MODERADOS Y PROGRESISTAS DURANTE LA MINORIA DE ISABEL: EL ESTATUTO REAL Y LA CONSTITUCION DE 1837
Tras la muerte de Fernando VII su hija Isabel fue proclamada reina.
Moderados y progresistas agrupaban de forma caótica a todos los liberales, los primeros incluso a algunos absolutistas moderados.
El 6 de Octubre de 1833 la regente Maria Cristina adoptó una medida para acercarse al liberalismo: la declaración de indulto general y de amnistía
El primer gobierno de Maria cristina estuvo presidido por Cea Bermúdez. Francisco Martínez de la Rosa dio el primer paso hacia las reformas políticas liberales.
El Estatuto Real tuvo vigencia de 1834-1836 tenia un carácter ideológico conservador. Es Soberanía Real. Estructuraba las Cortes en dos cámaras: El Estamento de próceres de designación real y el Estamento de procuradores que no llegaba al 0,2% del total de la población(sufragio censitario). No había declaración de derechos y las cámaras carecían de poder e iniciativa legislativa tampoco había separación de poderes.
La Constitución de 1837 tuvo vigencia de 1837-1845 tenia un carácter ideológico progresista y la soberanía es nacional. Hay separación de poderes por un lado el ejecutivo: el rey y el Consejo de Ministros y por otro el legislativo que eran las Cortes que se estructuraban el Congreso y Senado. El sufragio censitario era del 4,5 al 6% de la población.
Hubo declaración de los siguientes derechos del ciudadano:
1.Igualdad ante la ley: supresión de los privilegios: Se acaba con los privilegios fiscales de la nobleza y el clero. Todos contribuyen fiscalmente de manera proporcional a sus riquezas
2.Libertad económica: Para que la libertad económica fuera efectiva se suprimió la Mesta y sus privilegios. También se declaro la libertad de industria: cualquier español podría iniciar una actividad industrial sin necesidad de ningún permiso
3.Desvinculación y supresión de mayorazgos: El mayorazgo consistía en que las propiedades vinculadas a un titulo nobiliario trasmitían íntegramente al mayor de los hijos. Los demás solo podían aspirar a otras partes de la herencia. Era una manera de conservar la grandeza y el poder de las casas aristocráticas evitando que el patrimonio desapareciera como consecuencia de sucesivos repartos.
4.Desamortizaciones eclesiásticas: Supusieron la nacionalización de los bienes de la Iglesia. El Estado Liberal vendió los bienes desamortizados a particulares. Esta desamortización resultó ser un recurso financiero eficaz.
5.Política liberal y sociedad de clases: el sufragio censitario: El sufragio censitario consistió en que solo poseían derecho a voto aquellos que cumplían las condiciones de riqueza y de capacidad fijadas por la ley electoral.
...ospital, later, pays General Practice Affiliates a fee. This fee must be carefully establish. Finally, General Practice Affiliates must ensure that all payments are done on time. To ensure timely payments, General Practice Affiliates will impose financial penalties to the hospital for late payments.
Captivation or being restrained due to certain circumstances that prevents free choice is usually one of many great reasons to form revolutionary ideas. To get from captivation to liberation, one must consider change, a major component needed in order to gain freedom after enslavement. Latin America, in the eighteen hundreds, sought the need for change due to the resentment of the Spanish rule. Simon Bolivar, the revolutionary leader of Latin America, will seek independence from Spain. It was in Jamaica where Bolivar wrote a letter known as the “Jamaican Letter”, one of Bolivar’s greatest proposals. The letter emphasizes his thoughts and meanings of the revolution while envisioning a variety of governmental structures, of the New World, that could one day be recognized.
...t Spanish historians of America” (7). People in modern day Argentina will relate with these works of literature because their government system is still under the same idealized form that the past was trying to create. The people living today will see how the conflicts they deal with today regarding social class emerged in the late eighteenth century to nineteenth century. They will realize that the same conflicts they deal with are the same conflicts previous generations dealt with. The vision of the nation these authors illustrate might provide current Argentine citizens with a vision of how the nation of Argentina should be in the twenty-first century and later generations.
When the trial was happening, I had no idea who he was until the trial started. I had my Dad tell me all the details of who he was, and everything else I learned was from watching television. I was young, but I still knew that racism was awful. I looked upon the television to Simpson sitting in the trial and just thought, "Oh, okay." I know it 's hard to believe, but I wasn 't brought up to believe race had anything to do with whether people judged based on race, but this case was a 101 course in proving I was oblivious to the real world. However, what I did hear based on pure evidence was that this guy totally did it. There was too much evidence that proved he was involved, and the only reasonable doubt that was brought into the case was purely based on race.
