Abortion - No Right or Wrong Answer
I chose abortion as the topic of my research paper because it is a very important and controversial subject, and although I have always leaned heavily toward pro-choice, I really hadn’t done much reading about it and wanted to support my position.
The definition of abortion is “expulsion of the fetus from the uterus, due to any cause, before the twenty-eighth week of pregnancy.” Abortions are broken down into the following six categories:
(1) Habitual abortion, the tendency in some women for pregnancies to end in spontaneous abortions.
(2) Incomplete abortion, one in which the fetus is expelled[…]dilation may be required to empty the uterus.
(3) Induced abortion, intentional termination of pregnancy by a surgical procedure.
(4) Septic abortion, abortion accompanied by bacterial infection of the uterus.
(5) Spontaneous abortion, one which has not been deliberately induced. Spontaneous abortions are often preceded by fetal death.
(6) Therapeutic abortion, termination of pregnancy in order to safeguard the health of the mother.”
Although abortion is considered one of those things that is terrible to do, some mothers-to-be feel it is the best option for them and others feel it is not an option at all. It appears there are many different reasons that a woman would get an abortion. Some seem like they should not be done, but others are very understandable. Abortion is one of the most discussed and controversial topics in the United States. To be pro-choice means to want abortion to be legal and available to women. To be pro-life means to not want abortion to be legal and all babies to be born. There are many opinions published by many different people, and in order to completely understand which side of the issue to believe in, a person must know both sides of the situation. It is something that presidents discuss and share their views on while campaigning for election. There has been lots of controversy over abortion as to whether it should be legal or to what extent, or whether it should be legal at all. My personal opinion is that people should not have abortions, but I do believe that mothers-to-be should have the right to have them since we do have the resources available. It is easy to say one way or the other on the issue of abortion, but I think the key thing is to be able to back up your...
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... really no right or wrong answer to the issue of abortion, you either are pro-life, pro-choice, or maybe like me, somewhere in between. There is no way that every person is ever going to share the same views on this very controversial issue. People just need to listen to ideas, do research and try to get their own opinions while knowing what they truly believe in. Personally after doing all of this research I have kind of went back and forth on the way I believe. Though I will stay with my original thought, that people should not have abortions, but I do believe that mothers-to-be should have the right to have them since we do have the resources available, it is their choice.
Bibliography
Steinem, Gloria. “The Choices We Made.” Random House. United States of America, 1991.
The “Holy Bible” King James Version, 1984.
The Reader’s Digest: “Great Encyclopedia Dictionary.” Funk & Wagnalls, Inc., 1977.
Heritage House. “How Are Abortions Done?” http://www.abortionfacts.com/literature/literature_9312ha.asp, 1998.
The Washington Post Company. “Morning-After Pill Study Contradicts Claim by Foes”
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A48377-2005Jan4?language=printer.
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Medical sciences are required to keep us healthy when there are diseases spreading and animal testing is a key part of this research. Animal test is not wrong because it is the only way to keep ahead in the arms race against disease. Disease keep changing and evolving so scientist must keep researching and making stronger, more potent medicines to combat them. Thus we must use living creatures as test subject for the medicines.
As health care providers, nurses strive to instill confidence in their patients and their loved ones. A nurse is respectful to their colleagues as well as their patients. Nurses promote patients’ independence, patients can be confident in the knowledge that a nurse will do what is best for them, respecting their privacy and dignity. This means that a nurse does not share the patient information for personal reasons nor does the nurse get involved in a patients personal relationship if it is not medically relevant (NCSBN, 2011).
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The Health Foundation describes patient centred care as being a type of health system where patients take control of their
Respecting the clients dignity is critical therapeutic communication (p.94). On the other hand, clients and their families must also show respect to the nurses and other health care team. Sometimes clients and their families who do not share the same cultural values and norms with nurses and the other health care team end up disrespecting the health care workers and this creates conflict. Dignity and respect should occur for everyone involved in patient
First, animal testing would provide scientists with new ways to treat diseases. Many vaccines for diseases have been found by testing on animals. For example, millions of people would die per year of diseases that scientists had no idea on how to deal with if they did not take the time experiment on animals first. Heloisa Sabinos of The Wall Street Journal says, “Without animal research, polio would still be claiming thousands of lives each year. There could not have been any oral vaccine without the use of innumerable animals, a very large number of animals” (1). Polio is just the start of diseases cured by these tests. Also, Dr. Joseph E. Murray states, “The research almost certainly will enable doctors to treat leukemia, a plastic anemia and lymphoma patients with human bone marrow that is less than perfect match and open the pool of potential organ donors to include animals” (Los Angeles Times 1). As illustrated, animal experimentation will benefit all living things in the lon...
Animal experiments used in biological research have helped make many advancements in human medicine. Through these experiments when has achieved, a decrease in infant mortality, longer lifespan, and an increase in the quality of life (American Medical Associaton 3). Through indirect of direct experimentation, almost all medical advances can be traced back to research through animals. The control and dismissal of diseases like: small pox, poliomyelitis, and measles has been achieved with animals. Blood transfusions, burn therapy, open brain and hearts surgery where all fulfilled the same way (American Medical Association 54). "Biomedical advances depend on research with animals, and not using them would deprive humans and criminals of the benefits of research" (American Media Association74). Through animal research we could find solutions to AIDS, cancer, heart diseases, aging, and congenital defects. Like Lord Adrian said, “The use of living animals in scientific research can be considered justified if it is likely to produce appreciable benefit to society, if there is no way to conduct the research in quest...
According to the dictionary definition is the various surgical methods for terminating a pregnancy during the six months. It can also be called a voluntary abortion. The removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy (dictionary.com).
Researchers say without animal experimentation we would not have many medicines we have today or the knowledge we have gained from animal experimentation to make scientific advancements (Badyal). Many of the cures that we have developed over the years are only present because of the research that has been performed on animals (Brooks). It was shown that a percentage of deaths decreased due to founded information from the testing (Brooks). Doing the research helps scientists get a better idea how to cure Cancer and other serious illnesses (Brooks). In the past centuries, medical research has only been possible through animal testing. Since then, however, many alternatives have been created (Badyal) that prove to be more reliable and have been used in vital research such as treatments to certain diseases (Badyal).These alternative methods to animal tests are said to be less expensive and to have more predictable
Abortion has been accepted by the United States of America ever since the monumental Roe vs. Wade case in the early 1970’s, but is still a very controversial issue. Many people are for and against abortions. Some people say that the child inside its mother’s womb deserves the opportunity to live, while others believe that a mother has the right to choose whether or not her fetus can live or die. Other advocates for abortion claim that abortion helps keep the threat of overpopulation down. They also say that in many extreme cases, it is in the best interest of the mother and the child that the fetus be aborted. Abortion helps keep the crime rate low, so it should remain legal, they also say.
Animal testing in medical research continues as there is still a necessity for it in medical advancements. Even though technology has increased drastically, animal testing still seems like one of the most efficient resources to gather information from. There are many positive and negative outcomes from using animals as experiments in medical research.