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how attachment affects human development essay
parental /family influence in childhood development
Effect of parents on their children
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Investigating Father-Son and Mother-Daughter Bonding
INTRODUCTION
The study that I will be conducting for my Psychology coursework will
be on, parental bonding, specifically on mother/daughter and
father/son relationships. My question is “Do fathers bond better with
their sons rather than their daughters, and do mothers bond better
with their daughters rather than sons?”
John Bowlby was a psychoanalyst that worked from 1940 to 1080. He had
a theory that attachment is innate in both infants and mothers. This
means that it’s an inborn or natural occurrence. The formation of this
attachment is crucial for the development of the infant. It does not
matter about the sex of the child.
The key features of his theory was on the observation of young
animals, such as newly hatched ducklings, and noticed that they
followed their mother closely, everywhere she went. He proposed that a
human infant was also genetically programmed to form an attachment to
its mother. He also proposed that between the ages of 6 months and
three years, is the easiest time to form an attachment. Bowlby argued
that if an attachment has not formed during this time, it would
probably be too late. He also argued that the mother is biologically
programmed to care for her child and that the baby’s main attachment
is to the mother (or substitute mother). He proposed that the child’s
father had no direct emotional importance to the child.
Bowlby conducted his case study, by conduction interviews with a
number of emotionally disturbed juveniles. He researched the people
that he interviewed and looked at past school and medical records.
(Bowlby)
METHOD
My study will consist of two different methods of research. Firstly I
will conduct a survey of five students who live with both their
parents, and also on five adults who see their parents regularly. This
means I will need to write two different questionnaires, one for the
students (Appendix A) and one for the adults. (Appendix B)
For ethical reasons, before I started I asked the parents of the
"For what you see and hear depends a good deal on where you are standing: it also depends on what sort of person you are" (Lewis, 1955). This quote by C.S. Lewis (1955) focuses on the power of perception in one's life. In Elie Wiesel's (2006) novel Night, there is a specific perspective of the Holocaust, and in the film "Life is Beautiful" (2000), the perspective is completely different. Although the experiences within each story are quite different, both share the prominent topic of a father/son relationship throughout the Holocaust. However, the father and son were not the only characters who set the entire mood; the Jewish prisoners also added to each story. These different perspectives define each story, as well as the characters within. In the novel Night and in the novel "Life is Beautiful," the Holocaust is experienced both similarly and differently
The article Maternal Attachment Representations, Maternal Sensitivity, and the Infant-Mother Attachment Relationship (1998) is based on the link between a parent’s portrayal of attachment and the relationship between the parent and child. One of the elements that is central to attachment theory is a parent’s cognitive representation of a relationship is representative of the pattern of interactions expected with developing a relationship with his/her own child. The assumption was justified van IJzendoorn reviewed six- hundred sixty-one dyads, and the results yielded positively to support that there are associations between security and autonomy. Results further yielded the association between a parent’s attachment delineation and the relationship
The focus of this study is to see if infant form the same crucial attachment classifications to their fathers as they do to their mother and if the parenting style is linked to the attachment formed. Given the increase in stay-at-home fathers and the research done on the importance of early infant attachment on a child’s cognitive, social, and emotional development, it is a sound claim to make that looking at parenting styles and the attachments formed to fathers could provide great insight to an under-researched subject. It is hypothesized that parenting styles are linked to the attachment infants form to fathers, as the primary caregiver, and these attachments are much like the four identified styles found with mothers which can be observed in a strange situation.
