Question: How has the AKP’s foreign policy set it apart from earlier political parties and how has it changed Turkey’s role in the region. You must discuss “zero problems with neighbors”.
Since the beginning of the modern Turkey, its foreign policies have had some certain specific features, which were affected by not only the international environment, such as the Cold War, the alliances and the European Union, but also domestic issues, such as the political coalitions, terrorism, etc. For example, following the emergence, between 1923 and 1930, Turkey focused on economic, social and political reforms to modernize and Westernize, while its foreign policy was based on the problems, which were the remnants of the Lousanne Treaty, such as the Mosul and Kirkuk issue with the Great Britain, and Hatay issue with France. Until the World War II, the foreign policy can be “characterized as cautious, realistic and generally aimed at the protection of the status quo and the hard-win victory of the 1923.”
A new era in the Turkish foreign policy started in 2002, when the Justice and Development Party (AKP) came into power. The AKP’s agenda, tools and principles for the foreign policy have proved to be different from those of the previous eras. This paper will explain the divergent and the similar aspects of the current Turkish foreign policy with those of the previous eras. After explaining the basic tenets of the AKP’s foreign policy and different elements of it from the past, it will examine the driving forces behind them. The conclusion will discuss how the new foreign policy changed Turkey’s role in the region, and why AKP has been successful in implementing its foreign policy.
Basic tenets of the AKP’s foreign policy
The AKP and its...
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...he mutual relationships.
To achieve zero problem policy towards neighboring countries, Turkey has been trying to solve its long-standing problems and normalize relationships with Armenia since 2009. But, its efforts made its one of ally in the region, Azerbaijan, angry against Turkey because of Nakorno Karabagh issue.
Davutoglu argues that it is possible to maintain good relations with different conflicting parties if a policy of values and principles are implemented. But, as can be seen in the U.S.-Iran, Armenia-Azerbaijan and the Arabian countries-Israel examples, it might be impossible to do so.
Conclusion
Overall outcomes of the AKP’s foreign policy, which has been led by Ahmet Davutoglu, are impressive. Thanks to this new type of foreign policy, Turkey managed to become a key actor in its periphery, and achieved an outstanding economic development.
George Washington, the first president of the United States, had written a very important historical speech and document towards the end of his time in office. He had written the Farewell address which focused on helping America understand the importance of preserving unity, acknowledging the rise of political parties forming, strengthening religion and morality, and he stated his position on American foreign policy. He addressed these ideas with strong tone and used incredible amount of dictions that strengthens his tone as well as representing his appeal to ethos to a strong degree. However, today’s society seemed to forget Washington’s position on foreign policy and has created a new form of the policy. But nonetheless as time grew, change occurs. In today’s society Washington’s foreign policy would include many positive and negative manifestations, but it is still a speech and document that will always apply to America.
The efforts made in modernizing and creating reforms during the nineteenth century were defensive in both regions. The Ottoman
17Kili, Dr. Suna. ?Islam and Secularism in Contemporary Turkey.? Voice of Ataturk: Ataturk Society of America. Web. Dec. 10 2013.
They must observe the political plans of the various states through the styles by which they execute these plans and the political manoeuvres they undertake, in order to adopt the practical style to establish their state and carry their Da'wah to the world. Therefore, it is imperative for them to acquaint themselves thoroughly with the international situation and the details related to the international situation, and recognise the stance of the states of the world which have a telling effect in the general international situation. If we were to review the international situation in the wake of the First World War, we would deduce that... ... middle of paper ... ... n if this led to occupation by force.
A possible solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is the two-state solution. The two-state solution would become a peace agreement in which establishes a Palestinian state alongside the current state of Israel (Bourke). In the opinion of the Maghar Druze’s community, peace is the main objective in which the two-state solution could provide. As follows, most Israeli Druze’s would encourage the current peace talks in aim of a two-state agreement. Despite the fact that the two-state solution requires compromise in which it is believed the Palestinian are not able to accommodate. In particular, the Maghar Druze’s do not believe the Palestinians will ever be satisfied with a two-state agreement because of the need for retaliation fo...
...Of course anything can be talked through and peacefully worked out, but will it? Unless serious changes take place (politically, environmentally, etc.), the conflicts will continue to grow.
