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wilderness therapy eassasy
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With an increasing number of individuals seeking mental health services and the issues these individuals face becoming deeper and more difficult to treat with conventional therapy, there is a greater need for more modern and creative therapy. Even more so, individuals are seeking treatment at a younger age and need more interventions to fit their needs. Wilderness therapy is a newer intervention found to be effective with youth and adolescents. This paper will examine the major components of wilderness therapy, the mental health disorders treated, the setting in which wilderness therapy is used, the appropriate client populations, multicultural considerations, and the limitations of this therapy.
Wilderness therapy is a form of therapy that combines the therapeutic benefits of adventure experiences and activities with traditional models of therapy (Foundations of Adventure Therapy, 2007). Wilderness therapy has a background in experiential education and is conducted in natural settings that “kinesthetically engage clients on cognitive, affective, and behavioral levels” (Norton et al., 2014). In wilderness therapy, clients are given the opportunity to rely upon each other all while using wilderness skills such as “pack building, shelter construction, fire making, and meal preparation” (Bettmann, Russell, & Parry 2013). There are two primary settings that wilderness therapy occurs in: a base camp where individuals remain in the same place for most of the program, and an expedition where individuals travel for most the duration of the program (Rutko & Gillespie, 2013). During their wilderness experience clients focus on treatment, daily life, and the present moment (Bettmann et al., 2013). The activities and challenges encountered ...
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... D. (1999). How wilderness therapy works: An examination of the wilderness therapy process to treat adolescents with behavioral problems and addictions. Retrieved from http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/wrc/publications/montana1.pdf
Rutko, E. A., & Gillespie, J. (2013). Where's the wilderness in wilderness therapy?. Journal Of Experiential Education, 36(3), 218-232. doi:10.1177/1053825913489107
Scott, D. A., & Duerson, L. M. (2010). Continuing the discussion: A commentary on “wilderness therapy: ethical considerations for mental health professionals." Child & Youth Care Forum, 39(1), 63-68. doi:10.1007/s10566-009-9090-x)
Tucker, A., Javorski, S., Tracy, J., & Beale, B. (2013). The use of adventure therapy in community-based mental health: decreases in problem severity among youth clients. Child & Youth Care Forum, 42(2), 155-179. doi:10.1007/s10566-012-9190-x
Burton, A. (1959). Case studies in counseling and psychotherapy (Prentice-Hall psychology series). Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall.
I found that Virginia Satir’s Experiential Family Therapy is the most interesting and important theory for especially youth. Family has a strong connection to youth’s mental condition. I strongly agree that Satir’s way of practice, which is “bringing the father into therapy,” and she “focused on the development of self-esteem in the family members and helped them to communicate directly and openly with each other,” is effective to the patient’s unfathomable depth.
Beck, J. S. (2005). Cognitive therapy for challenging problems: What to do when the basics don't work. New York: Guilford Press
Living in the wilderness is difficult, but understanding the meaning of such lifestyle is even more difficult. One of the Christopher’s admirable qualities was that he was well aware of what he was doing. He knew about the difficulties and dangers that he would face into the wilderness, and was mentally prepared for that. Author Jon Krakauer says that “McCandless was green, and he overestimated his resilience, but he was sufficiently skilled to last for sixteen weeks on little more than his wits and ten pounds of rice. And he was fully aware when he entered the bush that he had given himself a perilously slim margin for error. He knew precisely what was at stake” (182). McCandless was an educated youth, who loved nature and dreamed of living in the Alaskan wilderness. Although he ignored to take many necessary things with him on this
When beginner hikers think about hiking for the first time, they may think of all the walking and climbing, what to eat, & a place to sit. But what is the ultimate goal of a hiker--what gives them the motivation to go the extra mile, or the extra day? The fulfillment of it all, the sleeping, cuts scrapes bruises, the will to keep going. The beauty, and the horror of it all, the will to keep going gives a sense of accomplishment above all other things. The goal of the hiker may very well be to expand the essence of their individualism--in a sense to be as free, and persistent as the trail itself.
...ential impediment to postmodern and CBT interventions is practitioner incompetence. Psychological harm to clients is a potential danger of interventions implemented by untrained or inexperienced therapists. Likewise, the attitude and professional maturity of the practitioner are crucial to the value of the therapeutic process. In both approaches, whether taking on the role of teacher or collaborator, the therapist’s stance is one of positive regard, caring, and being with the client. While techniques and therapeutic styles may vary between and within the postmodern and CBT counseling approaches, they both enlist the client’s diligent participation and collaboration throughout the stages of therapy to accomplish positive therapeutic outcomes.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form a therapy that is short term, problem focused, cost effective, and can be provided to a broad range of disorders and is based on evidence based practices, in fact it is has the most substantial evidence based of all psychosocial therapies (Craske, 2017, p.3). Evidence based practices are strategies that have been proven to be effective through research and science. One goal of CBT is to decrease symptoms and improve the quality of life by replacing maladaptive behaviors, emotions and cognitive responses with adaptive responses (Craske, 2017, p.24). The behavioral intervention goal is to decrease maladaptive behavior and increase adaptive behavior. The goal of cognitive intervention is to modify maladaptive cognitions, self-statements or beliefs. CBT grew out of behavioral therapy and the social learning theory (Dobson, 2012, p.9). It was not until the 1950s that CBT started to swarm the psychology field. Due to nonscientific psychoanalytical approaches, there was a need for a better form of intervention which ensued to behavioral therapy (Craske, 2017,
Many years ago, people saw the wilderness as a savage wasteland, but today, it is viewed as “the last remaining place where civilization, that all too human disease, has not fully infected the earth.” (Cronon) He discusses this changed point of view by stating the difficulties that society will have rectifying environmental ailments if it stops viewing wilderness as “a dualistic picture in which the human is completely outside the nature.” (Cronon) This is understandable because humans rely on others to create opinions, and they do not know how to form their own thoughts and solutions to issues such as environmental ones. Therefore, it is with great importance that humans begin to learn how to formulate their own thoughts and share those personal thoughts with others, such as sharing solutions about environmental
Skye, Warren, Robert Schore, and Rachel Levenson. "Native Americans." NKI Center of Excellence in Culturally Competent Mental Health. N.p., 2009. Web. 1 Apr. 2014. .
Moses, T. (January 01, 2011). Adolescents' Perspectives About Brief Psychiatric Hospitalization: What Is Helpful and What Is Not? The Psychiatric Quarterly, 82, 2, 121-37.
Pratt, C. W., Gill, K. J., Barret, N. M., & Roberts, M. M. (2013). Psychiatric rehabilitation(3rd ed., pp. 169-171). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Shamanistic healing, one of the oldest spiritual healing powers, has recently become a topic of interest in modern medicine.
Necessary Behavioral Mental Health intervention does not end at the point first responders have successfully contained the actual crisis. The ongoing need for Behavioral Mental Health services will continue for an extended length of time when a traumatic event such as that depicted in the scenario occur. A copious number of individuals will have ...
In 1990, when he was 22 years old, Christopher McCandless ventured out into the Alaska wilderness in search for true happiness, and 2 years later he suffered a tragic death. An aspiring writer, Jon Krakauer, found McCandless’ story fascinating and chose to dedicate 3 years of his life to write a novel about him. The book entitled “Into the Wild” tells the tale of Christopher McCandless, an ill prepared transcendentalist longing for philosophical enrichment, who naïvely, failed to consider the dangers of isolating himself from human society for such a long period of time. Though Christopher McCandless made a courageous attempt to separate himself from society, in order to achieve self-fulfillment, the stubborn nature of this reckless greenhorn led him to his unfortunate demise.
...l as a number of techniques that can be used with clients and can also be applied when using other forms of therapy. REBT is applicable to the outdoor setting and can also work with clients in individual, group, family, or couples counseling. Because of REBT’s short and effective use, as well as its ability to be applied to many forms of therapy, especially in the outdoor setting, I have chosen it to be my theoretical orientation at this point in my Adventure Therapy career.