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Transformational and authentic leadership theory
Essay on transformational leadership theory
Challenges of transformational leadership
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Transformational leadership is among the more recent leadership theories. It focuses on a leaders ability to inspire followers and it does so by focusing on a vision that can change the structures around the organisation. Its objective is clear when you simply look at the word the theory is built around: transform.
But how do you get people to follow a vision? Is transformational change always a good idea?
In this guide, we will hope to answer the above questions and delve deeper into the model of transformational leadership. We’ll start by examining the ideas behind the style, its core elements and the requirements of a transformational leader. We’ll also examine the advantages and disadvantages of the leadership theory and present you with
The book came out in 1978 and it examined different leadership models of the time in detail. According to Burns, most of these models focused on a transactional process, focusing on different exchanges between the leader and the subordinates. On the other hand, he thought transformational leadership is different, as it engages the leader to form a relationship with the subordinates and ensure it motivates them and improves their moral behaviour. Transformational leadership was a process in which “leaders and followers help each other to advance to a higher level or morale and
Bass. Bass extended Burns’ ideas in 1985 in Leadership and Performance. His focus was on highlighting the psychological mechanisms influencing transformational leadership and to provide a test for measuring a leader’s transformational capabilities. The Multifactor Leadership Quiz (MLQ) will be explored in detail in the section in the next section.
In essences, Bass wanted to explore the ways leader is able to influence subordinates. Bass expanded on Burns’ trait theory and emphasised the leaders characteristics in order to transform the subordinates’ view on things. While Bass believed transformational leadership to be about challenging the status quo and creating a shift in the way things are conducted, he also saw that the framework could include transactional aspects. For Bass, the two leadership models were not mutually exclusive, but more of a continuum of models.
Transformational Transactional Laissez-Faire
Leadership leadership Leadership
The above image represents the continuum and shows that while the styles are different, they are not exclusive of each other. According to Bass, a leader can operate by using all of the three frameworks, rather than sticking to
...selbein and Cohen, “organizations that take the time to teach leadership are far ahead of the competition. By becoming familiar with the transformational leadership approach and combining the four I's, managers can become effective leaders in the business world.” (1999, p. 263). Transformational leadership can be applied in one-on-one or group situations. Using this approach, the manager (leader) and the associates (followers) are “transformed” to enhance job performance and help the organization be more productive and successful. All of these leaders have the attributes mentioned here. History will decide the greater impact they had on society as it is being written every day. Therefore, the qualities of transformational leadership make the essence of transformational management and the key to successful management of transformational organizational changes.
Transformational leaders exhibit personal and professional qualities that other want to emulate and follow. These leaders advance the mission in combative environments. Transformational leaders propel the growth of the team through communication. Finally, transformational leaders leave a legacy that instills pride, moral, and determination for future success.
It is concerned with emotions, values, ethics, standards, and long-term goals. It motivates a form of intelligence that moves followers to accomplish more of what is expected of them. (Northouse, 2016, pg.161). Transformational leadership can be used to influence people on a one to one level or to influence whole organizations and cultures. There’s a difference between transformational leadership and transactional leadership. Transactional leadership focuses more on leaders that uses gimmicks or promotions to get their followers to do certain things that they want. Transformational leadership, on the other hand, focuses more on connecting leaders with followers or employees to motivate and help them reach their full
“..the transformational leader articulates the vision in a clear and appealing manner, explains how to attain the vision, acts confidently and optimistically, expresses confidence in the followers, emphasizes values with symbolic actions, leads by example, and empowers followers to achieve the vision (Yukl, 2002)
James McGregor Burns was one of the first people to come up with a definition of transformational leadership (Bromley). Transformational leadership is great, but Burns made a quote in his book Leadership that should be recognized, “The aim of leadership is not to just reach a goal, but also transform leaders and followers into better, more self-actualized leaders” (Komives and Wagner). This quote really explains what leadership means to me, not only as a person leading a group, but also learning how to follow as well.
Transformational leadership, as detailed in Course 15, is a concept centered molding Airman around you, from subordinates, to peers and benefiting all of those in the chain of command even those above you. One specific tenet of Transformational leadership that I find inspiring and critically important to a developing leader is Inspirational Motivation, or Charming.
In the ideal form, transformational leadership creates valuable and positive change with the end goal of developing followers into leaders. These may include connecting the followers sense of self and identity to the mission and the collective identity of the organization; being a role model for followers that inspires them; challenging followers to take greater pride for their work, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of individuals, so the leader can associate followers with tasks that improve their performance. Transformational leaders focus on intrinsic motivation and personal development of their followers. They believe in five key aspects of being a leader, which are being creative, interactive, empowering, visionary and
According to Yoder-Wise (2015), a leader can be defined as, “an individual who works with others to develop a clear vision of the preferred future and to make that vision happen” (p 35). As employees, we often have our own ideal of a good leader, which may be influenced by experiences and perception of workplace norms. While one’s opinion of an effective leader may vary, there are several recognized leadership theories. The following will focus on the transformational leadership approach.
Transformational leadership theory conceptualized in the late 1970’s, proposed that leaders could motivate followers through shared vision and mutual interest to uplift the entire organization to a higher morality (Burns, 1978). Morality was defined as leaders and followers working together to fulfill organizational goals and achieve higher performances within a context of change and innovation. Leaders would surpass their own self-interest, in order to, foresee, foster, and indoctrinate a new organizational vision to their followers. Bass operationalized Burns’ seminal work into a leadership model to better indentify transformational leadership characteristics. The model emphasized four dimensions such as idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration in order to achieve success.
Transformational leadership is one of the most popular leadership styles. According to Kendrick (2011), “Transformational leadership involves four factors: 1. idealized influence, 2. inspirational motivation, 3. intellectual stimulation, and 4. individual consideration.” These four factors make transformational leadership have an impact on followers. The goal of transformational leadership is to cause a positive change in individuals, help motivate them, and develop a leader within each individual.
In today’s business world , there are several approaches and theories of leadership. This includes leadership approaches based upon a wide range of topics including traits, behavioral, situational, transformational, and other perspectives. Each of these approaches have their own set of advantages and disadvantages, making them best suited for different situations. The leadership theory that has the greatest appeal to me is the transformational leadership theory as it focuses on the greater good of the organization and its followers.
Bass, B. M., & Bass, R. (2008). The Bass Handbook of Leadership: Theory, Research, & Managerial Applications (4th ed.). New York, New York: The Free Press.
Based on Burns (1978) there are two types of basic leadership styles, transformational and transactional. Transactional leaders are in contact with an individual for an exchange that will occur between them while transformational leaders motivate and connect with their followers
Certainly, an army would not be able to battle in the war without a commander who in charges of the whole strategy. Correspondingly, any organisations cannot function without leaders. Leader is the most substantial element of successful organizations. Becoming outstanding leaders, leadership skill is vital in order to drive the organizations forward. Several leadership principles are extensively used these days. Burns (1978) identified two types of leadership comprise of transactional and transformational leadership. Hence, leaders should be capable to indicate which theory should be applied in accordance with organization’s culture and objectives. This essay aims to evaluate the resemblances and the differences between transactional and transformational leadership as well as the feasibility to utilize a mixture of them by giving the definitions and examples followed by the supporting researches and studies.
A brief description of transformational leadership, according to James MacGregor Burns, is a new paradigm