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The rise and fall of newspapers
The rise and fall of newspapers
Impact of electronic media over the print media
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In 1760, The Boston News-Letter was the first newspaper to be continuously published in the United States. A 250-year legacy of printed news could not have lasted if it newspapers didn't not have it uses. Aside from the entertainment value, newspapers exist for the main purpose of bringing news of international, national, and local news to the doorsteps of the people. Without such frequent and stable form of communication, it would be difficult for any nation to call itself a free democracy. Today however, it cannot be expected that newsprint will last forever. Statistical data firmly suggests newspapers around the world are falling both in number and circulation. The past several years have been difficult for newspapers as other news sources have appeared, namely televisions and internet. Many people now fear that the decline of what has, for so long, been the primary source of journalism will have major detrimental effects on the health of the nation as a democracy. I argue that while newspapers have their virtues in serving a democracy, television and the internet are already evolving to fill in as credible news sources.
A true democracy requires informed voters to make judgments over how the country should be run. To be informed we need access to news beyond the reach of our immediate networks of friends, family and neighbors. Newspapers have been the only medium of such a news source for centuries, so long in fact that people have become insecure at the thought of losing it. To some this is perceived as a problem, a perfectly legitimate position. If we were to lose such a major source of information, the space left behind would cripple our ability to inform people. If the people were not informed about national issues, there...
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...living, style, the green movement, and world news, comedy on top of the usual news, blogs and other original content.
While newspapers are in decline, the nation's health is going to be just fine. There may be some turbulence from the transition, but in the long run the people will get their news.
Works Cited
"About the Blogger |." Newspaper Death Watch. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. .
Ahrens, Frank. “The accelerating decline of newspapers." The Washington Post. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 9 Feb. 2010.
Arango, Tim. "Fall in Newspaper Sales Accelerates to Pass 7%." New York Times. 27 Apr. 2009. Web. 8 Feb. 2010.
"Democracy." Def. lb. www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary. Web. 9 Feb. 2010.
"Who killed the newspaper?" The Economist. 24 Apr. 2006. Web. 9 Feb. 2010.
"Internet History." www.computerhistory.org. Web. 9 Feb. 2010.
In chapter one, Wattenberg discusses the declining trends of Americans who regularly read newspapers between the 1960’s and present day. This can be attributed the aging patterns among generations who frequently read newspapers as well as with the use of technology rising. Reading the newspaper is a habit that either is or is not developed by the time one reaches voting age. With this, newspapers have become an older generation’s primary source of information, however, are still the best source for political matters. Younger generations tend to be more computer literate and have grown up with television and media more accessible to them than the previous generation. These trends not only reflect in American culture, but in other countries worldwide such as Italy, and Germany. Quoting a 2003 fox news interview of President Bush, Wattenberg illustrates the vast decline of newspaper consumption; even the U.S. President isn’t reading newspapers (11). Using tables throughout chapter one to illustrate the drastic differences within the last 50 years, the author exemplifies a 35% point decrease from 1957 to 2004. He speculates that perhaps young adults don’t like to read, but proves that is not the case as surveys have shown that education levels have risen overall, and access to books and reading has also increased over the years; thereby concluding that young people read, but do not typically read the newspaper. While there are several newspaper websites available, young adults do not frequently read those websites either. Although TV news information is not as detailed as it is in newspapers, young people have an ability to make up for their disinterest in newspapers by watching the news headlines (30). Chapter one makes a strong case...
... of that were true then the growth of the occurring is an argument of the American newspaper dealing with the most severe dispute ever before. The internet is slowly taking away from the traditional sources of advertising revenue, making the newspapers go out of business, people are getting laid-off and other try to make sense of it all trying to figure out how the newspapers can survive the digital age. Now, on the other hand some newspapers have made to most out the revolution of the twentieth century.
In the documentary film, Page One: Inside The New York Times, the inner world of journalism is revealed through journalists David Carr and Brian Stelter as the newspaper company The New York Times, struggles to keep alive within a new wave of news journalism. The film is dedicated to reveal the true inner mechanics of what modern day new journalists face on a daily basis and leaves the audience almost in a state of shock. It broadcasts news journalism as yes, an old school method of news generation, but it also highlights an important component that reveals the importance behind this “old school” methodology. We often think that progression always correlates with positive products, but the documentary insists that within the case of modern journalism, the new wave method is actually a detriment that can reap negative consequences.
In this regard, it is notable that News Corp Australia and Fairfax titles are, on average, read each week by around ‘60 per cent and 36 per cent respectively of the newspaper reading public in Australia’ (McKnight 2012). Fairfax publishes some of the country’s most influential newspapers, including The Australian Financial Review, The Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) and The Age.
Newspapers and nightly news shows have become a business. They no longer go by the public services values they once stood by (Sensationalism, 2005). Instead of being the fourth branch of government, they are just like any other money making business. It is no longer a race to put out the truth; it is more a race for dollars and control. Sensationalism is purely fueled by money and popularity. If a news outlet garners a large amount of popularity, they can swing votes, and influence voters. Sensationalism has already affected many political situations. Sensationalism has proven to spread like a virus. If sensationalism is not controlled, there is no way the news outlets can be the advocate for the people.
The Prime Minister of Spain once told an American, “The newspapers in your country seem to be more powerful than the government.” This statement was never more true than in 1898 during the Spanish-American War. The rulers of the New York newspaper empire, Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst, battled against one another in the ultimate test of journalism. With a real war on the horizon, these men fought to produce the most sensational stories Americans had ever read; and, as a result, they brought forth a new age in the American newspaper business, an age of fighting for the little guy, and beating back tyranny one paper at a time.
