When the tsunami disaster occurred, the whole world felt the devastation. People from all over the world offered their support and sent money to help victims. Their helping hands were appreciated by thousands and blessed the hearts of families. Instead of saying that different parts of the world should deal with their own problems, everyone made other countries problems their own. The tsunami caused astronomical numbers of damage towards the United States. This massive impact of the tsunami was attributed by devastating earthquakes, debris flowing through landslides, and lava erupting volcanoes.
Earthquakes generate most tsunami. The past decade has witnessed mounting evidence of tsunami parented by submarine landslides. In fact, submarine landslides have become prime suspects in the creation of “surprise tsunami” from small or distant earthquakes a tsunami sprung from a spontaneous submarine landslide. The geography of earthquakes only casually resembles the geography of submarine landslides.
Landslides tsunami hazards to areas like the Gulf of Mexico, the North Sea, or the eastern seaboard of the US. A 5-meter sea wave striking there would over-run far more territory than a similar wave hitting a rugged shore, such as California's north coast (Barrow 9).
Landslides offer no physical or statistical warning for safety procedures. Earthquake monitoring systems wouldn’t pick it up, experts say. So the first time the public knows about the tsunami might be when it slams into the shore. The main cause of future landslide would be unusually heavy rainfall, and recommends extra tree planting around the new quarry site (Loftis 20).
“Volcano eruptions come in huge variety of shapes and sizes and have cataclysmic explosions that can destroy a town or even a small country.” (McGuire 9). Some super eruptions are distanced from standard eruptions by the amount of ash and debris the eject.
The tsunami in Thailand that occurred on December 26, 2004, was by far the largest tsunami catastrophe in human history. It was triggered by a magnitude 9.1-9.3 earthquake along the Indian-Australian subduction zone off the northern coast of Sumatra. The tsunami waves traveled primarily in the east to west direction and caused major damage along the coasts of southern Thailand. Unpredictably, it was a violent earthquake beneath the sea that initiated the massive waves and struck more than a dozen countries in Southern Asia. It also destroyed thousands of miles of coastline and even submerged entire islands permanently. Throughout the region, the tsunami killed more than 150,000 people, and a million more were hurt, homeless, and without food or drinkable water, making it perhaps the most destructive tsunami in the modern history. In spite of peninsular Thailand's location facing the northern part of this subduction zone, the lack of any written historical records, together with the lack of any major local seismic activity, the tsunami caused thousands of fatalities and huge economic losses in the popular tourist regions in Thailand. Immediately after the disaster, numerous organizations and individual citizens have helped out and contributed to this devastating tsunami. Indeed, the tsunami in Thailand was a worldwide event, with significant wave action felt around the world. In this context, I am focusing more on the key features of the tsunami’s natural causes, the psychological effects on citizens, the perspective of socio-economic impacts and the consequences of the tsunami calamity.
In the article “A Tsunami, Where?” (2015). On June 2013 a storm have hit the East Coast in the U.S that results in tsunami. Over 30 tide gauges have reported similar tsunami conditions. The highest capacity was recorded in Newport located in Rhode Island. In addition, Conditions showed a conceivable torrent, even to the individuals who did not have the guide of the tide gages. Brian Coen was spearfishing at Barnegat Inlet in Ocean County, New Jersey he saw a solid outrush of water as the tide went out. Outrush conveyed jumpers over submerged rocks that serve as a barrier, the strong waves carried the three drivers but only two were harmed. However, Ebersole reviewed that before long, the current switched at the same pace. A close-by gage recorded
TOHOKU, Japan, Friday, Mar. 11 -Yesterday, a 9.0 magnitude Earthquake struck the east of Tohoku, Japan. The epicentre of the earthquake was located approximately 72 km east of Tohoku (38.3 degrees North latitude and 142.4 degrees East longitude), or 130 km east of Sendai as shown by the X in figure 3 below. The focus of the earthquake was 24.4 km under the epicentre. The earthquake therefore caused a tsunami due to the displacing of water above the Pacific Plate. The earthquake and tsunami together have caused approximately 20,000 deaths, 6152 injuries and 2500 people missing. Approximately 90% of these deaths were by drowning. Approximately 140,000 people have been displaced and over 500,000 buildings and structures have been destroyed or damaged. The early warning system of Japan stopped many bullet trains, and many residents received texted warnings of the earthquake and tsunami on their mobile phones giving them time to evacuate. Figures 1 and 2 show exactly how destructive the tsunami caused by the Tohoku Earthquake was.
