The Progress of Interstellar Travel
The (un)likelihood of extraterrestrial visitation is probably one of the
most debated aspects of the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis, the answer being
an essential component to the validity of the ETH. After all, the assumed
unlikeliness of interstellar travel has become the cornerstone of those
who resist the ETH as an explanation for UFOs. So, does extraterrestrial
visitation necessarily require all sorts of "unlikely" science, or is it
possible to accomplish interstellar travel using conventional wisdom?
"If we at once admit the foolishness of these perennially suggested
"impediments" to star flight, we will be on our way to understanding that
interstellar space does not need a bridge too far. Interstellar travel may
still be in its infancy, but adulthood is fast approaching, and our
descendants will someday see childhood's end"[1].
Opinions on the practicality of interstellar travel diverge, but the
negative and positive opinions are seen to stem primarily from the
differences in background of those people doing the studies. SETI
researchers think that the degree of dispersion of stars throughout the
galaxy, combined with the limitations of interstellar travel as we
understand general relativity, effectively preclude the feasibility of
extraterrestrial visitation, thus believing that any extraterrestrial
intelligence would only be transmitting their love and good wishes to us.
The other group, largely composed of physicists and engineers involved in
propulsion research, tends to believe that interstellar travel is
difficult, but not a barrier, or not difficult at all once technology
progresses [1]. Not surprisingly, the latter choice appears to be the most
defensible.
Quite a number of clever designs have appeared in print, describing
various methods of getting mankind to the stars. These include such
projects as the star probe Daedalus, a robot interstellar vehicle designed
by members of the British Interplanetary Society which uses nuclear fusion
power, or interstellar ramjets which scoop up their fuel between the
The period after World War One was very politically unstable. Many different kinds of governments, such as fascism and communism, were coming up all over Europe. One country that especially faced this political fluctuation was Germany. After the war, Germany was forced into a democracy known as the Weimar Republic, but this government soon collapsed and Hitler’s fascism took over. There were various factors that contributed to the fall of the Weimar Republic, but three major ones were the lack of popular support for the government, the lack of efficiency and internal organization, and the competition of other, more conservative parties such as the Nazis.
Depression is an illness within itself that affects the “whole body”. (Staywell,1998) The body, feelings, thoughts, and behavior are all immensely altered when someone is depressed. It is not a sign of personal weakness, or a condition that can be wished or willed away. For some people depression is just temporary, but for others it can last for weeks, months and even years.
After the First World War Germany recognised her first ever democratic government, the Weimar republic lasted from 1918 – 1933 an astonishingly long time given its turbulent start. The November revolution saw the election of soldier and worker councils similar to that of the Russian revolution in 1917, it spread across Germany like wildfire and in turn split the country before a democracy could even be instated nevertheless on November 9th 1918 the German republic was established. From then on The Weimar Republic was set on unstable and insecure path and this is why it is one of Germanys most important historical periods; it was Germanys earliest form of non-imperial government and rule and its collapse in 1933 paved the way for the rise of Hitler and the Nazi party. For these reasons there have been endless works published on the Weimar republic and the outpouring of literature post world war two focuses on the collapse of the Weimar republic and how the Nazi party came to power. However, to understand why the debate surrounding the Golden Era in the Weimar Republic is an interesting one and lacking in historical works, it is key to examine the historiography of the Weimar republic as a whole. Furthermore, to understand why historians focus on other periods in the Weimar’s history in particular the consequences of the treaty of Versailles and the consequences of the Wall Street crash in 1928 which led to its collapse.
Science fiction never ceases to amaze me as I take great enjoyment in exploring these creative universes. I have always had a great interest in military science fiction for its take on technological innovation and critical analysis. Military science fiction in general is very speculative about future of technology and warfare. The military science fiction genre also serves as a critique of contemporary politics as it deals with many of the same issues that go on today. This has made military science fiction one if the most well respected genres of science fiction for it ability to indirectly criticize modern society. My Integrated Project explores the relationship between how technology that has arisen from war has been some of the most innovative and why war has become an unshakeable aspect of human existence.
The Treaty of Versailles, which put an end to World War I, caused a number of positive and negative outcomes in Germany. Germany was in need of a democratic government in order to meet the harsh provisions of the Treaty of Versailles. Established by members from the Social Democrat Party in 1919, the Weimar Republic became the central power in Germany for the following years. The republic was found in the city of Weimar and was a replacement, so to say, for the imperial government that had previously stood as the central authority. Even though the Weimar Republic managed to lead Germany for 15 years, it experienced devastating drawbacks such as hyperinflation, lack of support from the public, and the constant efforts from different groups to overthrow the government; because of these factors, different political groups sought a resolution, such as overthrowing the government and pushing for a strong leader.