According to the Merriam Webster’s Dictionary democracy is an organization or situation in which everyone is treated equally and has equal rights. We then ask ourselves how often the media promote us to have equal rights or if they allow us to make our own decisions. In America media is in many forms. You have mass media; print media broadcast media, broadcasting, narrowcasting, and sound bites. These are just some ways in which media is presented to you. When media is therefore displayed it has lasting effects on people in which then hurts democracy. According to the Democratic Deficits, chapter 9, Negative News, “perspective argues that television broadcasting in general, and accumulated effects arising from the standard tone of Television news reporting in particular, usually fosters public mistrust of government, dissatisfaction with regime institutions, and thus contributes towards civic disengagement.” This is basically saying that the public is going to lose faith in the government based on their lack of truth, don’t give any support to those who are running for power, and lower the participation rate of the people in which will make major changes in government. This will affect the political process by only those rich people that know beyond the going to the polls and voting. In this article it also states that Television broadcasting fuel cyn...
... small media reforms (like public journalism) will be enough to reduce the commercial and corporate imperatives driving our existing media systems (Hackett and Zhao, 1998, p. 235). Instead, a fundamental reform of the entire system is needed, together with a wider institutional reform of the very structures the media systems work within, our democracies. This will be a difficult task, due to powerful vested interests benefiting from the status quo, including media, political and economic elites. Reforms will need to be driven by campaigns mobilising public support across the political spectrum, to enable the citizens of the world to have a media system that works to strengthen democratic principles as opposed to undermining them. This task is challenging, but it will become easier once people begin to understand the media’s role in policymaking within our democracies.
The first is the crisis of viability. The chance of success in the journalism in the mainstream is approaching a decline due to the transformations in technologies and new access to multiple sources of information. The second is a crisis in civic adequacy. The contributions of journalism to citizenship and democracy have begun to shift and this shift has caused a question of the relevancy of journalism to democratic processes. In a democratic society journalism plays the role of the government watchdog. The effectiveness of society’s watchdog is now being challenged and in turn alternating the structure of the current democratic society. Many critical theorists of the press during the beginning of the 20th century were concerned with finding appropriate forms of public regulation of the press and journalism to ensure that journalists are writing “news and information about public affairs which sustains and nurtures citizen information, understanding and engagement and thereby a democratic polity” (Cushion and Franklin, 2015: 75) (Dahlgren, Splichal 2016). Journalism is a political entity that influences and informs the public. It is meant to work as a source of public information that helps and does not hinder the general public specifically in political processes. The article
"Freedom of the press is guaranteed only to those who own one." This quote by A.J. Liebling illustrates the reality of where the media stands in today's society. Over the past twenty years there has been an increase in power throughout the media with regard to politics. The media's original purpose was to inform the public of the relevant events that occurred around the world. The job of the media is to search out the truth and relay that news to the people. The media has the power to inform the people but often times the stories given to the public are distorted for one reason or another. Using slant and sensationalism, the media has begun to shape our views in society and the process by which we choose our leaders. There was once a time when the government used the media as a medium to influence voters, committees, communities etc. Recently, it has been the presidents of major media outlets that have not only exercised power over the public but also made their presences felt in government and in the halls of congress. When the word democracy is thrown about it usually has to do with the rights or original intentions for a group or organization. The first group intended to be influenced by the media was the informed voter. Political parties along with the government used a variety of media resources to persuade the voter or in effect receive a vote for their cause. Returning to the thought of ?democracy? the question is, what was the original intention of the media with relation to the theme of democracy and the informed voter? To analyze this thought thoroughly one must first grasp an understanding of the basic definition of democracy.
Although the future of newspapers and print media is very gloomy right now I think that once the newspapers that were revered and respected in their heyday develop a model that can incorporate and transition traditional news along with current web and online media at a reasonable rate and with the high quality that we have been known to expect I think that newspapers will make a surprising comeback and will be once again at the head to the public sphere and will be viable and thriving online entities.
However, Nieman Journalism Lab proves that 96% of newsreading is done in print editions (Journalism.about.com, 2014). According to The Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC) which was released in 2014, newspaper circulation has increas...
In order to understand new media, one must first have a solid background of the old media. The old media traces its origins back to the “elite or partisan press [that] dominated American journalism in the early days of the republic” (Davis 29). With the advent of the penny press around 1833, the press changed its basic purpose and function from obtaining voters for its affiliated political party to making profit (Davis 29). With more available papers, individual companies competed with each other with “muckraking journalism”—investigative journalism exposing corruption—and “yellow journalism”—sensationalist journalism that completely disregarded the facts (Davis 30). The press continued to evolve its journalistic approaches and next shifted to “lapdog journalism,” r...
The newspaper industry presaged its decline after the introduction of the television and televised broadcasting in the 1950s and then after the emergence of the internet to the public in the 1990s and the 21st century with its myriad of media choices for people. Since then the readership of printed media has declined whilst digital numbers continue to climb. This is mostly due to television and the internet being able to offer immediate information to viewers and breaking news stories, in a more visually stimulating way with sound, moving images and video. Newspapers are confined to paper and ink and are not considered as ‘alive’ as these other mediums.
Newspapers and magazines may cease to exist as we know them and simply more solely as electronic products. The “Breaking News” can be moved to live stream videos by newscasters and not formal stories. There is a possibility that newer forms of media will eliminate old forms altogether, but that does not have to be the case. Ideas from both can be taken and merged together to ensure a quick and trustworthy source for news.