Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Critique of Demographic Transition Theory
Critique of Demographic Transition Theory
Demographic transition theory and its components
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Critique of Demographic Transition Theory
“The study of human characteristics of human populations” is known as demography which helps depict the progress of nations at many levels (Know, Marston, Imort and Nash, 2011, p. 99). Also it displays information that can relate to the current problems that the nations are facing. The advancement of populations is measured using the demographic transition theory which consists of four main phases, with unique characteristics that countries are grouped within. Studies conducted on these nations are significant as it helps us gain an understanding of the current position the country is in, and how it can develop into an industrialized nation.
According to the demographic transition theory, countries are grouped within four phases ranging from pre-industrial to an industrialized based economic system. The demographic transition theory is a, “model of population change when high birth and death rates are replaced by low birth and death rates” (Knox, et. al., 2011, p 114). To begin with, the first phase is characterized by a pre-industrialized economic based system, with high fertility rates and high mortality rates. From the data given to us for the 1950’s, it appears as if we could group Brazil, China, India and Kenya into the first category, as each of these countries possessed these characteristics. Going forward, the second phase is known as the transition stage where the death rates drop rapidly due to improvements in food supply and hygiene which increases the average life span of the citizens, as well reduces the spreading of diseases. However, in this phase the fertility rates still remain high, and this results in rapid growth of the population. In 2010, Kenya and India slowly made their way into this st...
... middle of paper ...
...e population growth around the world is the one child policy in times where populations are growing uncontrollably, and the introduction of contraception techniques to the general population. Current population patterns show that there is an uneven population distribution around the world. When small landmasses have such large populations it causes various problems like lack of resources, and disrupts transportation of goods throughout the land. This is one of the problems that this demographic data predicts. Overall, demographic information is valuable for many nations as it can help us identify potential problems, and project population patterns in the future.
Works Cited
Knox, P. L., Marston, S. A., Imort, M., & Nash, A. E. (2011). Human geography: places and regions in global context (4th Canadian ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson.
Population continues to grow and is expected to reach an all time high in future years. There are tons of different reasons for why population is rising so quickly. In document d, it says, "Every second 5 people are born and 2 people die, a net gain of 3 people. This fact from document d shows one reason why population growth is at all time high. Document d, also states "At this rate, the world population will double every 40 years and would be 12 billion in 40 years, 24 billion in 80 years, and more than 48 billion in 120 years." This will create tons of difficulties, like the amount of food and supplies needed for the world, which will make it nearly impossible for supplies to keep pace with the population growth. Document a shows
The effects of population control programs on demographic change were not instant, and it takes long serious effort to encourage the improvement of economic development in a country. According to Paul J. Gertler (1994, p. 33), “Population control is a key element in a country’s ability to maintain and improve its economic and social welfare”. Furthermore, this paper intends to explain why the change of population structure has an effect on the society’s economic condition in Indonesia with examining the demographic variables.
Population growth has always been a controversial issue for the world. Developed countries which are characterized by an aging population favor population growth, however less developed countries see population growth as bad. Population growth and control has been one of the major concerns in the developing world, however Africa’s demographic situation seems to be different from the other developing countries. The article “Africa’s population: Miracle or Malthus?” discusses whether Africa will face disaster (as in Malthus’s theory) or demographic dividend and studies the various determinants of high but slowly decreasing fertility rates in African countries. The following paper will study why Africa is an outlier in the developing world and why education is a crucial tool for reducing the African fertility rates.
Many scientist and specifically sociologists are concerned with the population on planet Earth. Many couples today are choosing not to have children. This choice does not just effect the couples personally, however it effects the whole country's demographic. The increase in childlessness among couples generates economic and social problems. Many countries are facing this problem. Hara in a journal article mentions that Japan and Germany are a couple of the countries that are going through childlessness (Hara, 2008).Today, more than 80 countries depend on immigration to prevent the populations from declining, due to the death rate being higher than birth rate. (Becker-Posner, 2013) How will declining birth rates affect demographics in many countries around the world? How will it affect the Global economy? How will it affect societies in different countries; will it raise social and racial tensions? Will it affect relations
The main ideas presented in “Why Geography Matters…More Than Ever!” revolve around what exactly geography is, and the implications of the subject. Geography is the study of the physical world and human actions, it also covers the affects of human actions. Geography influences a plethora of topics and geographers do research on numerous subjects. “Geographers do research on glaciations and coastlines, on desert dunes and limestone caves, on weather and climate, even on plants and animals”(7). The author stresses how underrated geography is the present times, and how the introduction of social studies have doomed the subject of geography for future generations. In a section detailing the teaching of geography
Geography Alive!: Regions and People. Palto Alto, CA: Teacher's Curriculum Institute, 2006. N. pag. Print.
