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Different between prions, viruses and bacteria
Different between prions, viruses and bacteria
Different between prions, viruses and bacteria
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Many people get viruses, prions, and bacteria confused in multiple ways. However, these are different in several aspects, and once informed about them, people should no longer get them mixed up. For example, the most important and most unique differences between bacteria, prions, and viruses is that bacteria is a living organism, prions are not living organisms, and the debate regarding the living status of viruses has been, and still is, running on without the slightest sight of a resolution. Other pieces of evidence differentiating these is the way they reproduce, the way that they look, as in their shape and size, and the diseases that they cause and can help cure. In the past fifty years medical and technological information has increased majorly, revealing more knowledge and insight as to the similarities and differences between viruses, bacteria, and prions.
The first topic of discussion is the different structure types and sizes of these different organisms. Bacterium can appear in a few different shapes when you observe it under a microscope. The first of three is a spherical shape. The scientific name assigned to this type of bacteria is coccus (plural: cocci). Coccus is a term that means a berry. Many berries are in the shape of a sphere and this is why scientists designated it this name. Secondly, there are bacteria that exist as a rod shape. These are called bacilli (singular: bacillus), meaning a little stick. Lastly, and most uniquely, there are certain bacteria that are in the form of a spiral. The name given to these is spirillum (plural: spirilla), meaning spiral or coil. As for the way bacteria lives with other bacteria, it can exist on its own, in a pair, diplo-, in a group, staphylo-, or in a chain, strepto-....
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...d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. .
• Panse, Sonal. "Difference Between Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles: How Viral Infections Spread." Bright Hub. Bright Hub, 21 Jan. 2010. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. .
• "Typhoid Fever." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 14 May 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. .
• "About HIV/AIDS." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 12 Feb. 2014. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. .
• "CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Classic)." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 11 Dec. 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. .
Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by the gram-negative organism Salmonella typhi. It is transmitted through fecal-oral or urine-oral route by either direct or indirect contact of the carrier’s or infected individual’s feces or urine. Humans are the only source of this organism. Ingestion of
Bacteria can function and reproduce as single cells but often combine into multicellular colonies. Bacteria are also surrounded by a cell wall. Archaea differ from bacteria in their genetics and biochemistry. Their cell membranes are made with different material than bacteria.
"HIV/AIDS Basics." AIDS.gov. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Web. 18 Jan. 2012. . Regularly maintained by the U.S. Dept. of HHS
In sporadic CJD, the disease occurs even though the affected does not have any known risk factors that would cause an occurrence of the disease. This sudden occurring CJD is indisputably the most frequently diagnosed type of Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease. This statistically accounts for at least 85 percent of CJD cases. Due to that there are some fifty to sixty deaths per year due to sporadic CJD in the United States alone. Similar figures are seen in other countries such as Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom.
two hundred million people suffer world wide from Schistosomiasis. It is often misdiagnosed as Typhoid Fever. It is also found in mammals such as cattle and water buffalo.
PrP can occur in two forms- a normal cellular prion protein known as PrPc and a pathogenic misfolded conformer known as PrPsc. The abnormal PrPsc differs from the normal prion protein PrPc in both secondary and tertiary structure. PrPsc is principally rich in Beta sheet contents but PrPc is principally rich in alpha helical contents. Due to this difference of between the isoforms, prions are extremely resistant to certain decontamination systems. The Two tables below outline both human and animal diseases (2).
Salmonella is one of the most common food-borne diseases that attack an enormous amount of people in poor countries every year. It is shown that “Today, it still attacks some 17 million people in poor countries each year, and kills about 600,000 of them. Back before antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, typhoid was very much feared” (Trek 1). Despite the advance in technology and medicine, Salmonella is
Nguyen, Bianca. "AP Biology/BN: Bacteria vs. Virus vs. Prion." AP Biology/BN: Bacteria vs. Virus vs. Prion. N.p., 16 Dec. 2011. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. .
The spread of aids threatens our population daily. Lives lost to it number over 12 million, including 2 mil...
...ving things carry viruses in their cells. Even fungi and bacteria and inhabited by viruses and are occasionally destroyed by them. A virus makes copies of itself in a cell until eventually the cell gets pigged with virus and pops and the viruses spill out of the broken cell. If enough cells are destroyed, such as they do in the case of Ebola, the host dies. A virus does not "want" to kill its host. That is not in the best interest of the virus, because then the virus may also die, unless it can jump fast enough out of the dying host into a new host.
Spink, Gemma. "AIDS." AVERTing HIV and AIDS. 23 Dec 2009. Web. 11 Jan 2010. .
For years, scientists had though that the only way to get infected with an infectious disease is trough out parasites, viruses, or bacteria, but there is a reason why not everybody is susceptible to the same diseases or can be infected with the same virus than others,
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease is an uncommon, deteriorating, consistently fatal brain disorder that is caused by prions. The symptoms of CJD are similar of Alzheimer’s but progress much faster. There are three variations of CJD, sporadic, familial, and acquired. All variations affect the brain the same way and have the same result of death. CJD is an untreatable and incurable disease.
Brownleek, Shannon. “The Most Persistent Virus.” U.S. News and World Report 29 May. 1995: 43-49.
The emergence of HIV/AIDS is viewed globally as one of the most serious health and developmental challenges our society faces today. Being a lentivirus, HIV slowly replicates over time, attacking and wearing down the human immune system subsequently leading to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) at which point the affected individual is exposed to life threatening illnesses and eventual death. Despite the fact that a few instances of this disease have been accounted for in all parts of the world, a high rate of the aforementioned living with HIV are situated in either low or medium wage procuring nations. The Sub-Saharan region Africa is recognized as the geographic region most afflicted by the pandemic. In previous years, people living with HIV or at risk of getting infected did not have enough access to prevention, care and treatment neither were they properly sensitized about the disease. These days, awareness and accessibility to all the mentioned (preventive methods, care etc.) has risen dramatically due to several global responses to the epidemic. An estimated half of newly infected people are among those under age 25(The Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic). It hits hard as it has no visible symptoms and can go a long time without being diagnosed until one is tested or before it is too late to manage.