Demonstrating How Surface Area and Volume Affect Heat Loss in Animals
Planning
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Aim: To investigate how surface area and volume of an animal affects
the amount of heat lost.
Planning a simple procedure
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One standard test tube, one boiling test tube, and one centrifuge test
tube will be filled with water at 40°C. A thermometer will be placed
in each tube to measure the decrease in temperature of the water. This
will be timed for 300 seconds using a stopwatch. The temperature of
the water will be recorded every 30 seconds.
Preliminary Work
A prior experiment similar to the one outlined above, was carried out
to determine the sizes of the test tubes. The surface area and volume
for each tube used were
§ Standard Test tube Surface area = 2.69 cm2
Volume = 18 cm3
§ Boiling Test tube Surface area = 5.73 cm2
Volume = 44.66 cm3
§ Centrifuge Test tube Surface area = 2.26 cm2
Volume = 14.58 cm3
The surface areas to volume ratio are as follows:
§ Standard test tube 1:6.69
§ Boiling test tube 1:7.79
§ Centrifuge test tube 1:6.45
The experiment determined which tubes should be used, and the amount
of water to be used.
Equipment
Standard Test tube
Boiling test tube
Centrifuge test tube
Test tube rack
Stopwatch
Thermometers x 3
Measuring cylinder
Kettle containing water
Diagram
Method
1. 8.9 cm³ of water will be measured using a measuring cylinder.
2. The water will be heated to 40°C using a kettle.
3. When the water reaches 40°C it will be poured into a test tube.
4. A thermometer will be placed in the test tube to measure the amount
of heat lost.
5. A stopwatch will be used. The temperature of the water will be
recorded every 30 seconds, hence there will be 20 readings.
6.
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