay a major war in Europe until at least 1942, but Germany invaded Poland in 1939. This means declarations of war by France and the UK and the start of WWII. Mussolini created the Fascist Party in Italy in 1919. He eventually made himself dictator after World War
With World War II lasting six years, there were many battles that had taken place. Three major events that are famous from this war are D-day, Pearl Harbor and Battle of Iwo Jima. D-day, which is where Saving Private Ryan begins, is known as the largest amphibious attack in history. Before the attack could take place though there was a lot of planning done. In months before the attack, General Dwight Eisenhower led allies in an operation to make Germany believe that their main target of invasion was Pas-de-Calais, along with a few other locations. The operation that led Germany to believe this was carried out by fake equipment, a phantom army located in England, counterfeit radio transmissions, and double agents. Once Eisenhower knew Germany was mislead, he led the troops into battle. This attack began with British, American, and Canadian forces landing on five different beaches all along the coast of Normandy on June 6, 1944. By the end of the first day approximately 156,000 al...
This, 'everything should be rendered unto Caesar.' " In Europe of the pre-war period, the rise of totalitarian primarily refers to the three states of Germany, Russia and Italy, with their three charismatic, almost deistic figures, Adolf Hitler, Josef Stalin and Benito Mussolini although General Franco's Spain may be considered a totalitarian, Fascist regime as... ... middle of paper ... ... e. The Great Depression caused by the Wall Street Crash of 1929 affected the whole globe, particularly Germany ass it could no longer depend on the loans from the United States to rebuild itself. This led to the abandonment of international co-operation and the focusing on national interests.
Benito Mussolini (“II Duce”) was the leader of a fascist Italy, coming into power during 1923 and up till his defeat in the Italian parliament during 1943. In May of 1940, Italy sided with Germany, as Mussolini’s interest were similar to those Hitler had. Later, he was deposed after losing the vote from the Grand Council of Fascism and was to be arrested by the king and partisans in July of 1943 and imprisoned. Soon after he was rescued by an SS raid (“Gran Sasso Raid”) and restored by Hitler. However, in 1945 he was again captured by partisans, when Mussolini realized that defeat was looming and was attempting to flee north. Captured again Mussolini was quickly executed near Lake Como by the Italian partisans. From 1940 to 1945 Mussolini’s actions both globally and locally, had significant and damaging impact on the war efforts of both Nazi Germany and Italy, contributing to the Allied victory in May 1945. [2] [3]
The Japanese internment camps started in February, around two months after the Pearl Harbor bombing, which was also the reason America decided to enter the war. People’s suspicions of Japanese led the government, passing an order to uproot 120,000 people from their homes, lives, families, everything they knew. WWII brought lots of change, although their families were being contained, many young Japanese joined the U.S. army in the fight against Germany and Japan. It’s important for people to learn and remember who the really is against. “Sure enough, 40 days later January 20, 1942, came a letter that said, greeting from the President of the United States you are now in the army, and that was my draft notice.”( Interview with Norman Saburo
The attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941 by the Japanese signaled the start of Japanese military control throughout the Pacific and the start of World War II. June of 1942 the Japanese Navy is defeated at the Battle of Midway and it is considered by most to be the turning point of the war. The American military began a campaign of island hoping to take control of strategic islands in the south pacific. Even with the islands they had already controlled Americans knew if they wanted to win they would have to capture the entire island of Iwo Jima, including its three airfields, to provide an area for damaged bombers and other aircrafts. Iwo Jima is needed to save the lives of the Americans flying the B-29 bombers to help prevent losing more Americans in the dangerous Pacific Ocean. The decision was quickly made to attack and take the island of Iwo Jima, code named operation detachment. June 1944, Lieutenant General Tadamichi Kuribayashi was chosen as command of Iwo Jima (National Geographics). Kuribayashi had lived and trained in the United States so knew the only way to have a chance against the American’s superior fire power was to fight the battle from underground where they would be protected (Hickman). Iwo Jima was an important island for the Japanese because it provided an area of attack and functioned as a buffer zone for Americans attempting to bomb their homeland. Initial bombing raids against Iwo Jima began in June 1944 (Navy Department Library). The B-29’s and naval ships’ bombing destroyed ...
Benito Mussolini, the Fascist dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1943. He centralized all power in himself as the leader of the Fascist party and attempted to create an Italian empire, ultimately in alliance with Germany. The defeat of Italian arms in World War 2 brought an end to his imperial dream and led to his downfall.
