A review of attentional capture: The impact of the infrequently appearing sudden onset with different conditions
Abstract
1. Start with one sentence summary, provide aim for the study &reason
2. Describe participants and setting: who, when, where, how many, what groups?
3. Describe the major findings, may include a mention of the statistics used & significance levels, or one sentence summing up outcome.
4. Final sentences outline the studies “contribution to knowledge” with literature. What does it all mean? Mention the implication of your findings.
This research report is expected to show the differences in cognitive load through the series of conditions based on attentional capture. The participation is hold by the three hundreds psychology
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In a result, distinguishing between the different conditions of the experiments is widely considered the change of the target appearance to demonstrate the attentional capture. Therefore, this research report will assess the hypothesis which regarding the impact of infrequency sudden-onset in several conditions by different location of the target can provide a significant different results as well as the significance of different cognitive load by comparing with the high load and low load conditions. In addition, the current research will give a new understanding to explain that how the infrequency sudden-onset affects the attentional capture through the different location of the target appearing in …show more content…
4: describe key implications and applications of research(limitation) of strengths of your study, more research needed to be used in the further study…
The research need to be improved in the further research about…
When the participants are doing the research, some of the students wore the earphone that tried to concentrate on the study, but most of them did not, these might be a difference due to the baseline and the sudden-onset. When the student did wrong, the sound will occur from the computer, the speed of the student to respond the participation are so different, so the sound happened alternative and unpredicted. They will influence of other participants while they are doing the participation
The height of the students is different, and when they are running the participation, the researcher does not know if they are focusing on or not, the angle of the student’s eyes which looking at the screen is different. They should be provided a stand which can fix the problem, the student can put their lower jaw on the chin strap.
The distance for the students to look at the screen is varied.
There might be some in-attentional blindness
Gender difference?(females and males’ attention focus one different things? Which one is
Identify the hypothesis (testable question) that the study was trying to answer and describe the methods of research used in each study.
William James, an American psychologist, proposed the first theory of what we now call “selective attention”. Selective attention is the assumption that in order to focus on one activity going on in your environment, you must hinder all other tasks occurring in the background. A good illustration of this would be to block out the music playing for the sake of progress on school work. This is referred to as the spotlight theory. In premise, your visual attention works like a spotlight. There is a focal point, or place or concentration. Beyond the focal point is considered to be fringe; seen by the viewer, but not observed clearly. Outside of the focal point and fringe is surplus and not viewed at all (Cherry, 2014).
In 1995, a Boston police officer responded to a 911 call regarding a shooting. Spotting a potential suspect he gave chase. During the pursuit the officer ran by an assault in progress without stopping to assist the victim. Later, he would claim that he never saw the assault because he was focused on chasing his suspect (Chabris, Weinberger, Fontaine & Simmons, 2011). This is an example of inattentional blindness or the failure to perceive objects or events when attention is focused elsewhere (Mack & Rock, 1998). Parents distracted by children, teenagers talking on cellphones and even professionals trained to be observant of their environment can fall prey to this phenomenon. Though people are not susceptible to inattentional blindness to the same degree, it is feasible that some may be less susceptible due to difficulties staying focused on a task at hand. This paper will examine the possibility that elderly people are less susceptible to inattentional blindness due to a decrease in attention skills.
Such recent theories related to vigilance decrement suggest that the reasoning behind the vigilance decrement is related to the decrease of “processing resources”. The participants in this experiment was required continuous monitor of the radar screen for a long period. In this time the continuous groups had to either make “targets or neutral stimuli discrimination” with any form of rest or any form of other activity. Considering these things in mind it is suggested that the resource section probably w...
allows the researchers to formulate their research question based on a gap in knowledge. The
The effects of perceptual load on the occurrence of inattentional blindness were demonstrated clearly by experiment. In an experiment conducted by Finch and Lavie in 2007, participants were given identical series of central cross-targets with two arms of clearly different color (blue and green) and slightly different length. Participants were split in two groups, one performing an easy task (low load condition) and the other a harder task (high load condition). The group performing the easiest task only had to make color discrimination between the tw...
Many people, however, believe that the available evidence does not support the notion of an inhibitory component of the selective attention . It means that the slowdown, a characteristic of the negative priming, is observed not because of the fact that the target was previously ignored . Negative priming phenomenon reflects interaction between automatic memory processes and controlled selection processes. The presentation of the item which was a distractor before allows that item to be faster selected by the controlled selection process.
mentioned studies have limitations which cannot be ignored during the evaluation. These limitations are very critical and they can even cause misleading results.
In his 2002 review, Ronald A. Rensink, divides the study of change detection into three phases (Rensink, 2002). The first phase, from mid-1950s to mid-1960s, investigates change detection when change occurs in a saccade. Whilst change detection was considered an easy task at the time, the studies showed poor results proving that detection is not a simple task after all. In the second phase he combines the studies on limits of detection of gap contingent changes with those on visual integration as a basis of limited capacity visual short-term memory. And finally, in the third phase, Rensink emphasizes the idea that change detection involves mechanisms central to the way humans perceive the world.
results of my fieldwork take into account the three disciplines that my literature review is
A popular subject within psychology is that of selective attention, particularly visual, auditory or visual and auditory attention (Driver, 2001). There are many theories of visual and auditory attention that provide us with a greater understanding of the ways in which humans attend to different stimuli (Driver, 2001), such as Broadbent’s (1958) filter theory of attention for example. This essay will compare and contrast theories of visual and auditory attention as well as discussing how well these theories explain how we attend to objects. The essay will consist of three auditory attention theories of Broadbent’s filter theory, Treisman’s (1964) attenuation theory, and Deutsch and Deutsch’s (1963) late selection model of attention; and two models of visual attention known as the spotlight model, such as Treisman and Gelade’s (1980) feature integration model, and the zoom-lens model of visual attention (see Styles, 2006).
Macleod and Mathews (1991) induced attentional biases within a laboratory setting to determine that a ca...
A standard theory of visual search tasks assumes that when a person searches for a target in an array of other items, memory is used in locating the target. The following analysis of three articles shows that there is both strong support for this highly respected theory and evidence that this theory may have some flaws in reasoning.
Find and re-read the review of the previous literature (ROL, the section of the text with numerous citations in the text). Describe specifically how previous literature and the theoretical framework inform the design of the present study. HINT: Look for research questions, assumptions, data collection and analysis methods in qualitative studies; hypotheses, variables, variable measurement, etc. in quantitative
Khaneman (1973) devised model of attention as he believed a limited amount of attention is allocated to tasks by a central processor. Many factors determine how much attentional capacity can be allocated and how much is needed to carry out a task, as the central processor has variable but limited capacity which is dependent on motivation and arousal. The central processor engages a variety of tasks such as motor, visual, auditory, memory and so on. The central processor evaluates the amount of concentration necessary to meet task demands, which forms the basis of allocation of capacity.