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puritans/salem witch trials
the salem witch trials puritans
salem witch trials colonial america
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In February of 1692, over two hundred people were accused and tried for using witchcraft in New England. The most infamous of these witch trials were performed in Salem Town, Massachusetts. Even though there was little to no evidence that the accused were actually practicing witchcraft or had “signed a contract with the devil, there were a few erratic outbursts, and weird happenings in town that people said were a result of demonic activity and someone had to be blamed. That is how the trials started. The legalistic townspeople needed an explanation for the erratic happenings because they feared to admit they didn’t know what was really happening. The trials ran between February of 1692 and May of 1693. In Salem alone, there were over 30 deaths because of these trials. Nineteen of the accused were hung, at least 11 died in prison, and one died from being crushed under heavy stones. During this time, America was very religious, and ardently believed in God and Satan. Most of the population consisted of English Protestants or Puritans, who used their religion and the Bible as an excuse for the trials. Scriptures from Exodus, Leviticus, and Acts were pulled from the Bible to strengthen their argument, but were used incorrectly and out of context. During this time, it was believed that there was a large amount of occult experimentation, mostly due to curiosity. Cotton Mather, a minister from Boston, says that "many inhabitants of New England, and young people especially, had been led away with little sorceries, wherein they did secretly those things that were not right against the Lord their God….” It was common belief that people who practiced magic were in a contract with the Devil. What this basically meant is that they sign... ... middle of paper ... ...ld be”. No he would investigate the illness, and examine the person thoroughly. He would look at what they ate and where they went. Who knows maybe there was a bad crop that caused them to become sick. Maybe the trials were one big conspiracy. Since the Porters and the Putmans –the two largest families in Salem– were related to almost everyone in the town except each other. For all we know, one of the families could have decided they were tired of disagreeing on the future of the village and took matters into their own hands. Poisoning the minister’s daughter and niece, asking a relative or wife to act crazy around other people so they would believe said wife or relative was bewitched making them able to place blame on pretty much anyone they wanted. One thing for sure is that the people of Salem were afraid, and feared not knowing why these things were happening.
John M. Murrin’s essay Coming to Terms with the Salem Witch Trials helps detail the events of these trials and explains why they might have occurred. The witch trials happened during a “particularly turbulent time in the history of colonial Massachusetts and the early modern atlantic world” (Murrin, 339). Salem came to be in 1629 and less than seventy years later found itself in a mess of witch craft.
Godbeer, Richard. A great idea. Escaping Salem: The Witch Hunt of 1692. New York: Oxford UP, 2005. Print.
...in their family to become sick and possibly die. Many people were accused of witchcraft. More than twenty people died all together. One person was flattened to death because he was accused of witchcraft. When people were accused they had to go to jail, which the conditions were terrible. Then, they had to get a trial from the Court of Oyer and Terminer. After an accused witch had their trial, and went to jail, they would be carted off to Gallows Hill. This was the hill where all the witches were hanged. After a witch was hanged, later that night, their family would usually take the body down and give it a proper burial. The Salem Witchcraft Trials were one of the most terrible times in the history of America. As you can see the chaotic Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692 were caused by superstition, the strict puritan lifestyle, religious beliefs, and hysteria.
Witchcraft has been present in many other religions, not only the Puritan religion. Witchcraft was also found in Catholic and Protestant parts of Europe. The Salem Witch Trials were smaller in comparison to those in Scotland, France, or Germany (Hall 3). Though the trials in Salem were smaller, people recognize the Salem Witch Trials as one of the worst times in American history (“Witch Madness” 4). The Puritans believed that the Devil was alive in their community (“Witch Madness” 2). The accusations started in February 1692 in Salem Village, Massachusetts when young Puritan girls were found using magic. The Salem Witch Trials began when Betty Paris, Abigail Williams, and some of their friends began to act strange with odd fits (Hall 1). Because many mental and emotional disorders were not understood, the people of Salem believed it was the work of witchcraft. When sickness or even misfortune came, the most
This was the belief of many of the Puritans, in Salem. Puritans had such strong religious beliefs, that to them it seemed highly plausible that the devil was using their peers as pawns to carry out his evil influence on the world. Another thing that fueled the Puritans belief of bewitchment was a book written a few years previously called Memorable Providences, Relating to Witchcrafts and Possessions by Cotton Mather. This book explained symptoms of four children who had been bewitched by their laundress. The symptoms that Mather described were the same symptoms the town seemed to be plagued with. This only added to the belief that the town had an outbreak of witches. Many of the doctors in the town started blaming illness that could not be diagnosed on witchcraft. In 1692, Williams and Elizabeth Parris began acting out of the ordinary by dashing around, complaining of strange pains, and jumping under things. They visited their local doctor and he told them they must be bewitched because there activities were so unexplainable. Another medical case that was thought to be witchcraft was that of Martha Goodwin. She began screaming, complaining of unusual pain, and demonstrating different behavior than normal. The symptoms that were shown in Martha Goodwin were so out of the ordinary that the doctors did not know what could be causing these problems. The doctors decided the child must be a victim of witchcraft and arrested her parents under the assumption that they were
Witchcraft had been around long before the Salem witch trials. “Indeed by 1692 the “witch craze,” which had begun in Europe around 1500, was distinctly on the wane so that the trials in the Salem Village were among the last of the major outbreaks-if the execution of only twenty persons entitles this outbreak to be called “major” in the history of European witchcraft.” However, if this was one of the last instances of witches, why is it so famous? They are different in many ways. “Before the outbreak at Salem Village, trials for witchcraft had been fairly common events in colonial America, but they had not invariably resulted in executions or even in conviction.” The other reason the trials are so famous, is the highlight of this paper about proving that the trials were just an act put on by the children who started this outbreak. “Only in 1692 did the accusations multiply so quickly and develop an entire community.”
