Introduction
Tonsils are two stacks of tissue located at the back of the throat, whose main role is to trap harmful foreign materials that enter through the mouth and the nose from entering in the respiratory system (Burton 36). Tonsils are of different sizes from one person to another, and their performance is affected by their size. According to Hareyan (1), tonsils are highly susceptible to most throat infections as a result attack by viruses and bacteria. One of the major infections of tonsils is tonsillitis which is caused by ‘Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci’. It is important to note that, tonsil infections are more prevalent in children and young teens. When tonsil infections are not treated in time, they lead to sore throat complications which may make it hard for individuals to concentrate on their normal activities.
Common Tonsil Infections
1) Tonsillitis
One of the most popular tonsil infections is ‘tonsillitis’ which is caused by both bacterial and viral pathogens. According to Simon (81), the inflammation of tonsils by streptococci bacteria causes swellings and reddening of the tonsils. Since this infection is mostly associated with young teens and children, it has been a major cause of school absenteeism among school-aged children since the throat becomes hypersensitive to any solid materials. Quite importantly, swallowing of materials from the mouth becomes a major problem among the victims of ‘tonsillitis’ (Burton 39). Notably, tonsillitis has been revealed to reoccur in most cases, necessitating surgical operations to remove them. However, great care should be taken while removing the tonsils since in cases of poor operations; severe complications are usually experienced by the victims of the infection...
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A tonsillectomy was once a common procedure to treat infection and inflammation of the tonsils (tonsillitis). Today, a tonsillectomy is usually performed when tonsillitis occurs frequently or doesn't respond to other treatments. The procedure is usually performed as an outpatient surgery. That means the patient should be able to go home the day of the surgery. A complete recovery usually takes seven to 10 days.
Works Cited
Burton, Jackson. Transillectomy. London: Routledge Publishers, 2009.
Hareyan, Armen. Understanding Tonsils and Strep. Aug 20, 2007. June 25, 2011.
Simon, Berger. “Bacterial and Viral Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract.” In Dale, David. ACP Medicine, 79-91. New York: Professional Publishing, 2006.
Wetmore, Richard. “Tonsils and Adenoids”. Journal of Pediatrics. 23.7, (2007): 321-338.
Suh JD. & Kennedy DW., 2011. Treatment Options for Chronic Rhinosinusitis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 8, 132-140
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Sinus cavity and extraction sockets were totally excluded from this classification because the healing process h...
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Every human has microbiomes that are personalized for the individual and are extremely important to maintaining a good health standing, however, these microbiomes can be capable of contracting a disease. One of the most common areas for these microbiomes to contract something that could be harmful to the person’s health is called the oral microbiomes, which are found in the mouths of humans. Within the biofilms of the oral cavity, rests these oral microbiomes that maintain a healthy equilibrium in the mouth. However, if not taken care of properly, oral microbiomes can be taken over by a pathogen that can quickly turn the state of the person’s mouth from a healthy equilibrium to a very unhealthy equilibrium (1). Some bacteria found in the oral cavity can be an extremely danger.
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Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive and fast-growing bacteria which inhabit upper respiratory tract in humans. Moreover, it is an aerotolerant anaerobe and usually causes respiratory diseases including pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis, peritonitis, paranasal sinusitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis (Todar, 2003). According to Tettelin et al., more than 3 million of children die from meningitis or pneumonia worldwide (2001). S.pneumoniae has an enzyme known as autolysin that is responsible for disintegration and disruption of epithelial cells. Furthermore, S.pneumoniae has many essential virulence factors like capsule which is made up of polysaccharides that avoids complement C3b opsonization of cells by phagocytes. Many vaccines contain different capsular antigens which were isolated from various strains (Todar, 2003). There are plenty of S.pneumoniae strains that developed resistance to most popular antibiotics like macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and penicillin since 1990 (Tettelin et al., 2001). Antibiotic resistance was developed by the gene mutation and selection processes that, as a consequence, lead to the formation of penicillin-binding proteins, etc. (Todar, 2003).
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- The patient will continue to secrete mucous due to medical condition exacerbated by infection, however it will provide patient comfort in the short term.
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Otitis media, commonly known as an ear infection, is an infection located in the middle ear, commonly diagnosed in children. In 2006, approximately nine million children (age zero to seventeen) were reported to have otitis media, while medical costing to treat otitis media peaked at $2.8 billion dollars (Soni, 2008). Costing and statistics of otitis media will continue at the increasing rate due to the commonality of the infection. As a result of increasing cases of otitis media, an understanding of the disease’s classifications, causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatments will inform one of the diseases presences.