The Passion of Mountain Bikes
It has been a decade in the making, but the mountain bike has become a
passion for many people. Along with this passion it has also become the most
environmental way to get from point A to B. It has gone through a very intense
evolution process over the past decade.
It all started with some guys from California who took their bikes out
for a ride on their day off, they modified their bikes and turned a hobby of
theirs into a worldwide phenomenon. The mountain bike's rapid increase in
popularity was influenced by social and economic situations, and by
technological improvements that had the needs of bike riders in mind. The
introduction of the mountain bike at a bike convention in Long Beach, California,
early in the 1980's coincided with the need for a bike that combined technical
superiority, ease of care, and multipurpose use.
Technological advances came extremely fast after it's introduction into
the world. The advances have made riding mountain bikes easier, which makes it
possible for the rider to explore new terrain. I hope that this report will be
able to provide some information on the subject of mountain bikes and the
advances in technology that the bike has gone through, and what might be in the
future of the mountain bike.
The road bike has taken more than a hundred years to evolve into the
frame that it is being used on todays bicycle. Because of the increasingly
popularity of the mountain bike the demand for advances to be made have come
very rapidly.
The evolution of the mountain bike has been a stormy one over the past
decade. Within one decade the design has changed radically; this is due to three
reasons. First , because geometry and design were copied from the first "Stone-
Age bikes"; second, because off-road riding created different problems ; and
third, because innovative frame design mirrored the "spirit of the times": young,
new, dynamic, and strong. The off-road bike required extra stability.
Frame
It is important to know the basic frame geometry and how to measure it.
The combination of tube length and angle determines not only the maneuverability
of the bike, but also determines the seating position and the transfer of power.
Variances of 1° of the headset angle, or a 1' (2cm) difference in the distance
between the rear-wheel axle and the center of the bottom bracket, can have very
serious consequences.
Frame Geometry
The basic elements of frame geometry are: A- Height of the seat tube; B-
Length of the top tube; C- Seat-tube angle; D- Headset-tube angle; E- Trail, F-
The borders between the different forms are very fluid and the specific conditions are often misdiagnosed as a strong migraine, causing the patients to suffer significant pain before treatment is started. Which directly links to another problem: The treatment. Oxygen treatment seems promising, yet it is not readily available to the patients. Orally administered triptans are usually too weak and nasally administered triptans (e.g. ZOMIG) cannot be used in a sufficient frequency to relieve the pain during the whole day, especially in the case of Paroxysmal Hemicrania where attacks are generally of shorter duration yet of higher intensity. Therefore, patients still need to resort to taking a significant amount of painkillers which is medically problematic since an attack period can last up to several months or even years in the case of chronic conditions which 10-15% of cluster headache patients suffer from.
Since circumcision has so many risks, I would not recommend circumcision for my patients. Some risks include bleeding, pain, infection, loss of skin/wound
Afterwards, the parents sign a surgical consent giving the provider the approval to perform the procedure. The purpose of the circumcision is to remove the foreskin from the head of the penis, and allow the head of the penis to be exposed. The provider will use various supplies during the procedure such as an topical or injection anesthetic, a scapula to cut the foreskin, and one of three different clamps to hold the foreskin. According to Bcheraoui et al. (2014), studies have revealed that male circumcisions have an overall side effects rate of 0.5% if performed during the child’s first year of life, but increase up to 20 times that if performed after
With the opening of America’s first roller coaster in 1873, a new innovative market was introduced into the American industrial market. With it came a new set of challenges that pushed the limits of the engineering methods used at the time. Oddly enough though, America’s safest roller coaster ever built was also the simplest; the Mauch Chunk Railway was originally used to bring coal down the mountainside of a Pennsylvania mine. The now unused 2,322 feet of track was re-opened a few months later for the purpose of carrying passengers down the side of the mountain. The rail cars used did not have brakes or an engine; they simply used the force of gravity to take the train and its passengers, sometimes at speeds upwards of 60 miles per hour, down the side of the mountain until it came to a rest at the bottom. “The railway offered spectacular views of the Lehigh River and the Blue Ridge Mountains for the region's visitors to see. The area became a large Nineteenth Century tourist attraction and people came from all over to be thrilled by the M.C.R.” (Sandy). Throughout the ride’s 56-year span of passenger operation, not a single injury was reported. Since the ever-simplistic entertainment methods of the 1920’s, our industrial capabilities have grown in geometric proportions; however the one problem is they have been severely lagged by the safety and control systems that govern them. Recently, however, advancements in computer technology have yielded a drastic improvement in these control systems that have allowed ride designers to design increasingly safer and more reliable ride systems.
