Investigating Factors Which Affect The Reaction Between Chalk and An Acid Introduction: Chalk is just one of many forms that calcium carbonate can take. It is made of the mineral remains of sea creatures from millions of years ago. It is quite soft, but solid. It reacts with hydrochloric acid like this 2 CaCO3 + 2 HCl → CO2 + CaCl2 + H2O producing Carbon Dioxide, which is what we measure in the experiment. There are different factors affecting the rate of this reaction, such as: * Temperature * Concentration of acid * Surface area of chalk * Pressure * Light intensity (this is a very small affect so it doesn't really count and I won't take it into account) * Whether a catalyst is present (in this experiment there isn't one anyway) (Note these factors affect the rate of the reaction, but not the final amount of carbon dioxide produced.) Why these factors affect it: higher temperature makes atoms move more so they are more likely to bump into each other and react. The more concentration or more volume there is of an acid, the more acid molecules there are that can react with the chalk. The larger the surface area of a solid, the more surface there is for acid to collide with and react with. Higher pressure pushes the molecules closer together, so it's quicker for them to collide with each other and therefore react (so raising the pressure is like raising the concentration). Every reaction needs a little "activation energy" to make it happen, and when catalysts are added they reduce the amount of activation energy needed. I have chosen to do concentration of acid because surface area is difficult to measure, pressure is hard to do in a school lab, and temperature could be dangerous e.g. if acid boils it could spit. Prediction: I predict that as I strengthen the acid (increase molarity) the
Investigation of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and marble chips A chemical reaction is when two or more substance called reactants are chemically bonded to form a new product, as a result of the process, for a reaction to take place, the particles must have enough kinetic energy to collide and form new bonds , this is called a successful collision. The minimum amount of energy needed for a successful collision is activation energy, which is “The energy that an atomic system must acquire before a process can occur”. Chemical reaction is different to a physical reaction, chemical reaction are not reversible and results in a new product, however a physical reaction can be easily reversed as it only changed its state. The activation energy is able to loosen particles and enable them to from new bonds to produce new products. The faster the molecules are moving the bigger the chance of a successful collision, so the faster and stronger the reaction will be , the more kinetic energy a reactant has the easier it is for the new bonds the collide and produce new bonds.
limestone chips, I will use 3g all the time and use 2 moles of acid.
It will be when there is too much HCl for the marble chips to dissolve
Text Box: Prediction I predict that as I increase the amount of chips the rate of reaction will increase because as the nuber of chips increases so does the surface area. Collision theory tells us that if the surface area of one of the reactants is increased then the reaction will speed up. This is because the acid particles have greater surface area to react with. This in turn means more carbon dioxide is produced.
How the concentration of an acid affects the rate of reaction on marble chips Background: These different speeds of reaction are referred to as their rates. The rate of reaction depends on how often and how hard the reacting particles collide with each other. Particles have to collide in order to react, and the have to collide hard enough as well. This is called the collision theory. When the temperature is increased the particles all move quicker.
Experiment is to investigate the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate Hydrochloric acid + Calcium Carbonate Þ Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide 2HCl (aq) CaCo3 (s) CaCl2(s) H2O (aq) CO2 (g) There are a number of variables in this experiment and these are listed below as input variables and outcome variables.
Investigating the Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Acid Introduction This is a test to demonstrate the reaction rate between marble chips (CaCO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Hopefully we will be able to prove that the concentration of the acid is directly proportional to the reaction rate. Aim To discover if the concentration of acid is directly proportional to the rate of reaction, by monitoring the amount of gas given off as the reaction takes place. Prediction We believe that the concentration of the acid will be directly proportional to the rate of reaction. We believe this due to the following theory: [IMAGE]The collision theory: This theory states that for a reaction to occur the reactant particles need to react with sufficient energy.
Investigating the Effects of Dilution on the Rate of Reaction Between Sodium Thiosulphate and Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
The Effect of Concentration of Acid on the Rate of Reaction With Calcium Carbonate Calcium + Hydrochloric ð Calcium + Carbon + Water Carbonate Acid Chloride Dioxide CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) ð CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l) Introduction I will be using the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid to see how the concentration of acid affects the rate of a reaction. By doing the above experiment I will prove that the higher the concentration of acid, the faster a reaction will occur. I have carried out a previous experiment called the 'Disappearing Cross', in which I used the reaction between thiosulphate, hydrochloric acid and water to see how concentration affects the rate of reaction. When we added the hydrochloric acid to the water and thiosulphate a reaction occurred, causing the water to become foggy so that the cross was no longer visible through the conical flask. The results for the Disappearing Cross experiment were as follows; Volume of Thiosulphate (Cm3) Volume of Water (Cm3) Volume of HCl (Cm3) Concentration (%) Time taken for X to disappear (seconds) 5 25 5 17 711 10 20 5 33 286 15 15 5 50 185 20 10 5 67 113 25 5 5 83 82 You can see that when the hydrochloric acid was most dilute the cross took 711 seconds to disappear, and when the acid was most concentrated the cross took just 82 seconds to disappear.
Investigating the Rate of Reaction Between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid Aim --- I will be investigating the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid. I intend to find the difference in the rate of reaction when I change the concentration of the Sodium Thiosulphate, as I am only changing the concentration of the Sodium Thiosulphate I will keep the concentration of Hydrochloric acid the same at all times. [IMAGE]Hydrochloric + Sodium Water + Sodium + Sulphur + Sulphur Acid Thiosulphate Chloride Dioxide [IMAGE]2HCl + Na S O H O + 2NaCl + SO + S Prediction I predict that from this experiment I will find that the weaker the concentration of Sodium Thiosulphate is to the concentration of Hydrochloric Acid, the longer the reaction will take to occur.
Investigating the Factors Influencing the Rate of Reaction Between Sodium Thiosulphate and Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
An investigation into how changing one variable influences the rate of reaction between marble chips and dilute Hydrochloric acid
Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid. The aim of this experiment is to find out how different variables affect the rate at which the reaction between Marble chips (CaCO ) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used. There are many variables that affect the rate of this reaction such as the following. 1.
The Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Calcium Carbonate
Looking at the table of results above and the graph, it is shown that the higher the temperature got, the shorter the reaction time. The obtained results have been plotted on a line graph of the temperature of hydrochloric acid (y-axis) against reaction time (x-axis). This line graph in fig.2 also clearly shows that as the temperature increases, so does the speed of the reaction, shown by a reduction in the time taken. This corroborates the collision theory, where as the temperature of particles increase, the particles gain more kinetic energy and react with each other upon collision. This is shown as to happen in the hydrochloric acid, where the hydrochloric acid particles collide more with the particles of the magnesium ribbon as the temperature was increased. The above graph shows a gradual sloping curve, which gets steeper at higher temperatures. This shows that the reaction will reach a peak rate of activity as the gaps between the temperature and reaction times continue to decrease. The experiment fulfills the aim and clearly shows that as the temperature of a reaction is increased so does it’s rate of reaction, proving the hypothesis to be correct.