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behavior modification theories
An essay on behavior modification
An essay on behavior modification
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In 1979, James O. Prochaska developed the Trans-theoretical model (TTM) which has its roots in psychotherapy, and representing the outcomes and the critical review of three hundred therapy studies. (McKenzie, et al., 2005) As a model in nature, TTM aims to presented processes and explain them thus is helping planners and healthcare educators better understand implementation and evaluation of programs as well as defining the framework on which to create plans for programs. (Butler, 2000) According to McKenzie et al (2005), TTM refers to as stage theory where people are classified into categories and identifies the overall factors that move people from one category to the next. Specifically, stage theories are characterized by four fundamental principles, which are as follows: (1) Definition of stages by generating a category system (2) Ordering of stages (3) Common barriers (4) Different barriers. Based upon these principals, transtheoritical …show more content…
(McKenzie, et al., 2005) Temptation is moving in opposite direction to confidence; one’s moves forward through stages temptation decreases and confidence increases. However, Prochaska indicated that temptation is still present even in the latest stage, maintenance, and so healthcare planners should be
In conclusion, Anderson et al. (2010) discussed the relationship between therapeutic models and the techniques utilized by them. However, the contextual model that they posit in this article is built upon a postmodern philosophy and has numerous flaws. As a result, I reject many of their arguments, at least as they are presented. Despite this, there was some information (albeit modified) from this article that I can incorporate into my own practice as a therapist.
The recovery model is a substructure for change enclosing the need for clients to learn to deal with the results of their mental instability and to reach their ultimate level of operating, while creating new essence for their lives. The Recovery Model simply accentuates a stage model of change similar to the analytically sustained configuration. Patients in altered phases of change inclination require a variety of counteracting methods. More active and behavioral techniques may work best with patients ready to change, whereas patients lacking insight will need help in identifying their problems. A model seeks to uplift mental health services clients. To summarize the assumptions, recovery is a process putting the individual
The stages of change according to the Transtheoretical Model of Change consist of precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. The Transtheoretical model of change includes flexible stages. This means that an individual could be in the maintenance stage one week, relapse the next week and be back in the precontemplation stage. The stages of change are not stagnant and an individual could go up/down a stage or stages of change depending on their development of self-efficacy. Ted goes through all of these stages of change on his journey to sobriety.
Norcross, John C., and Prochaska, James O. (2014). Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoretical analysis (8th ed). Stamford, CT.: Cengage Learning.
I chose the transtheoretical model as my theory to help my behavior change. Transtheoretical theory was originally developed by Prochaska and DiClemente in 1984 to help explain smoking cessations. It has been modified over the years to show that behavior changes are ...
Dr. Kleeper having called this process magic has reminded me of my work with students and what I call light bulb moments. In essence, the light bulb moment is when a student’s eyes light up and their understanding of a concept has truly been internalized. Therefore, when I hear about the magic that can happen, I imagine that it is when the client has realized that they have the internal wisdom and power to truly shift their own lives. If this is true, I look forward to being a part of this type of process. Lastly, as I began to look into transpersonal therapy, the possibilities of the varied methods clients could have access to be very exciting for me. Methods include meditation or prayer, guided visualizations and altered states of being (Rowan, 2002). I hope to be able to ethically incorporate various types of counseling methods and styles such as these and also continue to invest in my own personal and professional growth, just as my potential clients are investing in their own
Psychotherapy integration is best explained as an attempt to look beyond and across the dimensions of a single therapy approach, to examine what one can learn from other perspectives, and how one’s client’s can benefit from various ways of administering therapy (Corey, 2013). Research has shown that a variety of treatments are equally effective when administered by therapist who believe in them and client’s that accept them (Corey, 2013). Therefore, one of the best aspects of utilizing an integrative approach is that, in most cases, if a therapist understands how and when to incorporate therapeutic interventions, they usually can’t go wrong. While integrating different approaches can be beneficial for the client, it is also important for the
Egan Model’s second step is new perspectives; this is where the counselor is helping the client to identify blind spots and helping to pick out any new pe...
Treatment under this model is one of problem solving and utilizing an individual’s strengths to overcome his or her issues. The goal is to foster empowerment and self-sufficiency in order for the client to return to his or her environment (Woodside & McClam, 2014).
Seligman, L., & Reichenberg, L. W. (2014). Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy, Systems, Strategies, and Skills (4th Edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
Prochaska, J. O., & Norcross, J. C. (2009). Gestalt and experiential therapies. In Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoretical analysis(7th ed., pp. 160-192). Brooks/Cole
The Transtheoretical Model is used to understand how individuals change health behaviors. Use of this model aids in developing interventions, appropriate for each stage of the change process. The model includes a total of six stages of change, which are: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination (Glanz, Rimer, & Viswanath, 2015). During the precontemplation stage, individuals have no intentions of taking action to change their behaviors within the following six months. During the contemplation stage individuals have an intention to change their behavior within the next six months. Individuals of the preparation stage, intend to take action to change the health behavior within the next 30 days. Action
This theory is considered a middle range theory, however Peterson and Bredow (2009) argue that it has the necessary elements to be classified as a grand theory. Peterson and Bredow (2009) assert that the theory can stand on its own as well as other theories can be derived from within the Modeling and Role-Modeling theory. Since the Modeling and Role-Modeling theory integrates a “metaparadigm” of influences on life and health, it creates an approach towards facilitating healing of the entire person (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
Winncott, M., and Laleh, B. 1989 The Phases of Development in TA therapy, New York, Guildford.
During therapy the importance of subjective experiences, the existence of the ability of personal growth and the importance of goal-directed meanings in life are emphasised (Frankl, 1959). Furthermore, the importance of the proper circumstances for the growth of self-concept (Rogers, 1959), the necessity of self-actualization and recognition of one's potential, accentuation of joy as part of life and authenticity are stimulated (Cave, 1999). The client is motivated to make one's own decisions without the intervention of the therapy leader. Focus is placed on present rather than on past and the therapist is more like an active listener. Roger's therapy was argued (Truax, 1996) that it is a simple form of behaviour therapy as it is using positive reinforcement. The humanistic therapy also incorporates other used techniques, such the already discussed Roger's person-centered therapy, Berne's (1964) transactional analysis, Perl's (1969) gestalt therapy, conjoint therapy, milieu therapy (Jones, 1953). These approaches are most useful with specific individuals, not with patients with particular disorders. Patients do acquire benefits from humanistic therapy approaches, however difficulty arises from the point of view whether science can adequately measure what the therapist finds meaningful about the changes they perceive during therapy (Yalom, 1980). The