Women in Combat: The World War II Experience in the United States, Great Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union

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Thousands of men enlisted and were sent to fight during World War II. However, many people are unaware of the role that women played in the war, not only in taking over the jobs that would have previously belonged to men at home, but also in combat. D’Ann Campbell’s article “Women in Combat: The World War II Experience in the United States, Great Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union” explores this topic. Campbell argues that the role of women in combat has been overlooked in the study of the Second World War. She states that, in fact, “the history everyone has learned about the greatest and best-known war of all times has airbrushed out the combat roles of women” (323). In the article, Campbell compares the methods of the four major powers involved in the war, the Unites States, Great Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union, of involving women in combat, and what those methods used say about gender roles in that particular country. Campbell begins by examining the Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps in the United States and the “experiments” that the Army General Staff held “to see how well American women could perform” (302). Ultimately, they discovered that “mixed gender units performed better than all male units” (302). Similar British experiences found much the same thing; in fact, it was the model of the British army that the United States “was watching closely” (306). In Britain in 1941, 125,000 women were drafted into the military, while 430,000 more volunteered over the next three years (306). The purpose of these units was to allow more men to fight offensively on the continent while the women protected the defensive lines. Neither country allowed the women to fight, however; in the United States the public was not “ready to ... ... middle of paper ... ...tion for each country, and bringing it together in the concluding paragraphs. The article does seem to be focused mainly on the United States, with the largest portion of the article dedicated to this country’s women’s units. However, this bias is most likely based on the fact that the article was written for an American journal. One thing that could have improved the article is if the author had stated her argument at the beginning of the article. As it is, the article seems to jump straight in without introducing a clear argument; the rest of the article does not seem as cohesive as it could have been. It is only in the final paragraphs that the reader begins to gain a sense of what Campbell is attempting to make as an argument. Overall, the article is interesting to read and gives insight into an aspect of the Second World War of which many people are unaware.

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