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Cognitive behavior therapy overview
Cognitive behavior therapy overview
Behavior therapy
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In treating couples that are experiencing relationship discord due to a decrease in physical affection and attachment injuries, therapists must explore the areas that have increased this disconnect in the individual and the couple. Several areas can be addressed in providing the tools to the couple to create their own language of love. A genogram that explores attachment styles, touch and emotion can act as a focal point to addressing the system. After exploring the genogram, combinations of Emotion Focus therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy can be utilized to enact change in the interaction of the system. Once the attachment is identified, then touch and bonding can be explored to develop further the picture of the couples functioning. The focus can expand on both members of the couple’s tangible expression and if there is any overlap. Lastly, the emotional probes are explored to determine the emotional intelligence of the individuals and their willingness to express themselves. By
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Attachment styles need to be addressed in addition to the trauma experienced. As a therapist, I would utilize a combination of Emotionally Focused Therapy interventions for couples identified with the combined genogram, EFT is interpersonal and increases the experience and process of the therapy (Johnson & Johnson, 2004). It requires the participants to be emotionally engaged and encourages openness and connectedness. Its lowest level focuses on the innate need to connect and builds from that starting point. Moreover, EFT addresses the individual in the relationship by building autonomy and removal of personal blame. EFT addresses attachment from an adult lens, not adolescence, incorporating the sexual and reciprocal aspects of adult love relationships (Johnson and Johnson,
Psychotherapy integration is best explained as an attempt to look beyond and across the dimensions of a single therapy approach, to examine what one can learn from other perspectives, and how one’s client’s can benefit from various ways of administering therapy (Corey, 2013). Research has shown that a variety of treatments are equally effective when administered by therapist who believe in them and client’s that accept them (Corey, 2013). Therefore, one of the best aspects of utilizing an integrative approach is that, in most cases, if a therapist understands how and when to incorporate therapeutic interventions, they usually can’t go wrong. While integrating different approaches can be beneficial for the client, it is also important for the
The validity was not enough for the whole research. For the questionnaire part, it is valid at that time. Questionnaire items represented the personal visions of two panels of students and faculty about the ideas of love and like. Those questions were chosen under a serious consideration and related to the concept of love and liking. However, some questions are not suitable to use nowadays and this will be discussed below. For the experiment, it was not valid. The author used the eye contact to assess the couples’ visual behavior but it was not a good measurement. Some mature couple would develop into deeper relationship and have closer contact such as hug. Eye contact may not be a way or necessary for them to communicate but this didn’t mean that they were not close.
Emotionally focused therapy is designed to be short-term in structure. Developed principally by Dr. Susan Johnson, the main target of this type of therapy is couples and is focused on expressing emotions. The primary goal of emotionally focused therapy is to create a safe and long-lasting bond between romantic partners and family members while expanding and restructuring significant emotional responses. Partakers in emotionally focused therapy are emboldened to express their thoughts and emotions in a safe environment without fear of judgment. In this paper, we will discuss a therapy session between Sue Johnson and a couple, Leslie and Scott.
...s one with the knowledge necessary to incorporate methods for evoking change and empathize. It becomes easier to understand how certain maladaptive behaviors are developed as certain characteristics are learned patterns and not solely based on one’s personality. There are very many areas of attachment that need to be studied. As the population of minorities, working mothers, single parent homes, and children in the foster care system rise the ability to assess their ability to attach as well as develop new attachments is crucial. The works by Bowlby, Ainsworth, and Main have provided me with new interest in the attachment styles of children to their caregivers. It has allowed me to adjust the way in which I interact with my own daughter and other children in my presence to help establish new and beneficial adult attachments so that they can grow and feel empowered.
