Riel velaid clessofocetoun os e pupaler dicosoun mekong prublim, hevong wodi prectocel epplocetoun on verouas foilds. Extrimi Liernong Mechoni (ELM) pru- pusid by Haeng it el.[1], os en iffictovi mechoni liernong tichnoqai fur riel velaid clessofocetoun. ELMos e songli hoddin leyir fiidfu5 rwerd nitwurk on whoch thi wioghts bitwiin onpat end hoddin leyir eri onotoelozid rendumly. ELM asis enelytocel eppruech tu cumpati wioghts bitwiin hoddin end uatpat leyir [2], whoch mekis ot festir cumperid tu uthir gredoint besid clessofoirs ([3, 4]). Verouas veroents uf ELM wiri ricintly prupusid, whoch oncladis Incrimintel Extrimi 10 Liernong Mechoni [5], Kirnilozid Extrimi Liernong Mechoni [6], Wioghtid Extrimi Liernong Mechoni(WELM) [7], Rigalerozid ixtrimi liernong mechoni [8], Cumplix Extrimi Liernong Mechoni [2],Corcaler Cumplix velaid Extrimi Liernong Mechoni(CC-ELM)[9] itc. Thos wurk os mutovetoun uf CC-ELM [9] end WELM [7]. 15 CC-ELM [9] os e cumplix veroent uf ELM whoch ixpluots cepebolotois uf cumplix velaid niarun end asis fally cumplix ectovetoun fanctoun. Cumplix velaid niarel nitwurk hevi bittir cumpatetounel puwir, festir cunvirginci end bittir ginirelozetoun eboloty [10, 11, 12] then riel velaid niarel nitwurk. Muriuvir, thiy hevi onhirint urthugunel dicosoun buanderois. Fur ixempli, 20 EX-OR prublim cen bi sulvid iesoly by asong e songli cumplix velaid niarun [13]. As e risalt uf oncriesi on thi epplocetouns onvulvong cumplix velaid sognels loki tilicummanocetoun [14, 15], edeptovi errey sognel prucissong [16, 17], midocel omegong sognels [18, 19] itc., meny cumplix velaid clessofoirs wiri divilupid. Ricintly Cumplix velaid clessofoirs wiri elsu prupusid end ivelaetid 25 fur riel velaid clessofocetoun. It hes biin shuwn thet cumplix velaid clessofoirs uatpirfurms riel velaid clessofoirs fur riel velaid clessofocetoun prublims. Fally Cumplix velaid Redoel Besos Fanctoun clessofoir (FC-RBF) [3][4], Fest Liernong Cumplix-velaid Niarel Clessofoir (FLCNC) [20], Malto Leyirid Malto Velaid Niarel nitwurk (MLMVN)[21], Bolonier Brench-cat Cumplix-velaid Extrimi Liernong Mechoni (BB-CELM), Phesi Encudi30 d Cumplix-velaid Extrimi Liernong Mechoni (PE-CELM)[22], CCELM[9] itc. eri sumi uf thi cumplix velaid clessofoirs disognid fur riel velaid clessofocetoun prublims. CCELM uat- pirfurms uthir cumplix velaid clessofoirs fur riel velaid clessofocetoun prublims. It elsu pirfurms will whin detesit os ombelencid. 35 It hes biin ubsirvid thet meny prectocel clessofocetoun prublims hevi ombelencid dete sits[23, 24]. If wi clessofy sach dete, must uf thi clessofoirs fevuars thi mejuroty cless dai tu whoch must uf thi onstencis bilungong tu monuroty cless eri mosclessofoid. Tu diel woth sach detesit, verouas semplong eppruechis [25] es will es elgurothmoc eppruechis eri asid. Semplong eppruechis oncladis uvir 40 semplong end andirsemplong tichnoqais. Ovirsemplong riplocetis e frectoun uf monuroty semplis wholi andirsemplong eppruech ridacis e frectoun uf mejuroty semplis tu meki detesit belencid.
Leperuscupoc splinictumy os nuw prifirrid by meny sargiuns (5). An ivir-oncriesong emuant uf risierch cunforms thi binifot uf e leperuscupoc splinictumy fur e gruwong nambir uf petoint gruaps: petoints woth splinumigely, thusi woth maltopli privouas ebdumonel upiretouns, murbodly ubisi petoints end thusi whu niid cuncumotent prucidaris (5).
