Surface Tension My problem was to find out how to test or measure surface tension. I think the reason of some of the force in surface tension is cohesion and gravity. Surface Tension is the condition existing at the free surface of a liquid, resembling the properties of an elastic skin under tension. The tension is the result of intermolecular forces exerting an unbalanced inward pull on the individual surface molecules; this is reflected in the considerable curvature at those edges where the liquid
Background Research Paper Surface tension is a unique quality that all liquids have. Many people know what surface tension is but there are a lot of things about surface tension that people do not know. For example, not many people know how to lower surface tension, why soap or temperature lowers surface tension, or even the history of surface tension. A great explanation for surface tension is “The property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force, due to the
liquid and surrounding surfaces. There are three main variables that determine whether a liquid will posses capillary action. (Davis, 1995) 1. Cohesive Force: The intermolecular forces that cause liquids to resist separation and to remain a certain shape. This exists between molecules of the same substance. 2. Adhesive Force: The attractive forces between unlike molecules. In some cases adhesion causes the liquid to cling to the surface where it rests. 3. Surface Tension: The contractive tendency
“Laplace’s law describes how the distending pressure of a liquid bubble is influenced by (1) the surface tension of the bubble and (2) the size of the bubble itself (Jardins). If the sphere only has one liquid-gas interface then the equation is written as P= 2ST/r (Jardins).” In this equation P represents the pressure difference which will be measured in dynes/cm2. ST will be the variable for surface tension and will also be measured in dynes/cm2. R equals the radius and will be measured in centimeters
and hydrophilic (water hating) and the carboxylate end is polar and hydrophilic (water loving). This the property which allows it to clean, it acts as an emulsifying agent. The soap disperses in water to form miscelles where a negatively charged surface is formed and hydrocarbon chains are in the centre. These miscelles surround droplets of dirt or grease suspending them in the water so they can be washed away. In soft neutral water soap works very well. However in hard water those containing ions
the expansion of surface tension. Surface tension is the effect on the surface of a liquid that makes it behave as a stretched elastic membrane; it is caused by unbalanced intermolecular forces. For example, if a small piece of paper was placed on water dewdrops, the paper would float on top the water dewdrops denying the fact that the paper is much denser than the water itself. The weak hydrogen bonds that hold water molecules together is attributed to cohesion and surface tension. Hydrogen bonds
What exactly do we mean by Ultrafiltration, and for what processes can it be used? Ultrafiltration is a process by which one uses a pressure-driven process utilizing a specific-sized membrane to separate macromolecular weights of a solution, allowing the transfer of the low molecular weight (permeate). Ultrafiltration is exclusively defined by the pore size range (0.1 – 0.001 microns) (Dhawan). Ultrafiltration is used in a wide array of applications, such as food and beverage, chemical, pharmaceutical
the spreading behavior of (a) oils and (b) emulsions on model surfaces. The oils used were chosen from oils typically used in cosmetics, either as emollient or as a delivery vehicle. In this part of study, we focus on the wetting behavior of low energy substrate: Teflon, which has been used as a model substrate for spreading of oils. Our study targets on identifying various parameters like concentration, viscosity and interfacial tension values for their roles in spreading. 1.2 Motivation and Research
nature, beautiful rainbow colors, and ability to soar through the sky make them universally fascinating among kids. What is the science behind (or inside) a bubble? Bubbles can provide a fun way to study science concepts such as elasticity, surface tension, chemistry, light, and even geometry. Your students can engage in processes such as observation, experimentation, investigation, and discovery, simply by studying bubbles. For starters, here is a fun demonstration that you can perform as you
Why the Ponds are Important in Crow Lake by Mary Lawson Crow Lake is Canadian author Mary Lawson's first novel，which is narrated by Kate Morrison, the second child in the Morrison family. A serious car accident left seven-year-old Kate, her one and half year old sister, Bo, and her two older brothers, Luke and Matt, orphans. Rather than live with relatives separately, they chose to live together and grow up. Luke and Matt made many sacrifices to support their family and they also got many helps