To understand the international relations of contemporary society and how and why historically states has acted in such a way in regarding international relations, the scholars developed numerous theories. Among these numerous theories, the two theories that are considered as mainstream are liberalism and realism because the most actors in stage of international relations are favouring either theories as a framework and these theories explains why the most actors are taking such actions regarding foreign politics. The realism was theorized in earlier writings by numerous historical figures, however it didn't become main approach to understand international relations until it replaced idealist approach following the Great Debate and the outbreak of Second World War. Not all realists agrees on the issues and ways to interpret international relations and realism is divided into several types. As realism became the dominant theory, idealistic approach to understand international relations quickly sparked out with failure of the League of Nation, however idealism helped draw another theory to understand international relations. The liberalism is the historical alternative to the realism and like realism, liberalism has numerous branches of thoughts such as neo-liberalism and institutional liberalism. This essay will compare and contrast the two major international relations theories known as realism and liberalism and its branches of thoughts and argue in favour for one of the two theories.
For many centuries, Judaic and Arabian societies have engaged in one of the most complicated and lengthy conflicts known to mankind, the makings of a highly difficult peace process. Unfortunately for all the world’s peacemakers the Arab-Israeli conflict, particularly the war between Israel and the Palestinian Territories, is rooted in far more then ethnic tensions. Instead of drawing attention towards high-ranking officials of the Israeli government and Hamas, focus needs to be diverted towards the more suspect and subtle international relations theory of realism which, has imposed more problems than solutions.
From the 18th century through the beginning of the 19th century, European influence was a significant force in various aspects of the Ottoman Empire, Egypt, and Iran. Although the reforms, coined primarily by Gelvin as “defensive developmentalism,” were initially intended to centralize governmental control and strengthen the military, the actual effects were much broader. Based on varying pre-existing conditions and unique approaches to governorship, this process of modernization affected each region differently. This essay will explore the manners in which European influence shaped each territory, the primary areas of civilization, politics and culture that experienced reform, and the degree to which that influence was significant, or in the case of Iran, insignificant.
Cicek, Kemal. “The Cambridge History of Turkey. Volume 3: The Later Ottoman Empire, 1603-1839.” Journal of the Economic &Social History of the Orient 52, no.1 (2009): 153-158. EBSCO.
The Ottoman Empire had humble roots. Beginning as an Ottoman state, it progressively rose to power to become an empire. As a state, the Ottoman state started as a small state in current-day western Turkey. Based on Muslim beliefs and rule, the Ottoman State began to dissolve surrounding Muslim states, which were absorbed into the future empire. This move thereby ended all the other Turkish dynasties. The Ottoman Empire was marked as one of the largest, longest lasting empires. The Ottoman Empire lasted from the late 13th century to 1923. Throughout it’s time, the Ottoman Empire was remarked as highly successful and progressive. But like all empires, the Ottoman Empire had to make its end. The Ottoman Empire, like all dynasties, went through its rise, peak, and falling periods. This essay assesses each period in the Ottoman Empire's history.
Turkey is a country with a vibrant and colorful culture located between Europe and Asia. It has a booming economy of tobacco, cotton, hazelnuts, olives, and livestock. On October 23, 1923, the European land of Thrace and the Asian portion of the land of Anatolia known as the Ottoman Empire became to be the country of Turkey. The Country’s capital changed from Istanbul to Ankara in 1922 after the fall of the Ottoman Empire. The population of Turkey is around 72,907,000 people, mostly made up of Turks and Kurds. For the most part, Turkey’s culture has become very modern and up to date with most technology, internet, mobile data service providers, import and export, entertainment, and access to information. In short, the country’s past has been monumental in both the political, geographical, and biblical standpoint.
government. An example of these interests is gaining territory which is under the control of
Azerbaijan maintains peaceful relations with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). This defines their key infrastructure. They maintain ninety troops in Afghanistan. The country deploys soldiers to Iraq for peacekeeping missions. Its leaders ensure that the country is a player in the war on terrorism and international peace (State). The political system is a Republic and consists of the New Azerbaijan Party, Musavat Party, Popular Front Party, Liberal Party, and the Democratic Party....
Weber, Smith, Allan, Collins, Morgan and Entshami.2002. Foreign Policy in a transformed world. United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited.