Wayne Hunter, James Ellis, Dennis vanEngelsdorp, Jerry Hayes, Dave Westervelt, Eitan Glick, Michael Williams, Ilan Sela, Eyal Maori, Jeffery Pettis, Diana Cox-Foster, and Nitzan Paldi all had a hand in writing the research. The writers are associated with at many different and separate institutions. Educational institutions include University of Florida (UF), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI). Specifically, in UF the research is joined with the Department of Entomology and Nematology; in Penn State the research is partnered with the Department of Entomology; in HUJI the research is affiliated with Robert H. Smith Institute for Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture is Government affiliation used in the content of the research include the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Agricultural Research Service (ADS,) Florida Department of Agriculture all Bureau of Plant and Apiary all of which are located in Florida. In Maryland the study associated with the USDA, ARS, and the Bee Research Laboratory. Finally, the study is also affiliated with the company Beeologics INC. located in Miami Florida. The paper was published on December 23, 2010 in PLoS Pathogens. The paper is most likely aimed towards farmers and government. Honey bees, according the research, pollinate “52 of the world’s 115 leading agricultural crops… These crops represent 35% of the human diet (Hunter et al., 2010, p.1) If honey bees are dying due to the Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus it will directly affect the amount of food human have readily available today. Either, there will be newer more efficient ways to stimulate pollination using technology or the bees themselves have to be worked with.... ... middle of paper ... ...(Colony Collapse Disorder) did occur as a result of IAPV. (Hunter et al., 2010, p 4) Apparently the group is the first to apply the RNAi technology in such a large field. Other researchers have offered explanations to the causes of CCD. Previous findings included that “colonies affected by CCD are infected with larger numbers of pathogenic organisms than control colonies, yet no single pathogen was found associated with all colonies”(Hunter et al., 2010, p 1). The article does not suggest any further research but another large scale design such as this experiment should be done again. If this is the only kind available it is not a guaranteed finding until other researchers come up with the same data. Works Cited Large-Scale Field Application of RNAi Technology Reducing Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus Disease in Honey Bees (Apis meillifera, Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Albert Einstein once said, “The day bees vanish from earth… man will go not long after”. Not many people are aware, but honey bees are slowly disappearing all over the world. In 2016 the honey bees’ cousin, the Hawaiian yellow-faced bees were classified as endangered. It will not be long until the honey bee joins them at their current disappearing rate. Honey bees pollinate more than just flowers, they pollinate about a third of the world’s consumable crops. Without these tiny heroes the world would consist of a small amount of fruits and vegetables. There has not been common insight to the world about the disappearance, though many activists are fighting to save the bees. “There were nearly 3.5 million honeybee colonies in 1989…the number
Bees are known throughout the world as dangerous threats and pests to humanity. Bees when left alone are very important to the growth of all the worlds’ crops and plants; they affect the growth of all the crops plant just as much as butterflies and other pollinators. Humans rely on bees for honey and pollination of plants, but what most agricultural workers don’t know is that they are working on the extinction of the common honey bee by doing simple things in their every day jobs on the farm. With the use of pesticides and other harmful things such as an unnatural diet and cramped living spaces, bees can go extinct and without a large group of pollinators our plants ...
Honey bees not only make honey, but they also help pollinate crops worth more than $15 billion a year in the U.S. (NRDC). These small animals are extremely important for providing ecosystem services essential for sustaining biodiversity (Sandrock et al., 2014). However, since the mid-1980s, the honey bee populations have been suddenly declining. This decline is referred to as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) (Wu et al., 2011). There are numerous factors that result in CCD. One of the major suspected reasons is due to the exposure to residue of Neonicotinoids, found in nectar and pollen of the flowers. Neonicotinoids are insecticides that lead
To most, the honeybee can be an annoying insect that has a powerful sting. Yet, the honeybee is so much more than just another insect. The honeybee is arguably the most vital component in the development of our food crops. With roughly 90 percent of our food crops dependent on the pollination of our honeybees, our food system, agricultural development, and diet rest on the work and well being of these buzzing insects. Unfortunately, since 2006 there has been a major decline in the population of honeybees, and has gotten progressively worse because of colony collapse disorder. The first reported increase of CCD was documented in November 2006 in Florida. By February 2007, several states began reporting major losses associated with CCD, ranging from 30% to 90%. A little over a half decade later in 2012 the attention paid towards CCD has grown substantially with more research being done as CCD continues to get worse. The main culprit for CCD, as research has suggested, is the use of pesticides on our food crops. With major corporations such as Bayer making millions and millions of dollars in profit each year in the distribution of pesticides, it is no wonder that nothing is being done to stop this practice despite evidence linking the use of pesticides and the drastic deterioration of the health of honeybees. With the continuation of the use of deadly pesticides and the vital role bees play in the pollination and development of our food crops, both the environment and our economy will be effected directly and face the potential for catastrophic results.
Over time, many bees have been disappearing and their population has been decreasing drastically. These ubiquitous species are mostly known to produce honey, however they do much more than that. Bees are an essential part of the environment and play a huge role in agriculture. They pollinate flowers and about ⅓ of the food we eat depends on bee pollination. Not only humans depend on bees too, but animals do too,and we depend on most of those animals. The pesticides used on flowers and other factors that have contributed to the decrease in the population of bees need to be stopped before this problem goes too far out of reach. This decrease can only be described as Colony Collapse Disorder and it will have severe consequences if it is not controlled.