My Mother Said There’d be Days Like This. How is it that life always seems to pan out the way our parents say it will? ‘Don’t do that, this will happen’; ‘don’t walk down that road, that will be the consequence’ Oh, how right they were! ‘Oh son, how dull life can be! How tedious and horrible. How life can beat you with a stick and subdue your will to live, to persist, and to endure.’ Sitting on my mother’s lap, all innocent and benevolent, I remember the words, ‘Son, love whole-heartedly. Forgive
mix for compaction. Granules are often easy to compact and create stronger tablets. • It decreases the chances for caking of partially hygroscopic materials, in case of storage as a powder. This is achieved since the moisture is adsorbed onto the surface of the granulated particles and they can still maintain their flowability due to its size(1). There are 2 types of granulation: Wet granulation and dry granulation. As the name suggests, wet granulation requires a liquid to be used in the process
Discussion Explain the relationship 1. Pressure drop and boil-up rate As seen from graph 2, pressure drop increases as the boil-up rate increases. The reflux ratio is kept constant so the liquid flowing down has uniform flow and only the power input to the reboiler can be adjusted. The boil-up rate is obtained by varying the heat energy to the reboiler and this affects the velocity of the vapour passing up the column. As the velocity of the vapour passing up the column increases, the vapour flow
If I were a raindrop, I would feel happy, sad and confused. There are many reasons to these feelings.Imagine that it’s a rainy day today! Coming down from the clouds, people sitting at their window, watching the beauty of nature is what I see. Sounds like a great sight, huh?! Most people love the scenes the nature has created today, others don't. Let me share it with you! Let's start off with why I would be happy! There are countless reasons to be happy. One is because i give life to a tree, a
Day 1 Once upon a time high above the earth, fluffy white clouds drifted through the atmosphere. In the clouds lived a family Droplet of water, round and content with life. For as long as I could remember, I spent my days lying on my back, relaxing and soaking up the sun's warm rays. One day, I took my usual place in the sun but the light didn't seem to be as bright. In fact, as the day went on, it grew darker and darker, loud claps of thunder shook the cloud, and the Droplet felt as if he were
In the novel, Siddhartha, by Hermann Hesse, the main protagonist, Siddhartha, reaches enlightenment while meditating by a river. When Siddhartha reflected on his newfound knowledge, he states “I looked at my life, and it, too, was a river, and Siddhartha the boy was separated by Siddhartha the man and from Siddhartha the old man merely by shadows, not by anything real”. Recently I have attempted to reach a similar enlightenment as Siddhartha through meditation, and have come to a conclusion that
J/g Variables: The variables used in this experiment are: Volume of water, mass of fuel, temperature of water, height of tube, height of flame, type of fuel, time it takes, width of flame, colour of flame, material of container, size and surface area, purity of fuel, heat loss and shape of type of wick. The type of fuel, heat loss will be the variables to change. We will measure to control the temperature of the water using a thermometer, time it takes using a stopwatch, mass of fuel
depends on the gas used. The RFGD treatment involves the removal of impurities and weakly bound organic contamination from surfaces through the use of the energetic plasma created from gaseous species. The device is connected to a vacuum to remove all atmospheric contaminants and debris produced throughout the process. RFGD can treat a wide-range of materials as well as surfaces with high level of roughness and different geometries. It can be applied to samples that are electrically conductive or non-conductive
that torments and spiritually destroys him"(330). Macbeth is strongly impelled to evil but he also abhors evil. It is this that causes Macbeth to abhor himself. The play explores the tensions between Macbeth's proneness to evil and his abhorrence to evil. Macbeth is a tragic hero because he becomes caught in tensions between his criminal actions and the reaction of his conscience. Had Macbeth committed the deeds without any remorse, he would have been simply an evil monster, without any hope. But
How Does the Dialogue Between John and Elizabeth Proctor in Pages 41 - 46 Reflect the Tensions and Strengths in their Relationship? During the first part of act two, the scene is set in the Proctors house, and a conversation takes place between Elizabeth and John Proctor. He has arrived home late, and the conversation that takes place between husband and wife seems, at first to be polite, maybe a little bit static, as thought they had both first met. We can tell from John words that he is