Admittedly, many psychologists define attachment as an enduring, affectionate bond that one person forms between himself and another person throughout life. Mary Ainsworth provided the most famous research: strange situation, offering explanations of individual differences in attachment. However, in this Adult Attachment Style questionnaire that I took, I found many factors relevant to attachment as defined in the textbook. For example, in the textbook, it defines attachment based on Ainsworth research, the strange situation by observing attachment forms between mother and infants. They are described in four attachment styles: securely attached, insecure avoidant, insecure resistant, and insecure disorganized.
Acknowledging, the importance of attachment has been in helpful development of couples therapy, in particular to Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFT), “where it helps explain how even healthy adults need to depend on each other,” (Nichols, 2013, p. 62). EFT is an empirically validated experiential therapy model that works with emotion to create change. EFT therapists use “attachment theory to deconstruct the familiar dynamic in which one partner criticizes and complains while the other gets defensive and withdraws,” (Nichols, 2013, p.63). Research has demonstrated the importance of attachment in individuals. It is not solely a childhood trait attachment is a trait that individuals carry for the rest of their lives. Nonetheless, it is important to work on the attachments with families and couples in order to alleviate some of the negative interactions that arise from feeling a fear of losing the attachment with
The attachment style that a child endures with their mother initially begins before the child is even born. In the mother’s womb, the infant becomes aware of their mother and father’s voices, where they begin to develop a bond with them and feel nurtured and comforted by the things they hear their parents sing and speak to them. According to Bowlby, the development of attachment takes place in four different phases and are reinforced as they grow older from the Preattachment (birth to age 6 weeks), attachment-in-the-making (age 6 weeks to 8 months), clear cut attachment (between 8 months to 1 ½ years of age) and the reciprocal relationship (from 1 ½ or 2 and on). As the child grows older, then begin to understand their parent’s feelings and motives and are able to organize their efforts and reciprocate the same i...
The first stage of the cycle is the man experiences rejection by his current partner. The past experience of rejection by the man's previous attachment relationships will be able to detonate by contact with his current partner's behaviour of rejection. Brown et al. (2010) pointed out that previous experiences of rejection weaken a man's ability to cope with present rejection. Such experiences include excessive rejection, punishment, neglect and abandonment. According to Bowlby's attachment research (as cited in Bretherton, 1992, p. 769), repeated threats of rejection may lead to excessive separation anxiety. Thus, an anxiously attached man tends to be the one being rejected or abandoned several times by parents or previous partner in his past life experience. Substantial research has been carried out which indicated a link between attachment style and man's abusive behaviour (Brown et al., 2010). Other than that, a man received excessive punishment during their childhood is more likely a troublesome individual (Fergusson & Lynskey, 1997). Therefore, when a m...
Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P.R. (1999). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. New York: The Guilford Press.
In addition to the title of the articles, “A Qualitative Study of Intensive Filial Intervention Using Child-Parent Relationship Therapy” (Socarras, Smith-Adcock, & Shin, 2015) and “Quantitative Analysis of Long-Term
Gurman, A. S., & Fraenkel, P. (2002, Summer). The history of couple therapy: A millennial review. Family Process, 41, 199-260. Retrieved from http://proquest.umi.com
Norton, J. (2003). The Limitations of Attachment Theory for Adult Psychotherapy. Psychotherapy in Australia, 10(1), 58-63.
Historically, reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is considered to be a rare disorder (American Academy of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP), 2011). Clinical disorders of attachment did not appear in the DSM until the third edition, published in 1980 (Zeanah et al., 2004). In the fourth edition of the DSM (text revision), reactive attachment disorder was described from two different perspectives: inhibited form and disinhibited form. It was suggested that the different forms of...
Brenning, K.M. & Braet, C. (2013). The emotion regulation model of attachment: An emotion-specific approach. Personal Relationships, 20(1), 107-123. Doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2012.01399.x
Swim, T. Investigating Attachment Quality: Typical and Atypical Scenarios. [Online]. [Accessed 17 December 2013]. Available from: http://www.cfs.purdue.edu/ITSI/conferenceDocs/08/Swim-Investigating_Attachment_Quality.pdf.