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Role of wolves in Yellowstone's ecosystem
Role of wolves in Yellowstone's ecosystem
Role of wolves in Yellowstone's ecosystem
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Your children are starving, the winter is approaching and it is your responsibility to feed your family, their extended family, and the entire pack. Under these circumstances even you would kill an elk or two. In 1995, 14 wolves were brought from Canada into the Yellowstone National Park, in an effort to see how they would affect the ecosystem if they were reintroduced into America. The two decades after the wolves were integrated into the park has been filled with conflict as citizens fight for or against reintroducing wolves country-wide. Wolf activists, farmers, and hunters are the main players in the fight for or against wolf reintroduction. Wolves are a vital part of our ecology, the animal kingdom’s food chain, and economy; and as such should be reintroduced to all the areas that the wolf roamed before they were wiped out by European explorers.
The ecology, or how living organism interact with their environment, starts from the top, or the predator and goes down to the soil and streams. Before the wolf was introduced to the Yellowstone National Park, elk populations have grown too large for the land to sustain them. Due to the large number of elk eating the grass and trees, the grass has been eaten, and the soil has become loose due to the lack of grass to hold the soil in place (Hannibal 2012). The exposed soil makes the land more susceptible to changes in the weather (Hannibal 2012). When wolves were reintroduced into the Yellowstone National Park, the willow trees grew back, the Aspens grew more abundantly, and the grass managed to regrow(“In the Valley of the Wolves”). The elk still ate the grass, willows, and trees; however because the wolves were now preying on the elk the elk had to keep moving and stay in areas wher...
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"Living With Wolves - About Wolves - Questions About Wolves." Living With Wolves - About Wolves - Questions About Wolves. Living With Wolves.Web. 18 Feb. 2014. .
Nealson, Christina. "The Truth About Wolves Is Hard to Find." High Country News. High Country News, 26 Apr. 2012. Accessed 11 Feb. 2014. .
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Outland, Katrina. "Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf? The Yellowstone Wolves Controversy." Hawaii Pacific University. N.p., Nov. 2004. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. .
Robbins, Jim, and W. Smith. "Hunting habits of wolves change ecological balance in Yellowstone.” New York Times Oct 18 (2005).
“The oldest and strongest emotion of mankind is fear, and the oldest and strongest kind of fear is fear of the unknown” ― H.P. Lovecraft. Fear drives mankind to hate what he cannot comprehend. With this irrational fear mankind is controlled and set on a path of destruction and chaos. In the autobiography Never Cry Wolf written by Farley Mowat, the main character (Farley Mowat), journeys to the Canadian tundra to study the much-feared wolf. There he discovers the fear brought upon by men, and how it can result horribly for the wolves. The human race was so frightened by the unknown species that they began to blame the wolves for cold slaughters, portrayed them as vicious killers, and because of the fear of the unknown tried to exterminate wolves all together.
This makes them seem less menacing and scary like the first article makes them look. Sharon Levy says in part "It is only in the two decades that biologists have started to build a clearer picture of wolf ecology….Instead of seeing rogue man-eaters and savage packs, we now understand that wolves have evolved to live in extended family groups.." (ll 19-22) This article also explains the positive overall effects of the wolves moving back to Yellowstone. Not only did the wolves have a new home filled with beautiful elk for prey they were also protected from hunters. This changed the attitude of the wolves as well as their population, of course their population grew and stayed more
Robbins, Jim. Last Refuge: The Environmental Showdown in Yellowstone and the American West. New York: Morrow, 1993.
...I think that repopulating wolves in an area where they might have to deal with people is kind of a feeble-witted idea. Wolves are not an animal with a great reputation, even though they might not deserve that reputation most people do not like. I think that people as a whole would probably rather have deer in their back yard rather than wolves. Therefore, the questions what can happen, what should happen, and what will happen, with the deer problem all three have different answers. These answers will differ due to the area that the deer are in and the peoples' feeling towards these deer. It is too bad that there is not one perfect solution to the deer problem. Maybe in the future there will be, but until then we will have to deal with each problem that comes up individually.
of the wolves and finds that they are more than the savage and merciless hunters
Wolves are a natural mean of controlling the number of deer, elk, and other large game in an environment. The larger populations of herbivores are a problem for farmers and ranchers. The herd's winter grounds could be the same ranchers use for their cattle. In 1983 the case of Allen Nelson, a rancher in Montana, came to the attention of the Forest Service. Nelson owned land about twenty miles north of Yellowstone National Park. During the winter, elk would eat the grass on his land that he needed to feed his cattle. After Nelson's efforts to persuade the National Park Service elk were migrating form Yellowstone National Park failed he turned to the Forest Service. The Forest Service owned land next Nelson and did not want the degradation of the grass in the forest. Partnering with the State of Montana, Nelson and the Forest Service placed radio collars on a dozen elk. After tracking the elk through the next ...
