The Bay Area and Earthquakes What have they learned since the quake quite allot. The fault moved in a fashion that geologists of the time did not expect: it moved horizontally, the southwestern side slipping to the northwest, relative to the southeastern side. "The 1906 earthquake marked the dawn of modern scientific study of the San Andreas fault system." (USGS) When the 1906 earthquake struck scientist set forth to make observations on effects of the quake. The final report published in 1908 (commonly known as the Lawson Report) was a compilation on detailed reports. Today this document remains in highest regards among seismologists, engineers and geologists. It is said to be a benchmark for the future, and integrated investigation into the effects of earthquakes in the U.S. Reid also on the Lawson commission, and his "theory of elastic rebound" are significant observations in earthquake research. Although one would think that the Bay Area with it's history of plate tectonic motion would be well prepared for the next quake. But, a powerful quake struck the Bay Area October 17, 1989. Damage for this San Francisco Bay Area quake are close to 4 billion. The quake is said to have been a record in deaths. Due to the hazard that earthquakes cause, a hazard consultant becomes a critical part of producing a earthquake safe environment. In a nuclear facility that in itself is a danger, an honest and through examination of the facility is important. Their are different procedures that different industries have to adhere to. Nuclear facilities most likely rate first on facility that must be well equipped to handle an earthquakes. These are the procedures that hazard consultant must go through when reviewing different nuclear sites. Bibliography: Works Cited Ritchie, David. The Encyclopedia of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Facts On File, Inc 1994 Lomnitz, Cinna. Fundamentals of Earthquake Prediction. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1994 Gordon, Thomas and Max Morgan Witts. The San Francisco Earthquake. City, Stien and Day, 1971 Stienbrugge , V. Karl.
The scenario mentioned above was based on the rupture located along the Cascadia fault line. This fault system runs from Northern California to Vancouver Island about 700 miles off the shore (FOX5). Scientists use to believe that the San Andreas Fault was where a large earthquake tsunami would originate, but recently their attention has shifted to the Cascadia subduction zone which is now said to be much more dangerous than previously thought (FOX5). Recent earthquake events have added even more tension and possibility for a large-scale tsunami. On March 10, 2014, a 6.8 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Northern California, which put a lot of stress on the Mendocino Triple Junction (Davidson). The Mendocino Triple Junction is where three tectonic plates collide, and is very unstable (Davidson). This junction has all this built up pressure and is about ready to explode. Scientists believe that this junction will be the origin of a tear along the 680-mile long Cascadia Subduction Zone. (Davidson). The disaster that follows will be considered the United State’s largest modern-day earthquake.
I think being prepared and educated will save many lives if and when we get the big one in the Cascadia region. Works Cited http://www.crew.org/cascadia http://www.crew.org/sites/default/files/cascadia_subduction_scenario_2013.pdf http://www.pnsn.org/outreach/earthquakesources/crustalfaults www.iris.edu/hq/files/programs/education_and_outreach/aotm/5/2.Subduction_Rebound_Background.pdf www.crew.org/sites/default/files
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was one of the largest earthquakes in the United States. Even though it only lasted less than a minute, the damages and aftermath of the earthquake were disastrous. These damages were not just from the earthquake, but also from other hazards that occurred because of it. It also had a huge effect on the people living in San Francisco. Many people, the government, and other countries helped the city of San Francisco with relief goods like food and clothing. The city used up their resources in order to rebuild the city and spent a lot of money. This earthquake also started a scientific revolution about earthquakes and its effects.
New Madrid earthquake of 1811-1812 was known to be “one of the most powerful earthquake felt throughout the Eastern United State”(2,75) . “December 16, 1811 at 2 a.m”(1). , the first earthquake had struck in the Northern part of Arkansas through Missouri. “This earthquake occurred in Central Mississippi Valley”(2,2) . New Madrid fault is located in the northern part of Missouri and southern part of Illinois. On the morning of December 16, 1811, when the earthquake struck; “people were scared”(10,26) , they ran out of their houses as the trees were falling onto the ground and the ground was breaking up. After the earthquake ended, around 7 a.m., one of the largest aftershock occurred and it was known to be a destructive shock because
Heller, Arnie. "The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake." Science & Technology (2006): 4-12. Web. 8 May 2014.
The San Francisco Earthquake commenced at five thirteen o’clock in the morning, with the epicenter offshore of San Francisco. The city carried more than 400,000 people during this event (Earthquake of 1906, 1). Most of the
Healy, J. H., Rubey, W. W., Griggs, D. T., & Raleigh, C. B. (1968, September). The Denver Earthquakes. Science, 161(3848), 1301-1310. Retrieved from JSTOR database.
After the Second World War seismometers were installed into the earth and showed that
U.S. Geological Survey. "The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake." The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake. United States Geological Survey, 18 July 2012. Web. 01 Mar. 2014.
There was a massive earthquake in San Francisco during the year of 1906. The country of United States went through great loss because of this massacre. Nearly 250,000 people had become homeless as the result of this great earthquake. Winchester pointed out the question: How unprepared was America when this disaster hit? He compared the San Francisco earthquake to the Katrina hurricane in 2005.
"The Great Quake: 1906-2006 / Rising from the Ashes." SFGate. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 May 2014.
Earthquakes occur around us all the time. Most are too small to notice and cause little to no damage. However, every so often large earthquakes do occur. Large earthquakes leave catastrophic damage a...
On December 26, 2004, the pressure became too much for the plates to bear (Doc. 8); the plates violently snapped. This sent massive vibrations, which are collectively called an earthquake, through the Earth’s crust. These seismic waves travelled all the way from the sea to land, wreaking havoc in their paths. Though earthquakes are always dangerous, they can have a far more ...
In this paper I will discuss what an earthquake is and what causes an earthquake. Now an earthquake is also known as a quake, tremor or temblor and is the perceptible shaking of the surface of the earth. Furthermore, this can be so violent that it can destroy major buildings as well as kill thousands of people when they happen. When an earth happens they can be ranged from a small shaking tremor that can barely be felt by anyone to a major quake that is so violent that it throws people around. In the world today there have been earthquakes that have totally destroyed entire cities. Now all of this is done because there is a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust and it creates seismic waves. These waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth’s layers which result in the earthquake and sometimes an explosion or even a volcano. Therefore, when an
To begin with earthquakes can happen around the world. A 6.3 earthquake destroyed historic buildings in Italy. On January 12, 2010 a powerful 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti and left a powerful impact on people. It caused people to die and made people want to help the people of Haiti. Five years ago one of the largest earthquakes on record ripped through eastern Indian Ocean. Last year a strong earthquake measuring 6.1 in magnitude struck Iran. Only four states never have had an earthquake and those s...