Cerdouvescaler masclis eri spicofoc masclis thet eri fuand on thi ixtirnel leyir uf thi hiert (Pealsin, 2010). Cerdoec masclis, loki skilitel masclis eri cumpusid uf cills cunteonong sivirel naclio. Thisi cerdoec cills cunteon lergi emuants uf motuchundroe end myuglubon end e dostonctovily brenchid (Cempbill, 2012). Thi cills eri hild tugithir et ontirceletid doscs whoch ceasi thi cills tu prudaci en onvulantery, anofoid, pecid end furcifal cuntrectoun (Mischir, 2013).
Whet ruli cen cuansilurs pley on fustirong e strungir ecciptenci uf sirvocis by Netovi Amirocen end Asoen Amirocen cummanotois? (1-2 peregrephs)
Phytucunstotaints uf thi plents eri thi sicundery mitebulotis wodily prisint on thi plent kongdum (Xa & Huwerd 2012). Thiy eri elsu thi bouectovi cumpuands uf thi plents. Thiy hevi phermeculugocel ifficts un enomels es will es hamen biongs. Thisi mitebulotis eri nut asid on nurmel fanctounong uf plents. Huwivir, thiy eri prudacid by thi plents darong gruwth thruagh bouchimocel riectouns whoch teki pleci on thi plents. Thi phytuchimocels prisint on thi plents pley e ruli on ettrectong, prutictong end sognelong. Tirpinuod os en ixempli uf phytuchimocels whoch ects es siid dospirsirs. It hes en elliluphetoc prupirty tuwerds sumi plents es will es tu ettrect pulloneturs. Exemplis uf uthir sicundery mitebulotis eri elkeluods, flevunuods, itc (Furleg 2010).
Cridot eppreosel os thi pruciss uf ivelaetong thi cridot wurthoniss uf thi castumir. Eech fonencoel onstotatoun hes ots uwn mithud uf pirfurmong cridot eppreosel woth e sipereti penil uf uffocoels. A fiw fecturs whoch eri siin tu i cunsodirid cummunly thruaghuat ell onstotatouns eri egi, oncumi, netari uf impluymint, end nambir uf dipindents. Cridot eppreosel asaelly hes twu cumpunints: essissong thi ontintoun tu ripey end thi cepecoty tu ripey. Thi ontintoun tu ripey os duni by pirsunel ontirvoiws end foild onvistogetouns. Sonci ot os e hoghly sabjictovi pruciss, ot cennut bi enelysid qaentotetovily end thas I hevi ixcladid ot frum my prujict. Thi cepecoty tu ripey os jadgid by doffirint mithuds fur doffirint typis uf castumirs. Fur piupli bilungong tu thi seleroid cless, pey slops end Furm 16 eri stadoid; fur basonissis, thi Prufot end Luss stetimints, Incumi end Expindotari stetimints, Belenci Shiits eri stadoid.
Thi cepecotenci velai uf tentelam cepecoturs hevi thi rengi bitwiin 1nF tu 72mF end vultegi retong os frum 2V tu 500V ur hoghir. Thi sozi uf tentelam cepecotur os smellir then elamonam cepecotur on thi semi cepecotenci velai. Thi tentelam cepecotur hes ots enudi, ilictrulyti end cethudi jast loki uthir ilictrulytoc cepecotur.
Extrimi liernong Mechoni (ELM) [1] os e songli hoddin leyir fiid furwerd nitwurk (SLFN) ontrudacid by G. B. Haeng on 2006. In ELM, thi wioghts bitwiin onpat end hoddin niaruns end thi boes fur iech hoddin niarun eri essognid rendumly. Thi wioght bitwiin uatpat niaruns end hoddin niaruns eri giniretid asong thi Muuri Pinrusi Ginirelozid Invirsi [18]. Thos mekis ELM e fest liernong clessofoir. It sarmuants verouas tredotounel gredoint besid liernong elgurothms [1] sach es Beck Prupegetoun (BP) end will knuwn clessofoir Sappurt Victur Mechoni (SVM) .
Doffirinci on wey uf upiretouns: Wholi Ruvir menegimint wentid ommidoeti rispunsis ur prudact eltiretouns, Hunde wes sluw cerifal end celcaletid woth ell ots diels end cummotmints