Phillips, Michael K., Smith, Douglas W. The Wolves of Yellowstone. Voyage Press, Inc. 1996, pgs 25-30.
It is early in the morning with the majestic Elk bugles in the distance. The sun kisses the tops of the peaks with the most beautiful gold, and paints the clouds rose red. Men and women who enjoy the outdoors, whether it is hunting or just hiking, help make these types of moments possible. Hunting and the ecosystem is tied closely to conservation of land and animals. The articles on “Hunting and the ecosystem” written by the South Dakota Game Fish and Parks Department (SDGFP), and “Facts and statistics on wildlife conservation” written by Roger Holmes, director of the Fish and Wildlife, touch on how hunting is important to the environment to keep a good balance in the ecosystem.
Thirteen years ago, wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Of two potential locations considered (Snowflake Springs and Butte Rock) they were placed in the low-risk prey Butte Rock for the purpose of encouraging the wolves to spread out and create packs. Before and during the reintroduction project, Oregon State University researchers measured the rate of willow growth along 2.6 miles of the Gallatin River, which ran through Butte Rock and Snowflake Springs. During their study from 1998 to 2002, the researchers discovered that Snowflake Springs, where the elk were and no wolves lived, the willow growth dropped from 92% to nothing (“How Wolves Help Willows,” 4).
Grey wolves were removed from USA’s Yellowstone National Park in 1926. A big impact of removing wolves were how the Aspen trees were slowly disappearing.After the wolves were gone beavers were scarce in the northern range, numbers of songbirds and habitats were reduced. The elk population skyrockets because the bears and the coyotes were left to hunt the elk but they do not kill as many elks as the wolves did. When the reintroduction of the wolves in 1995 there was a drastic difference in the landscape.
Gibson, J. William. "The New War on Wolves." Los Angeles Times. 08 Dec. 2011: A.25. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 21 Feb. 2014.
National Parks are the cornerstone of every country because it preserves the rich cultural and natural resources of a nation, such as Yellowstone in the United States of America. Yellowstone National Park is the World’s First National Park which brings millions of attraction each year, it is larger than Rhode Island and Delaware combine and have over a thousand species of plants and animal (Yellowstone Media). However, a very important type of species has been missing in Yellowstone National Park for a very long time. Wolves, which got reintroduce back into Yellowstone National Park, should stay there because without them the ecosystem would be out of balance.
Gauss’ Law states that no two organisms can occupy the same ecological niche without excluding the other, but what happens when man gets involved with nature and tries to introduce a species where it doesn’t belong which in turn provides a second organism to fill the same niche as the first? The results of human intervention have often been disastrous for the organism that we’re supposedly helping. Humans often times do not understand the complexity of the implications that are caused directly through our intervention. In 1974, the gray wolf was listed on the Endangered Species List, and in an effort to reestablish their populations, wolves were re-introduced into Yellowstone National Park, affecting Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho (Wyoming Wolf Management Plan, 2003). Between 1995 and 1996 thirty one wolves were reintroduced into Yellowstone and thirty five wolves into central Idaho. The wolf numbers exploded, leaving these western states with the problem of what to do with these wolves to prevent them from exceeding their carrying capacity and where to go from here.
Wolfs can do massive damage to livestock. The huckleberry back alone killed or wounded 33 sheep located near Stevens County ranch. a wild life agent killed 7 members of the pack and the alpha female. In Montana there are having two packs hunt down and kill live stuck DNR has ordered that one of the pacts to be wiped out completely and another back to be cut down a 3rd by killing 5 wolfs out of the 15.
The reintroduction of wolves into West Yellowstone National Park is detrimental to the quality of life in Yellowstone. Many people in the mainstream media have jumped on the “save the wolves” bandwagon, without knowing what the effect of the wolf on the ecosystem. It is a politically correct thing to be pro-wolf. Unfortunately the people who are making all the noise do not live in or around the park. They do not have their livelihood threatened by the wolf. They aren’t hunters, and so they don’t notice the decrease population of other animals that these large packs of wolves have diminished. The reintroduction of the Grey Wolf into West Yellowstone was devastating to the ecosystem because the wolf endangers the local wildlife, livestock, pets and even the local people’s children.