2.1 (c) Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) The total harmonic distortion is calculated as the ratio of the rms value of its total harmonic component of the output voltage and the rms value of the fundamental component. A total harmonics distortion is an evaluate of closeness in a shape between the output voltage waveform and its fundamental components. THD=√(E_rms^2-E_1^2 )/(E_rms^1 ) 2.1 (d) Distortion Factor (DF) A distortion factor shows the amount of harmonics that remain in the output voltage
1.2.6 HARMONIC DISTORTION Harmonics are sinusoidal component of periodic wave having an frequency that is an integral multiple of fundamental frequency. Now a day more use of power electronic switches and devices cause harmonics. Examples of harmonics producing loads are computers, adjustable speed drives, etc. Mitigation of harmonics can be done with the help of passive filters or active filters. Hybrid of active and passive filters also solves problems of harmonics. Figure 1.5 Distorted Current
grain boundaries. The full range of tensor relationships between an applied physical cause and an observed effect can be obtained only if the total internal symmetry of the crystal structure is continued throughout the
voltage and maintaining the gain of the inverter constant.[2] Voltage and current waveforms produced by inverters are never perfect sinusoids (even for sine wave inverters); therefore some harmonic currents are expected during normal system operation. Total harmonic distortion (THD) is a measure of the harmonic content in current and voltage waveform. The type of inverter used will depend on the load that it will serve. Resistive loads could tolerate square wave inverters which are cheaper and easier
completing a whole cycle of the motion, the requirement of time interval is the period or point of the vibration. Frequency of vibration is the total counting of a cycle per unit time. On the other hand, amplitude of vibration is the displacement being maximized of the system from the point of equilibrium. The particle will be undergoing in a simple harmonic motion if the unit is being displace with a calculated distance from one point to another and being release
Room acoustics "A person with normal hearing will commonly experience same difficulty in understanding speech in a large auditorium, even it has been well designed because the unamplified voice of the average person is generally inadequate to 'fill' the auditorium. Consequently, a person with even a minor hearing impairment may have considerable difficulty in listening to speech in large rooms. As a result, complaints concerning the poor acoustics of an auditorium may come from a person with slightly
My Communications coursework will be on non-radio communications. My chosen topic is underwater acoustics. The applications of underwater acoustics and their advantages and disadvantages will be studied. All forms of non-radio communications are based on waves. Waves are generally a disturbance in a surface, transferring energy from A to B. Waves can be mechanical vibrations travel through a medium. For example: water, sound. These waves are called mechanical waves. Progressive waves are
Experimental and Computation Vibration-Rotation Spectroscopy for Carbon Monoxide Through the Use of High-Resolution Infrared (IR) Spectra Introduction: The goal of this experiment is to study the most precise way of measuring molecular bond lengths and introduction to computational software used for studying molecular properties. This is of interest in that the instrument to being used, a Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, can measure the vibrational and rotational transitions