Fascism is defined as, “an authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.” Peter Hyland reports that throughout the 1920s and the 1930s, an economic depression was growing and becoming widespread throughout the world. People were losing faith in their democracies and in capitalism. Leaders who gained power supported powerful militarism, nationalism, and initiated the return of an authoritarian rule. J.R. Oppenheimer says that the rise of fascism and totalitarianism in Europe and Russia instigated a “critical step on the path to war.” In 1922, Benito Mussolini held leadership in Italy, promising a proficient and militaristic nationalistic state. During his control as prime minister, he gained a large group of followers, banned the disparagement of government, and used extreme violence against his enemies within the parliament.
Hitler was able to rise to power because of desperation and a desire for change among the German people. The Great Depression began in the United States in
After World War I, there were two men that rose up to control their government in their countries. One was Adolf Hitler who was put in charge of the German government, and the other was Benito Mussolini who was put in charge of the Italian government. Adolf Hitler was born in 1889, and according to the lecture was known as a failure for not finishing high school, or becoming an accomplished artist. Mussolini was born in 1883, and was unknown until he came home a wounded soldier from the war. Mussolini would rise up and form the Fascist government focusing on being loyal to the state, and Hitler would rise up and control the Socialist German Workers Party, the Nazis.
As the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 the United States officially entered World War Two. The Japanese government later learned later that this single event sets off an explosion that subsequently caused the United States to attack the Midway Islands in the Pacific Ocean. Pearl Harbor was one of the United States largest naval bases and the largest in the Pacific Ocean. This attack ceased all trade with Japan and officially added Japan as one of the US enemies. With a new world war started it created new concerns for the army. “World War II introduced a whole new set of problems in naval tactics” (Smith, 1). The main change driving these changes was the fact that aircraft carriers became more prevalent and common in every major countries naval force. Japan was able to pull off the Pearl Harbor attack as a result of aircraft carriers to launch their airplanes. As a result of the battles leading up to the Battle of Midway and conflicts with Japan this created a lot larger of an impact on WWII as a whole and to boost unity in America leading to a more prosperous period of history following the war.
Fascism is the philosophy that exercises a dictatorship through the use of violence. There are two main areas fascism deals with. An elitist approach that makes the peoples' will on a select group with a supreme leader who governs all. The other approach is the populist approach in which the government wishes to have all its people act out against the government's oppressors. (Baradat) Fascism came from the word fasces, a bundle of sticks that were bound to an ax, which was supposed to represent "civic unity and the authority of the Roman officials to punish wrongdoers," (www.funkandwagnall.com)
The start of the age of concern and political dictatorships grew as many people searched for stability and an answer to the economic hardships of the Great Depression. The ending result was a combination of the rebirth of authoritarian rule joined by cruel and forceful tyranny which reached its highest peak in Germany and the Soviet Union. Hitler was the leader of the Nazis of Germany, Joseph Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union, and Mussolini was the leader of Italy. Hitler’s hostility towards Poland caused World War II. The fears of the 1920s- 1930 was a disturbing part in history. The beginning of totalitarian states grew with the Great Depression, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Benito Mussolini, and Francisco Franco of Spain.
Adolf Hitler, a charismatic, Austrian-born demagogue, rose to power in Germany during the 1920s and early 1930s at a time of social, political, and economic upheaval. Failing to take power by force in 1923, he eventually won power by democratic means. Once in power, he eliminated all opposition and launched an ambitious program of world domination and elimination of the Jews, paralleling ideas he advanced in his book..
World War 2 was mostly fought in Europe during 1939 to 1945. Some of World War 2 was fought in the pacific. In 1931, Japanese expansion in East Asia, with the invasion of Manchuria and went through 1937 with an attack on China. On September 27, 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, making them into the Axis powers. “As the sun rose on Sunday morning, December 7, 1941”(Holt 403), Japan attacked the United States Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, and 3,500 Americans were killed or wounded in the attack. Japan attacked Hawaii ,because in September of 1940, the U.S. placed an embargo on Japan by prohibiting exports of steel, scrap iron, and aviation fuel to Japan, due to Japan's takeover of northern French Indochina. Since this happened the United States declared war with Japan. The United States Air Force dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Tens of thousands of people died in the explosion, and later, many more people died from radiation exposure.