1910 by Max Wertheimer while going on vacation riding a train to Germany. He got the idea for an experiment about seeing motion when no actual motion occurred. He left the train, abandoning his plans, purchased a toy stroboscope and verified his insight in a preliminary way. The stroboscope, a forerunner of the motion picture camera, rapidly projects a series of different pictures on the eye, producing apparent motion. He later did extensive research at the University of Frankfurt (Schultz, et al., 2012)
Later in 2001, they produce an extended version of the first version named Apocalypse Now: Redux. Howard Hampton is a famous author born in 1958 wrote a film comment on the movie, Apocalypse Now: Redux. Howard commented that Apocalypse Now Redux is the reedition and restored version and had duration of three-hour nineteen minute. It is a director-cut movie, which includes all bold errors and cuts made by Coppola in the first version, Apocalypse Now. The first and last version included the same music