“In the 1840s, a new generation of politicians emerged, challenging the persons and policies of those who had held power since the end of the 1820s” (Safford, 67). It was a political change in Latin America because before there were only caudillos that only filled the political role in a country and those caudillos still acted like the kings during the colonial period. With new liberals that challenged the norms at the time period led to radical changes, such in Mexico. Since the caudillos didn’t do much that was different that their former colonist rulers. After the Wars of Independence, caudillos came into power because of the liberalism failure to get away from the colonialism legacy. Many of these caudillos took advantage of the failure of these changes that were promised by liberals. Caudillos such as Jose Manuel de Rosas from Argentina took control over the country and caused many problems between the people. Even though Rosas brought order in Argentina, he failed because of the strict leadership and may people feared off until he left in exile to England in 1852. That is one of the differences is that caudillos were the leaders that still follow the colonialism legacy, while the new liberals in the 1840s were the ones that actually
In the end, it is clear that the Minoans are sought out to be the peaceful civilization while the Mycenaeans are warlike and power seeking. Despite the two civilizations tight quarters, they could not be any more different even though they borrow some cultural values. The Greek era was one of the first freely expressed populations but also one that has hardly any evidence
The Minoan archaeology is one which was surrounded by numerous controversies and this can be considered to be incomplete without the overall understanding of Sir Arthur Evans. The Minoan archaeology on its own has been present for several years however a true understanding of the culture and the culture was brought to life due to the efforts by Sir Arthur Evans. Heinrich Schliemann on the other hand was focused on the Mycenaean culture. Both these scholars were known to make a number of alterations to the artifacts, however for very different reasons and rationale. The main aim of this paper is to discuss their position in each culture and to discuss the possible rationale that these individuals had for making the alterations.
I believe the Mycenaean’s took advantage of the confused Minoans to invade, burning most of the palaces and keeping Knossos as the head installation. We know the Mycenaean’s are a war-like people, so the concept of invasion is not out of character. Their invasion is proved by the new pottery and introduction of Linear B tablets.
The Sentiments of the Nation is a defensive piece that lays the groundwork for Morelos’ Constitutional Decree for the Liberty of the Mexican America. The article has twenty-thre...
...ch should lead to additional investigation on a father's effect in all areas of the family. Researchers could look more deeply at the impact attachment plays in father son relationships and if or how a son's attachment to his mother was satisfying. Also, how these relationships impacted his choices of a female counterpart. Furthermore, different variables then satisfaction and attachment style could result in a deeper look at a daughter's relationship with her father and her romantic partner. Future researchers should revise this study by conducting a questionnaire to find out the comparable aspects between the father and the romantic partner. Another method that could be useful in conducting this research is an interview of the subjects. Interviews allow the researcher to obtain more personal information that could potentially affect the study in the long run.
Mexico declared its independence from Spain in Sept, 16, 1810, and for the next 100 years what followed was a period of political instability of rule under monarchies, federal republics and dictatorships. Finally in 1910, a revolt on the autocracy under Porfirio Diaz led to the start of the M...
This paper will explore why, for women of all kinds, the revolution against Diaz became a popular cause. It will also explore how various groups of women worked for revolutionary forces, why women of all classes were disappointed by their lack of progress, and how these groups of women were very separate from one another. Lastly, it will explore the post-revolutionary life of women in Mexico.
The role of the father, a male figure in a child’s life is a very crucial role that has been diminishing over the years. An absent father can be defined in two ways; the father is physically not present, or the father is physically present, but emotionally present. To an adolescent, a father is an idolized figure, someone they look up to (Feud, 1921), thus when such a figure is an absent one, it can and will negatively affect a child’s development. Many of the problems we face in society today, such as crime and delinquency, poor academic achievement, divorce, drug use, early pregnancy and sexual activity can be attributed to fathers being absent during adolescent development (Popenoe, 1996; Whitehead, 1993). The percentage of adolescents growing up fatherless has risen from 17% to 36% in just three decades between 1960 and 1990 (Popenoe, 1996). Dr. Popenoe estimates this number will increase to approximately 50% by the turn of the century (Popenoe, 1996). The US Census Bureau reported out of population of 24 million children, 1 out 3 live in a home without a father (US Census Bureau, 2009).
The Mycenaean civilization flourished for four hundred years in the late Bronze Age before collapsing in to small bands of subsistence farmers. Some historians attribute this decline to ‘the Sea People’ who terrorized the Egyptians, Anatolians and the Hittites. But could a mysterious people who left no archeological proof of their existence really bring about the collapse of entire civilizations?
Spain was once of the powerful nations in Europe. However, by the 20th century it was poor and backwards country where corruption was experienced on a commonly basis. After losing its overseas possessions Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico and Philippines during the Spanish-American War Spain was in a state of political tension due extreme measures of wealth, poverty and clearly social tensions. Essentially Spain was a deeply divided country during this time although it was a constitutional monarchy during 1920. During this year King Alfonso XIII remained as the royal figurehead however, Miguel Primo de Rivera was the dictator. The tension was between the right-wing Nationalists and left-wing Republican parties. The nationalist’s party was made up of monarchists, landowners, employers, the Roman Catholic Church and the army. The Republicans consisted of the workers, trade unions, socialists, and peasants. The nationalists were described as traditionalists and fascists, while the republicans were socialists and communists. The real political tension started occurring post 1930 when growing opposition to Miguel Primo de Rivera right-wing government started growing rapidly and leading to his resignation. Miguel Primo de Rivera was not able to solve Spain’s financial disaster from the result of the Great Depression, where unemployment rates increased drastically and Rivera never provided any solutions. Miguel was so unsuccessful throughout his dictatorship even the army refused to support his dictatorship. This then concluded in republican receiving the majority of the election votes, throwing out King Alfonso XIII the following year. The abdication of the King was the turning point; where Spain was now considered the Republic of Spa...