The Tohoku earthquake caused by the movement of the Pacific plate slides underneath the Eurasia plate at the rate of three inches per year, associated with Japan Trench (NOVA, 2013). There is a debate whether the plate involved with the Pacific plate was the fragment of the North America plate because this
Tsunamis are also called “Seismic sea waves.” A tsunami can move hundreds of miles per hour in the open sea and crash into the land with waves as high as 100 feet or more.
Japan had been labelled as developed country and has the world's third-largest economy and the world's fourth-largest economy buying power. However, this developed country had faced numerous number of catastrophic event mainly tsunami. Tsunami is derived from the word ‘Tsu’ means harbor and ‘nami’ means wave. It was first known in 1897. Tsunami is a great sea wave produced cause by the submarine earth movement or volcanic eruption (NEAMTIC-North-Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Tsunami Information Centre). This terrifying event had taken away the lives of almost 200,000 innocent citizens around the world. On 10 February 2014, in Japan, it is
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami took place on December 26th, 2004 and had a magnitude of 9.15. The cause of the Sumatra Tsunami was due to the sliding of two tectonic plates. Sumatra, an island in Indonesia, is situated on the boundary of the two plates; part of Sumatra is situated on the India/Australian plate and the other part is on the Eurasian plate. The Indian/Australian plate and Eurasian plate connect on the ocean floor at the boundary, a little over 100 miles off the short of Sumatra. Sumatra was one among the many countries that was impacted by these natural disasters. To fully understand the Sumatra Tsunami one must examine the events that led up to it, what a tsunami is, and the damage caused.
The earthquake and tsunami caused damage to lives and properties that affected the area. The earthquake happened on March 11, 2011 at 2:46 p.m. local time. People in cities along a 1,300 mile coastline were affected by tremors that reached as far as Tokyo. As of April 2015 the
The effects of the great earthquake were felt around the world, from Norway's fjords to Antarctica's ice sheet. Tsunami debris continues to wash up on North American beaches two years later.
A geohazard is the term for a geological state which has the potential to create widespread damage. Typical geohazards include tectonic issues, such as earthquakes and volcanoes, other naturally-occurring processes such as landslides and mud flows. Another geohazard can be other human-induced matters such as drilling through an over-pressured geological zone. While some geohazards can be on a relatively minor scale, such as a small rock fall on an isolated mountain, there can be serious consequences for bigger geohazards. For instance, a coastal landslide can cause a tsunami, which
The Tohoku earthquake caused by the movement of the Pacific plate slides underneath the Eurasia plate at the rate of three inches per year, associated with Japan Trench
... mitigation strategies. Analysis of several landslides within the New Madrid Seismic Zone indicated that the landslides were stable, but failure is possible during an earthquake of the magnitude experienced in 1812.
Earthquakes belong to the class of most disastrous natural hazards. They result in unexpected and tremendous earth movements. These movements results from dissemination of an enormous amount of intense energy in form of seismic waves which are detected by use of seismograms. The impact of earthquakes leaves behind several landmarks including: destruction of property, extensive disruption of services like sewer and water lines, loss of life, and causes instability in both economic and social components of the affected nation (Webcache 2).
The death toll climbs to over 10,000 and is still rising (Branigan 2). The disaster in Japan began without warning on Friday March 11, 2011 at 2:46pm with a 9.0 magnitude earthquake, the strongest ever recorded in the country (Fackler 3). A massive thirty-three foot high tsunami, generated by the earthquake, swept over lands in northern Japan, taking objects and debris with it. To make matters worse, the tsunami caused the cooling systems at several nuclear power plants to fail. The disaster in Japan was a tragic event, and it had a plethora of causes and effects.
U.S. Geological Survey. Worldwide Overview of Large Landslides of the 20th and 21st Centuries. 6 December 2010. 3 February 2011 .