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Emerging wireless technology
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INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Wireless sensors Deployment 2
1.2 Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks 3
1.3 The Physical Architecture of WSANs 3
1.4 Difference between WSNS and WS 4
1.5 Requirement of WSNs 5
2. Wireless Ad-Hoc Network 5
3. Current Issues and solution 6
3.1 Key management issue for future 9
4. Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications of WSNs 10
5. Conclusion 11
6. References 12
List of figures
Figure 1 Working principle of WSNs 1
Figure 1.3 The Physical Architecture of WSANs 4
Figure 1.3.1 (a) Automated Vs (b) Semi-Automated 4
Figure 3 (a) Example of coverage problem: The sensing ranges are unit disks 7
Figure 3 (b) The sensing ranges are non-unit disks 7
Figure 3.1(a) the coverage problem with irregular sensing region
(a) Coverage levels of irregular sub-regions
(b) Polygon approx. of sensor Si sensing region
(c) Covered segments of sensor Si 8
Figure 3.1.1 Security Requirements for WSN 9
Figure 3.1.2 Common key distribution schemes for WSNs 9
Figure 4 Applications 11
Introduction
Wireless Sensor Network
The rapid progress of embedded MEMS (micro-sensing technologies) and wireless communication has made wireless sensor networks possible. Such an environment may have many wireless nodes which are inexpensive; each node is capable of collecting, storing and processing environmental data, and communicating with neighboring nodes. These sensors are connected with wires in the past but tod...
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... in Wireless Sensor Networks: Current proposal and Future Development, IEEE Xplore, Hong Kong, Oct- 2007.
5) Jeremy Eric Elson, “Time Synchronization in Wireless sensor Networks, University of California, USA: ANSII Std 239-18, 2003.
6) Michele Zorzi, “Wireless Sensor and networks: Recent trends and Research Issues’’, University of Padova, Italy, IEEE communication society, Poland, April 28-30, 2008.
7) CHI-FU HUANG and YU-CHEE TSENG, “Mobile Network and Application”, the coverage Problem in a Wireless Sensor Network, National Chiao-Tung University, Taiwan, Netherland, senior member of IEEE, 2005, Sec. 5.
8) Ian F. Akyildiz, Ismail H. Kasimoglu, “Ad Hoc Networks’’, Wireless sensor and actor networks: Research Challenges, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA, May-2004.
9) Salvatore La Malfa, “Wireless Sensor Networks”, IEEE Xplore, 2010.
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Disclaimer; this is intended to be an introductory technical article; certain details have been excluded in the interests of space and clarity. Network design examples are presented to illustrate specific technical points and are not intended to fully complete.
Johnson, D., Maltz, D. (1996). Dynamic Source Routing in Ad-hoc Wireless network. Print ISBN: 0 79239697 0
Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have the potential to improve the flexibility, productivity, and the quality of work life of an enterprise (Sage Research Staff, 2001). Berean Institute is a typical two year college with about a staff of sixty eight employees and 250 students per semester. Berean teaches cosmetology, barbering and the latest software and hardware technology, which is located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Berean currently has two locations in the Philadelphia area and using a Local Area Network (LAN).
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McQuerry, Stephen. "Chapter 1: Building a Simple Network." Network World. 29 May 2014. Network World. 21 Apr. 2014 .
The perception layer includes a group of Internet-enabled devices that are able to perceive, detect objects, gather information, and exchange information with other devices through the Internet communication networks. Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID), cameras, sensors, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) are some examples of perception layer devices. Forwarding data from the perception layer to the application layer under the constraints of devices’ capabilities, network limitation and the applications’ constraints is the task of the network layer. IOT systems use a combination of short-range networks communication
Wireless technology has come from the basics of cellular usage to sensors in the medical field. Wires are now a thing of the past in today’s world with technology forever revitalizing. Wi-Fi (Wireless Network) or 802.11 networking is a phenomenal way of providing wireless Internet at a low cost. Using radio waves, a wireless network connects a PC, mobile phone or just about anything that connects to the internet wirelessly via a router.
De Poorter, E., Troubleyn, E., Moerman, I., & Demeester, P. (2011). IDRA: A flexible system architecture for next generation wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 17(6), 1423-1440. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-011-0356-5
3. Brain, Marshall, and Tom Harris. "How GPS Receivers Work." 25 September 2006. HowStuffWorks.com. 01 June 2010.
GPS provides time synchronization of the order of 1sec