According to Rothbaum, Rosen, Ujiie, and Uchida (2002), attachment and systems theories have similarities but remarkable differences: Attachment is between individual family relationships and systems affect the entire family, dyad attachments provide protection, care, and security, while the system of the family provides dynamics, structures, roles, communication patterns, boundaries and power differentials. Although attachment theory typically refers to a child-adult relationship and the systems theory focuses on family functioning, the latter is affected by attachment patterns within the family (Rothbaum et al., 2002).
cases one member of the family can either become the scapegoat of the family or
During the Holocaust, father and son relationships existed intensely, especially in the memoir Night by Elie Wiesel. Prior to being sent to the concentration camps, Elie had little to no relationship with his father. However, shortly after being taken in as prisoners Elie and his father form an undying bond with each other. They believe they should never be separated for any reason, even if it meant killing them both. In addition to this, they were certain that they should love each other unconditionally. However, when Mr. Wiesel dies, Elie sees no reason to continue living in the horrible concentration camps. Elie explains his reason to live, “My father’s presence was the only thing that stopped me…. He was running at my side, out of breath, at the end of
...ch should lead to additional investigation on a father's effect in all areas of the family. Researchers could look more deeply at the impact attachment plays in father son relationships and if or how a son's attachment to his mother was satisfying. Also, how these relationships impacted his choices of a female counterpart. Furthermore, different variables then satisfaction and attachment style could result in a deeper look at a daughter's relationship with her father and her romantic partner. Future researchers should revise this study by conducting a questionnaire to find out the comparable aspects between the father and the romantic partner. Another method that could be useful in conducting this research is an interview of the subjects. Interviews allow the researcher to obtain more personal information that could potentially affect the study in the long run.
The Adult Attachment Interview Protocol provided me the opportunity to sit here and interview myself on my own childhood experiences. I’m always interviewing or assessing others but never myself. This assessment allowed me the opportunity to see how different experiences throughout my childhood has affected me as an individual and as an adult.
Humanity has always reflected on the idea of its own demise in the near future and on the multiple scenarios that depict the end of times. This obsession has led to a very popular conception nowadays and it can be seen in many forms of media and literature. The vision of a dark and tragic future has penetrated our minds, giving birth to numerous conceptions and imaginings of an apparent doomsday scenario, which can be both fascinating and terrifying at the same time.
In each person's life much of the joy and sorrow revolves around attachments or affectionate relationships -- making them, breaking them, preparing for them, and adjusting to their loss by death. Among all of these bonds as a special bond -- the type a mother or father forms with his or her newborn infant. Bonding does not refer to mutual affection between a baby and an adult, but to the phenomenon whereby adults become committed by a one-way flow of concern and affection to children for whom they have cared during the first months and years of life. According to J. Robertson in his book, A Baby in the Family Loving and being Loved, individuals may have from three hundred to four hundred acquaintances in there lifetimes, but at any one time there are only a small number of persons to whom they are closely attached. He explains that much of the richness and beauty of life is derived from these close relationships which each person has with a small number of individuals -- mother, father, brother, sister, husband, wife, son, daughter, and a small cadre of close friends (Robertson 1).
The relationship between parents and their children is one of the most basic human interactions. Mothers and daughters provide both physical and emotional care for their young sons and daughters. In the process, parents will instill children with family values and goals, while teaching them the accepted norms and values of society. This is done in hope that parents will one day see their own children become mature adults, with their own goals and purposes in life.
Young people’s future and how they are going to act or communicate with other people they are going to meet in life are depend on their parental love. Parental love is really important for kids because it will shape them into who they are in the future. It gives the children the sense of love and how important it is to have someone take care for them. There are kids that do not know who their parents are or they do not get their parental love even though they live together. Some children resent their parents because their parents do not give them enough attention, time and care for them. They decided to spend their time on the street more than at home because they do not get enough attention from their parents. It’s the parental love that shapes kids into who they are, they want to be loved and care for, and who they want to be with.
The topic I have chosen for my paper is that of relationship between parents and children. Some of the points that I will be discussing are child abuse, child neglect and how it can affect a child and the relationship with the parents.
Diener, M. I. (2008). Attachment to Mothers and Fathers during Middle Childhood: Associations with Child Gender, Grade, and Competence. Social Development, 17(1) , 84-101.
An Analysis of Bacon's Essays - Of Parents and Children, Of Marriage and Single Life, and Of Love