After a series of biochemical tests and evaluation to determine several unknown bacteria, the bacterium Yersinia pestis was chosen to report. The discovery of Y. pestis dates back to 1894 by French/Swiss physician and bacteriologist named Alexandre Yersin. The name Yersinia pestis is synonymous with its more common name, the plague. Y. pestis is known to infect small rodents such as mice and rats, but is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected animal or flea. Although this bacterium
Causal Agent: The Plague is caused by a bacterium known as Yersinia Pestis. Which “was discovered by Yersin (a french physician) in 1894” as stated by the Journal La Peste Bubonique. Yersinia Pestis is a gram negative bacterium which is a rod shaped coccobacillus. Clinical Disease: The Plague attacks in three different type of forms. The bubonic plague which is the most common type, leads one to death within 5 days if not treated or naturally cured. The bubonic plague normally results in the
Yersinia pestis – Gerneal Infection, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Yersinia pestis, the culprit behind the infamous Black Death, spread by rat fleas, has cast a shadow over human civilization, taken the lives of countless peasants and nobles alike like a violent brute who murders invariably. There are three major forms of infection stages, the bubonic plague, the septicemic plague, and the pneumonic plague (primary and secondary), all are lethal if not treated with proper antibiotics. Due
The pathogen Y. Pestis is particularly good at surviving in both animals and insects, and does not require a human host to survive and thrive. [9]. Because it doesn’t necessarily have to inhabit a human to survive, Y. Pestis can survive for a very long period of time outside of a human host. [9]. In terms of pathogenic reservoirs, the bacteria rely on human and animal reservoirs, as well as environmental reservoirs (the bacteria can survive in soil for several months). [9]. Outside of humans, one
1. Location: Mandritsara (Madagascar) 2. Diseases listed: Malaria, Dengue, Plague 3. Details of the outbreak On 10 December 2013, BBC news/Africa reported a deadly outbreak of bubonic plague in a village near Mandritsarad in the north-western part of Madagascar. The outbreak that occurred a week earlier, was revealed after the death of 20 people in the village. Tests conducted on the bodies by The Pasteur Institute in Madagascar certified that the death was related to the bubonic plague. Since
Madeleine Youngblood Period 5 Plague, Biology There are many names for the disease; The Black Death, The Great Mortality, La Pest. [3]. In today’s world, however, most people know it simply as The Plague. The plague, scientifically known as Yersinia Pestis, is a zoonotic, non-motile, non-spore forming bacteria that is classified in humans in three forms; Bubonic, Septicemic, and Pneumonic plague. [3] The plague pathogen has scarred humanity's history, taking over 85 million lives throughout its
the deadliest epidemics to ever hit mankind. It is estimated that this epidemic killed nearly 30%-60% of the population depending on the location. Recently, scholars have argued over the existence of the Black Death as a Plague in the form of Yersinia Pestis. Many argue, through scientific research and primary sources, that the Black Death was indeed a plague. Their critics argue that there is not enough evidence in the correlation of the scientific research and the primary sources to conclude that
Black Death was caused by the bacterium called Yersinia Pestis during the 13th century. The Black Death, also known as the Bubonic Plague was caused by a single contamination of one person. The Black Death was caused by a single bacterium, overcrowding in areas like Europe, which effected a huge part of the population by simply killing it off. The Black Death started with a bacterium called Yersinia Pestis. “Yersinia Pestis, or known as pasteurella pestis, causes severe illness but more commonly death
Fast and Furious: The Yersinia pestis Bacterium In 2014, Italy auctioned off Poveglia, one of its islands near Venice, for about $700,000 in order to help pay off some of the country’s national debt and conform to the European Union’s budgeting guidelines (Landini & Trogni, 2014). To most people, the thought of an Italian island near Venice may evoke charm, romance, and exoticness. Unfortunately, Poveglia is not that island. With its sordid past, Poveglia has been a deserted island for over 40
(ZOONOTIC DISEASE) caused by a gram negative bacterium Yersinia pestis. Plague is a disease that affects humans and other mammals. The bacteria are mainly found in rats and in the fleas that feed on them. Plague is transmitted to humans or other animals from rats and fleas bite that is carrying the plague bacterium, scratches from infected animals, inhalation of aerosols or consumption of food contaminated with the plague bacterium i.e. Yersinia pestis. In the past, plague destroyed entire civilization;