Phimosis is the inability for the foreskin to retract at the appropriate age because of how tight the skin is around the head of the penis. Phimosis is rare only affecting 1%-5% (glansie.com). Those suffering from this condition can also practice good hygiene, during urination the head of the penis is rinsed over. Urine is not sterile but it can help these individuals maintain a clean penis. If a sufferer develops complications from this disorder they can seek medical attention which results in part of the foreskin removed so that it becomes retractable. Trying to prevent a problem before it occurs can be helpful in some cases but cases such as this one it is
Migraine headaches affect an estimated 36 million Americans, or about 12% of the population, surpassing asthma at 8.3% (25 million) and diabetes at 7.8% (23.6 million). Migraines are much more common in women than in men--about 3 times more common. Nearly 30% of women will experience at least one episode of migraine headaches in their lifetime, most commonly in the third and sixth decades of life. However, migraines can affect anyone at any age and from any ethnic group. In addition to indirect expenses like missed work/school and lost productivity, the American Migraine Foundation estimates that migraines cost Americans more than $20 billion annually. Migraine sufferers are also more likely to experience anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, fatigue, and other pain conditions, and those who experience visual disturbances called “auras” associated with migraines are at an increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Unfortunately, there is no cure for migraines. The best treatment options available only to seek to reduce frequency of attacks or treat an attack once one has begun, and medication use is often limited by side effects and difficulty of administration. The American Migraine Foundation itself labels current treatment options “far from perfect” and concludes, “Undoubtedly, better treatments are needed.” Filling this therapeutic void is the primary objective of NuPathe Inc. (very recently acquired by Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.) with Zecuity®, a sumatriptan iontophoretic transdermal system.
Since male circumcision is a surgery there are certain risks involved. There is a 2-10% occurrence rate of key complications that involve hemorrhage, sepsis, fistula, meatal stenosis, removal of excessive skin and penile loss (5:2239), of which parents should be made aware.
Our patient Ms. Blum is a 28-year-old white female who presents with symptoms of a migraine, such as waking up by a severe headache that she states is often made worse when she turns on the light. In addition, Ms. Blum presents with several factors that can trigger her migraines including her lack of sleep, her stressful life as concluded by her statement that this has been a difficult period in her life and her approaching deadline to turn in her dissertation, her weekend alcohol consumption, her menstrual cycle since she notices that a couple of days before her period starts she experiences these headaches, also she states that food doesn’t seem to appeal to her and it takes her effort to eat a meal, and her diagnosis of major depressive disorder.
Anxiety is defined as a diffuse, internal, loose floating tension that doesn’t have a real danger or an external object. There is also a significant difference from the notion of fear. Fear usually has an outer object (a real fear of a snake, height or an unreal fear, when the danger is just imagined). Anxiety does not have an external object or external danger, but have an internal danger. Internal danger can be some intrapsychic conflict, impulse unacceptable to the ego, suppressed thoughts, etc.
Today, I want to share my knowledge on migraines with the help of three descriptions.
When Lance was thirteen, a couple of his friends and him were loitering by the Richardson Bike Shop (a local bike shop by his house), when they discovered a flyer for an Ironkid's Triathlon. He told his mother about the triathlon, and she bought him everything he needed for the race, his uniform, and his first racing bike; a slim, elegant Mercier road bike. Lance joined the Ironkids triathlon, and ended up winning without even training for it. Pretty soon, he was entering triathlons in the...
engineering feat for this project is a climber. It may seem like this is a simple extension of modern
The inmates were kept in cells by themselves and were not allowed to converse with other inmates, which was believed to avoid moral contamination among prisoners. Also, prisoners made handicrafts in their own cells, and were urged to read the Bible and repent in the evenings. After the state of Pennsylvania opened its first two prisons, the ideology of the Pennsylvania system came along. The Pennsylvania system was the “separate and silent” system because they believed if the inmates interacted with each other that it would permanently contaminate them. In 1817, New York opened a prison in Auburn and it was originally designed around the Pennsylvania model. However, the auburn system was known as the “congregate and silent” because they allowed for the inmates to work together during the day, but they had to stay separate and silent from each other at certain
Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman is a play that follows the troubles of a salesman named William “Willy” Loman, whose overzealous definition of true success inevitably leads to his suicide. I feel that a few of Willy’s unique characteristics contribute to his downfall, but that his unstable point of view and completely misconstrued concept of reality make the greatest contributions.
Colorism has became a huge issue in today’s society. Colorism is an issue because, it is a form of racism, it reflects back on the days of slavery, it is overall rude, and jail terms are affected.