Investigating the Bounce of a Tennis Ball after It Has Been Dropped From Certain Height
Aim
To investigate how high a tennis ball will bounce back after it has
been dropped from a certain height
How a Tennis Ball Bounces
As the ball is elevated the ball gains gravitational potential energy
equal to the ball's weight multiplied by its change in height1. When
the ball is dropped, the height decreases, and therefore so does the
gravitational potential energy. At the same time, the velocity of the
ball increases due to gravity, and therefore the kinetic energy
increases, as kinetic energy half the mass of the object (in this case
the falling ball) multiplied by velocity squared (Source: Physics for
You GCSE textbook). When the ball hits the floor the kinetic energy
goes into deforming the ball from its original round shape to a
squashed, oval shape. A tennis ball contains a rubber shell, which is
filled with compressed gas. The ball is most stable in a round shape,
so the gas inside expands to push the ball back to form the round
shape. This forces the outside of the ball to push out and therefore
bounce back up2. However, the ball will not bounce back to its
original height due to it losing energy as heat and sound energy when
hitting the floor.
Relevant Variables
The independent variable in this investigation is the height that the
ball is dropped from. The dependent variable that will be measured is
the height that the ball bounces back. The control variables that will
need to be kept constant if the results are to be as accurate as
possible are:
1. The weight of the ball; we will use the same ball throughout the
experiment to ensure that the results are as accurate as possible.
2. Material of the ball; as the ball is the same one used, this will
be kept the same also.
3.
I decided to use one type of ball, so the weight was constant. And the
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