United States. Department of Agriculture. Honey Bees and Colony Collapse Disorder. Washington D.C.:, 2013. Web. http://www.ars.usda.gov/News/docs.htm?docid=15572.
The Apis Mellifera, or honey bee, have survived on this planet for fifty million years. This species of bee is responsible for pollinating flowers, grass, trees and crops around the world. Much of the food we eat is dependent on honey bees for pollination. Our ecosystem depends on the survival of the honey bee. Colonies of honeybees have been disappearing at an alarming rate around the world due to parasites, viral and bacterial diseases, and the introduction of pesticides and herbicides. Over the past six years, on average, 30 percent of all the honey bee colonies in the U.S. died off over the winter of 2012(NPR/TED). If this trend continues to spiral downward, honey bees will disappear from the world. We must understand the importance of the Honey bee and change our environmental practices in order to sustain this vital insect.
Pollination is one of the most important roles played by insects in the natural world. One great contributor to this natural phenomenon is the everyday Honeybee. Honeybees survive off the honey made from plants nectar. They also help us humans survive by pollinating flowering plants, allowing them to produce 1/3 of the fruit and vegetable crops consumed. Honeybees are mysteriously declining in their numbers, there are many different theories or ideas as to why this is happening. Some experts say microwave radiation from our mobile devices and satellite towers. Others suspect the pesticides and herbicides. Most humans see the misunderstood bees as big stingers with wings, but do not take into consideration that the honey they put in their tea that morning came from the honeybee. Also, nonnative bee species such as the African honey bee threaten native species, humans and livestock when introduced. Bees are one of the biggest contributors to the survival of thousands of species of animals including humans, yet they are one of the smallest and fragile species in the animal king...
Honeybees around the world are dying at a fast rate and it is creating world-wide controversy. Scientists have found it could be from a reason of things such as pests, parasites, loss of genetic diversity and much more. Whatever the reason, there will be an outcome if not stopped. Scientists from all over are trying to help find a solution for this horrific topic. There are not much people who know the importance of honeybees in our ecosystem. Most people just think their only purpose is to make honey but how else could the collapse of honeybees really affect us? If honeybees go extinct it will be detrimental to the human existence.
The collapse of the honey bee population is an issue that is rarely talked about, and few realize the effect it has on each of us personally. In America the honey bee is responsible for pollinating almost every food that is seen in the grocery store. The population of this interesting insect has been on a decline for over a decade. According to United States Department of Agriculture, “The total number of managed honey bee colonies has decreased from 5 million in the 1940s to only 2.5 million today”. The debate is not if the honey bees are truly disappearing, there is enough evidence to be found that there is a decline in total population. The true question is why are the hives collapsing? Scientist have devoted many hours trying to find the one true cause, no clear answer has presented itself. Amongst the beekeeping community three major reasons for the collapse of the honey bee are the most accepted, which are pest and diseases, the use of poisons such as herbicides and pesticides, and lastly the human impact such as bad beekeeping practices and urbanization.
With devastation around the globe, it is no wonder that bees have only recently become an importance. Consequently, the bees’ current situation is now considered a global issue, risking the health of our ecosystem and health of the human race. There is a need for people to recognize just how significant the decline and possible extinction of bees will affect us, and the impact it will have on not only the ecosystem, but also the high demand of key crops, fruits, and vegetables. In the articles “Bees in Decline” by Reyes Tirado, Gergely Simon, and Paul Johnston, and “Bee-Ware Investigating Bee Colony Decline and its Ecological Effects on Human Health” by Daryl A. Mangosing, both authors have imperative evidence to support their main ideas.
The first reports of a massive number of bees dying off were reported in the 1990’s, but the disappearances did not gain much attention until the late 2000’s. Scientists were baffled as a large number of seemingly healthy bees would abandon their hives and never return. The issue of the disappearing bees became so severe that one third of all the honeybee colonies in the United States were lost, and scientists still could not pinpoint an exact cause for the deaths of so many bees, however they were able to come up with a few possible theories. Deeming the decrease in bees the Colony Collapse Disorder, or CCD for short, researchers believed that the mass disappearance could have been caused by a number of interwoven factors, one of which is global warming. Changing climates and weather patterns due to global warming causes certain species of flowers to bloom either earlier or later than usual, which means that bees are not always provided with the pollen and nectar they desire when they emerge from hibernation, and in addition to this, global warming has been known to cause harsh winters and extremely hot summers which adds stress to the honey bee’s life (Bee Facts).
Think for a moment of a world without bees; a world without our buzzing friend. They might look like they barely do much to help our ecosystem. However, bees are a vital part of our agriculture and this makes it vital that we keep them around. The bee population decline in recent years is troubling for both us and our little friends. As their friends, we must do all we can in order to ensure their survival which in turn will ensure our own.
Oldroyd, B.P. . What’s Killing American Honey Bees? PLoS Biology. Volume 5, Number 6, 12 June 2007, e168.
What led to the sudden decline happened in recent years? Because there are no bee bodies for anatom...