there were three great waves of plague, the Great Plague of Europe in the 14th century was the most devastating, violent, and most viral out of the three waves. The main cause of the Great Plague of Europe came from a deadly bacterium known as Yersinia Pestis. A smear of the bubonic plague is evades the human body and concentrates itself in the lymph node. A plague patient’s blood profile would contain or... ... middle of paper ... ...Diseases, 49(10), i. 4. The Black Death, 1348," EyeWitness
Yersinia is a genus of bacteria that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family (Adams and Moss 2010). It is a rod-shaped, gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, non-spore forming, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative bacterium (Adams and Moss 2010). The genus was named after Alexandre Yersin who was a French bacteriologist in 1894 (Adams and Moss 2010). There are three species in the genus Yersinia: Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia pestis (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
were unknown until people started to notice problems that other people were having. The Black Death or “plague” that killed thousands in the fourteenth century may have evolved into a more modern version of itself. The “plague” is known as the “Yersinia pestis” bacteria, which is a rare zoonotic disease. These diseases are spread from animal to human (Newquist 239, Adamloakun M.D. 718). The bacterium lives in rodents such as rats and is carried by fleas (Newquist 238). When the fleas bite humans, the
effects changed the economy, culture, and religious beliefs. To begin, modern technology and knowledge granted people with insight on what initiated the Black Death. The bubonic plague was generated by bacteria called, Yersinia Pestis “The Global Impacts of the Black Death”. Yersinia Pestis is carried and spread by fleas transported by rats. Eventually, the rat would die due to excessive flea bites and multiplying bacteria, but the flea would survive and move to humans and other animals. Many believed
still debated today, but most historians believe that it was the result of a plague with bacteria. The bubonic plague most likely affected humans with a bacterium that caused many problems. The bacterium that caused the bubonic plague is called Yersinia pestis. A combination of old historical records and details give some evidence that the bubonic plague was indeed caused by this bacteria. Scientists have worked to obtain even more evidence by excavations. Burial sites from the Black Death period were
of the plague was at Gobi - Desert in Mongolia around the 1320’s (ARMICHAEL, ANN). Discoveries about the plaque are still happening today. The latest discovery in 2011, states that the pathogen held accountable for the plaque was Yersinia pestis bacterium. Yersinia pestis is a anaerobic bacterium and a infectious disease affecting human beings as well as other creatures. The bacteria affects the rodent first, then a flea bites the affected rodent, when the flea is infected it jumps onto a person,
The Black Plague and its Impact on Medicine in Medieval Society The Black Death (also called the "plague" or the "pestilence", the bacteria that causes it is Yersinia Pestis) was a devastating pandemic causing the death of over one-third of Europe's population in its major wave of 1348-1349. Yersinia Pestis had two major strains: the first, the Bubonic form, was carried by fleas on rodents and caused swelling of the lymph nodes, or "buboes", and lesions under the skin, with a fifty-percent mortality
that demolished populations is the bubonic plague, also known as the plague or Black Death. It dates back to the early years of 540’s AD, but was known as Justinian plague until the 1300’s when it became known as the Black Death (Hogan, 2014). Yersinia pestis a zoonotic bacteria causes the bubonic plague and obtained its name from Alexandre Yersin, the discoverer (CDC, 2015). It first appeared during the early year of 541 in Egypt and spread to parts of Asia, till it disappeared in the year 750 (Hogan
What is the Plague? The Plague is an infectious disease that affects rodents, certain other animals and humans. Its is caused by the Yersinia Pestis bacteria. How do you know that you have the plague? Fever and chills, abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting, bleeding from your mouth, nose or rectum, or under your skin, shock, blackening and death of tissue (gangrene) in your extremities, most commonly your fingers, toes and nose.The Plague is a bacterial disease that is infamous for causing millions
respiratory problems. President George W. Bush then signed The Bioterrorism Act of 2002. The act helped control bioterrorism, yet there are still some individuals that go against the act and still attack other countries including the United States. Yersinia pestis (plague) is an example of bioterrorism. This disease has caused several deaths for the past 2,000 years in Europe and in Asia. In the 14th century it was called the Bubonic plague, better known as “the Black Death.” Plague has three stages, Bubonic