The causes of the failure of the Weimar government are multi-faceted. However, I assert that the Weimar government's inability to keep the people's confidence in their capabilities, which eventually rendered them obsolete, was fundamentally due to the threats from within rather than the external hazards. Through exploring the flaws in the constitution and the threats to the WG's authority from the outside, it will be proven that what brought the WR down were its intrinsic vulnerabilities , and that the external threats were only catalysts of their downfall; without the presence of the internal weaknesses in the first place, the external perils would not have been able to threaten the rule of the government.
Space is a frontier that mankind has sought to concur for many years, but up until now if the average person entertained the idea of venturing into space within their lifetime they would not have been taken seriously by most, if not all, reasonable people. However, within the last few months several events have taken place that may lead that reasonable person to rethink his position on the matter of, privately funded civilian space travel. All this is now possible because a few people who shared a common goal gathered together and decided to further their cause for the benefit of all mankind. "The X PRIZE Foundation was established in 1994 as an educational nonprofit organization dedicated to inspiring private, entrepreneurial advancements in space travel", and the sole purpose of its founders was , "to realize the dream of spaceflight for the general public" (Diamandis). What a great place the world would be if men like these were more common.
What does the end of Space Exploration mean for the future of American society? What does it mean that American youth will not have the chance to witness the launching of a space shuttle? What does it mean that the thousands of little boys and girls who whirled around with their Buzz Lightyears with dreams of being an astronaut will have to do so on foreign soil? What does it mean that Americans have lost their eagerness to explore? What it means is the end of an American style of living, the loss of voyage and gusto. Think about it, without explorers such as Columbus and Magellan, our world would seem quite small. Just like without Space Explorers such as Aldrin and Armstrong, our universe would seem quite small.
Participative budgeting has the advantage of transferring information from the subordinate to their superior This knowledge is likely to be more reliable and accurate as the subordinate has direct contact with the activity and therefore is in the best position to make budget estimates. Participative Budgeting also gives subordinates the opportunity to discuss organisational issues with superiors, in which an exchange of information and ideas can help to solve problems and agree future actions (Nouri & Parker 1998). This transferral of information is important particularly when dealing with a matter of high task difficulty as, the more difficult a task, the greater the need for consultation with subordinates. Participative budgeting has a higher performance rate when dealing with more difficult and more volatile tasks than non consultative budgeting (Lau & Tan 1998)
The Space Race began in or around the late-1950s, during the Cold War. The United States and Russia were both anxious to become the country to explore space. Unfortunately for the US, Russia launched the first artificial satellite and man-made object to orbit Earth, Sputnik. The launch of Sputnik surprised the United States, and we rushed to get our own space craft into space, and to beat Russia to anything else space related.
“On 2 August 1934, President Hindenburg died. Within an hour of his death Hitler announced that the offices of chancellor and president were to be combined and that he was the new head of state. Hitler’s adolescent dream of becoming Fuhrer of the German people had been realized” President Hindenburg’s death marked the official end of the Weimar Republic, a democratic ‘experiment’ that had lasted since 1918. The causes of the dissolution of the Republic are wide ranging and numerous, as was explained in the articles of both Richard Bessel, and John McKenzie. The two author’s agree on the sequence of events which led to the dissolution of the Republic, however, they disagree on what exactly caused the transition from Weimar to the Third Reich. The author’s disagreement stem from a differing view of the fundamental cause, political structure versus political leadership.
...never I want to! Daisy! Dai—. . . With a short deft movement Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand” (pg.41). Tom cares about power and what makes him powerful is his money. Like they say with money comes power and Tom sure felt that way. Tom is very wealthy and has power over the people in his life, it makes him in a sick way happy. Because Tom has this he never goes for the gold or dreams of a better life he and his wife could have.
Following the German surrender in November 1918, the Empire experienced a brief, but significant civil revolution. The German Revolution lasted from the end of the war until August 1919. During that time, a national assembly was held in the city of Weimar where a new constitution was drafted. A new federal republic (known as the Weimar Republic) was born and a semi-presidential representative democracy overthrew the monarchy of Kaiser Wilhelm II. The new government faced immediately faced a multitude of issues including political instability, reestablishing and maintaining international post-war relations, and severe economic turmoil – most notably the period of hyperinflation which occurred in the early 1920s.
Budgetary planning may differ between organizations. Single-period budgets and rolling budgets have methodologies that provide advantages and disadvantages that may make one budget time frame better than another. A single-period may require less time in planning during a fiscal year, but is less accurate than a rolling budget that is continuously planned on a repetitive basis. In either case, budgets are planned in advance in order for a company to operate profitably, and less so to have "actual results equal budgeted results." (p. 496)
Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) is a central figure in the development of observational cosmology. From 1922 to 1936 Hubble solved four of the central problems in cosmology.