In their book "The Population Explosion", Paul and Anne Ehrlich explain the problem of overpopulation could be solved with no change in the number of people, but by advencements of industrial production and changes in consumption, however difficult it might be (Avilés). According to the US Census Bureau, a total of 83 countries and territories are now thought to encounter below-replacement fertility (Eberstadt). Below-replacement fertility primarily means that the rate of people being born is less than the rate of people dying. Those places have nearly 2.7 billion people that are about 37% of the world population (Eberstadt). Global population growth is predicted to decelerate over the next generation. In fact, slightly fewer people will be born around the globe in the year 2025 than at any point over the last four decades (Eberstadt). A quantity-quality of correlation was discovered by Willis and Becker Lewis in 1973 discussing how the quantity and quality of children is related (Shah). They explained how the marginal cost of a child is higher the greater the cost is per child (Shah). On the other hand, the marginal cost of child quality is higher the more children there are. This pertains to why most poverty-stricken people who live in developed countries have much higher birth rates than higher-income people in more western countries because the impoverished parents tend to lean toward the quantity approach (Shah). Figure 2 demonstrates the quantity-quality tradeoff curve. The curve illustrates how as quantity increases past the maximum utility curve, the quality quickly decreases. This means when the people of developing countries begin to have increases in income, the quantity of children should decrease and birth rates should
Domosh, Mona, Roderick Neumann, Patricia Price, and Terry Jordan-Bychkov. The Human Mosaic: A Cultural Approach to Human Geography. 11thth ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 2010. N. pag. Print.
The human population growth rate is an alarming issue that brings with it irreversible consequences, that will likely effect the way of life for future generations to come. With the serious incline in population statistics comes catastrophic processes such as global warming and deforestation that have major ‘knock on’ ramifications. It’s issues such as these that need to be considered when we think about the growth of the human population, and we must take into account why these issues are occurring. We must also explore the options available to us that may assist in limiting the problems, or eliminating them all together, to provide a better place, not only for us in existence now, but also those who will walk this earth in the future decades and centuries to come.
Population growth is the change in population over a period of time. It happens due to a number of factors such as standard of living, cultural factors, and government policies. When the standard of living become better such as the improvement of social conditions ( shelter, sanitation, clean water , health care and etc) death rate and birth rate reduce as more people become inclined to have fewer children. As standard of living increases, there will be more immigrants thus an increase in population. Government policies which encourage people to have lesser or more children also has a significant effect on birth rate too.
Human population growth was relatively slow for most of human history. Within the past 500 years, however, the advances made in the industrial, transportation, economic, medical, and agricultural revolutions have helped foster an exponential, "J-shaped" rise in human population (Southwick, Figure 15.1, p. 160). The statistics associated with this type of growth are particularly striking: "Human beings took more than 3 million years to reach a population of 1 billion people...The second billion came in only 130 years, the third billion in 30 years, the fourth billion in 15 years, the fifth billion in 12 years..." (Southwick, p. 159). As human population has grown, there has been simultaneous growth within the industrial sector. Both of these increases have greatly contributed to environmental problems, such as natural resource depletion, ecosystem destruction, and global climate change. Also linked with the increasing human population are many social problems, such as poverty and disease. These issues need to be addressed by policy makers in the near future in order to ensure the survival and sustainability of human life.
An increase in human population can influence our economy. Some of the factors that are affected are unemployment, poverty and the restriction of economic expansion. When the population increases, the cost of health, education, and other areas of urban growth are affected. Unempl...
Overpopulation is a growing problem all over the world. This is a very important environmental issue and needs to be dealt with. This environmental problem is affecting many countries around the world, but mostly the poor and impoverished countries that don’t have the resources to help deal with these issues. It also affects the environment like plants, animal life and air quality. When the population of people expands we need more natural resources from the environment, so we consume more than we can produce.
De, Blij Harm J., and Peter O. Muller. Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts. New York: J. Wiley, 1997. 340. Print.
Our world is too small for our ever rapidly growing population. One day resources will run dry and vanish, which will bring death and loss to all nations on this planet. Many researchers and scientists have confirmed that the population will reach 10 billion by the end of the century and will continue to stream upward. There are many different ways in trying to decrease population to contain global warming and assist our environmental changes. The only way to steadily succeeding, families must be the regulators of their fertility and future. Environmentalism can head in a negative direction, which may result in population control and even anti-immigrant policies. Can the developing effort of ‘population integrity’ protect our world while recognizing birth moralities?