...in them but rather a slew of reasons that must be sorted and used in conjunction with one another. The best explanation to the outbreak of accusations is a psychological and/or medical epidemic due in part to King William's War. Because many of the accusers were survivors of the turmoil of the war who had resettled in or near Salem, it can be said that if King William's War had been resolved in Europe before fighting broke out in the New World, it is quite possible that the Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692 would not have happened to the multitude that they did. It is impractical to say that they would not have happened at all because witchcraft and witch-hunting was something known to colonial culture long before the Trials of 1692. One can only speculate on how things would have been different in the New World if only King William's War was resolved in Europe.
The notorious witch trials of Salem, Massachusetts occurred from June through September. It is a brief, but turbulent period in history and the causes of the trials have long been a source of discussion among historians. Many try to explain or rationalize the bizarre happenings of the witch hunts and the causes that contributed to them. To understand the trials and how they came to be, we must first examine the ideals and views of the people surrounding the events. Although religious beliefs were the most influential factor, socioeconomic tensions, and ergot poisoning are also strongly supported theories. A combination of motives seems the most rational explanation of the frenzy that followed the illness of the two girls. This paper looks closely at the some of the possible causes of one of the most notable occurrences in history.
The Salem Trials took place between the 10th of June and the 22nd of 1692 and in this time nineteen people. In addition to this one man was pressed to death and over 150 people where sent to jail where four adult and one infant died. Although when compared to other witch-hunts in the Western world, it was ‘a small incident in the history of a great superstition,’ but has never lost its grip on our imagination’ . It’s because of this that over the last three centuries many historians have analysed the remaining records of the trials in order to work out what the causes and events were that led to them.
The witch trials of the late 1600's were full of controversy and uncertainty. The Puritan town of Salem was home to most of these trials, and became the center of much attention in 1692. More than a hundred innocent people were found guilty of practicing witchcraft during these times, and our American government forced over a dozen to pay with their lives. The main reasons why the witch trials occurred were conflicts dealing with politics, religion, family, economics, and fears of the citizens.
The Salem Witchcraft was a series of undesirable events, which was powered by paranoia and fear. Though several witch trials occurred before the Salem Witch Trial, this was the most well known of all. Many innocent people were accused of witchcraft which resulted to 19 men and women that were hanged, 17 innocents that died in unsanitary prisons, and an 80-year old man that was crushed to death by putting stones on top of his stomach until he confesses (movie: The Crucible). In some accounts, it was reported that two dogs were stoned to death for cooperating with the Devil. Why did the Salem Witch trial occur? Were these trials appropriate? Or were they truly a Devil's work? The Salem Witch Trials might have occurred for a variety of reasons such as people's ignorance that led to superstitions. It might have also occurred because people's crave for power, or it might also be because of fear.
The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 and 1693 was a tragic set of events that took place in Salem, Massachusetts (Salem is now Danvers, Massachusetts.) It began with a “witchcraft craze” from 1300-1600 in Europe, when thousands of people were murdered, accused of performing witchcraft, the devil’s magic.
The Salem Witch Trials were a prime part of American history during the early 17th century. During this time, religion was the prime focus and way of life within colonies. This was especially true for the Puritan way of life. Puritans first came to America in hopes of practicing Christianity their own way, to the purest form. The Puritans were fundamentalists who believed every word transcribed in the Bible by God was to be followed exactly for what it was. The idea of the devil controlling a woman and forming her into a Witch was originated from people’s lack of awareness on illness, disease or simple hysteria. The Colonists lack of expertise on the methodical approach through sciences, left them concluding to a spiritual phenomenon.
The Salem Witch trials were when hundreds of citizens of Salem, Massachusetts were put on trial for devil-worship or witchcraft and more than 20 were executed in 1692. This is an example of mass religion paranoia. The whole ordeal began in the home of Reverend Samuel Parris. People soon began to notice strange behavior from Parris’s slave, Tituba, and his daughters. Many claimed to have seen Parris’s daughters doing back magic dances in the woods, and fall to the floor screaming hysterically. Not so long after, this strange behavior began to spread across Salem.
The examinations begin with the people who were charged with witchcraft are brought to face the Salem Justices and are asked why they are hurting the afflicted girls, and during these examinations, the afflicted young girls gave descriptions of being attacked and tormented by the apparitions of Tituba, Good, and Osborn; the girls then exhibited forms of contortions when the accused were near them. Some of the townspeople even came forth with accounts of their dairy products spoiling and their animals being born with malformations after one of the accused came into their homes. Linder wrote: