Introduction Staining is used in a variety of ways in order to color the background of a cell, discern types of cells and to discern structures of a cell. A differential stain is when multiple dyes are used to stain a cell that take advantage of chemical differences in a cell. Gram staining is a type of differential stain that works by distinguishing gram positive and gram negative cells by coloring them violet or red, respectively. Gram positive cells contain a thick cell wall of peptidoglycan
Gram staining is the most essential and all around used staining technique in bacteriology lab. Gram staining was firstly presented by Christian Gram in 1883. This method is utilized to distinguish between gram positive and gram negative bacteria which have consistent differences in their cell wall. Gram positive bacteria stain blue-purple and gram negative bacteria stain pink-red. There are a few objectives as to why we ought to do this experiment; to gain knowledge of the differences between gram
In the late 1800s, Hans Christian Gram developed the gram staining procedure. Gram staining is a valuable diagnostic tool used in the clinical and research world. The gram stain is a method used to determine the identification of unknown bacteria. (BIO215, 2017) According to Healthline.com, typically when you’re sick, you go to the doctors. If your doctor happens to suspect that you may have an infection, he or she may order to have a culture, and/or a gram stain done to check for bacteria. If
This technique has a very little contrast which is mostly provided by staining specimens. • LIGHT MICROSCOPY It is the technique that uses visible light as a source of illumination to view small objects which are in finer detail than the ability of naked eye. HISTORY Antony van leewenhoek invented simple microscope in 1670
2.0 INTRODUCTION TO CURING Curing is basically a process that controls the rate and extent of moisture lost in a concrete during the operation of cement hydration. A concrete takes a period of time (hours, days, weeks) depending on the types of concrete used in order for it to reach its potential strength and durability. Henceforth, the process of curing is needed. Besides that, there are also a few factors that affecting the curing period, depending on the types of concrete used. For instance
Bad Breath and Teeth Staining Halitosis is the medical term for Bad Breath. When people think of bad breath they automatically think that food is the cause of the bad odor. When in reality there are many factors that can lead up to bad breath. Yes food is one of them but there are other reasons as to why a person may be experiencing bad breath or teeth staining. A person may experience bad breath or teeth staining because they may have a health problem that is causing the odor other factors are
Benefits of Drinking Coke?, 3 Oct. 2017, www.livestrong.com ›+… ›+Diet+and+Nutrition ›+Beverages+and+Health. Accessed November 7, 2017 VanVoorst, Jenny Fretland. Take a Closer Look at Your Teeth. The Child's World, 2014. Woudstra, Wendy J. “Teeth Staining.” How Does Coffee Stain Teeth?, 1 Feb. 2013, www.colgate.com/en/us/oc/oral-health/cosmetic-dentistry/teeth-whitening/article/sw-281474979067209. Accessed November 7,
I have Florida White show rabbits and a common problem with them is discoloration of their white fur. This is usually due to urine, feces, and their surroundings. When showing a Florida White, the number of points allocated to the condition of fur is twenty out of the total one hundred points ( FWRBA, 2014, page seven, paragraph five ) . Five points of this is for color ( FWRBA, 2014, page seven, paragraph six ) . This many points can mean the difference between Best of Breed or Best of Show, or
A. Introduction: The purpose of this laboratory is to learn about cultural, morphological, and biochemical characteristics that are used in identifying bacterial isolates. Besides identifying the unknown culture, students also gain an understanding of the process of identification and the techniques and theory behind the process. Experiments such as gram stain, negative stain, endospore and other important tests in identifying unknown bacteria are performed. Various chemical tests were done and the
After gram staining, it was revealed that unknown 1 microscopic morphology was Gram positive cocci in clusters Staphylococcus epidermiclis. When observed under the microscope, the bacteria’s morphology displayed a purple color, round shape, and clustered together like bundles of grapes. It was difficult to locate the specimen due to the student’s lack of experience with using the microscope. The student forgot to use the stage clip to hold the slide in place, which made it difficult to control
classify my unknown bacteria by performing the Gram staining because according to the first period procedure of the laboratory manual and the Appending H, it was the first test that should be done to plan and proceed to the next tests. Washed bottle of distilled water, three slides, and Gram-staining reagents
the bacteria. We prepared a SOP by incorporating laboratory techniques that were considered as determinative tests in the dichotomous keys (appendix B and appendix C). The first two steps we performed to form the basis of identification were Gram’s staining and plate streaking of the sample. The supplied broth culture was streaked out simultaneously on one of each Trypticase Soy Agar (TSA), Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and MacConkey Agar (MAC) plate. The streaking was performed using the quadrant streak
internal flagella. The size is around 5um. The gram stain reaction of L. interrogans is gram negative. To stain this bacteria you must use a relatively new staining technique termed immunofluorescence which uses a ultraviolet light to identify its staining. You can also use an older technique that is very time consuming, which is silver staining. There are only a few diseases caused by L. interrogans. These are Weil’s Disease, a severe form of leptospirosis. And of course there is Leptospirosis
A pure culture of an unknown bacterium labeled # 10B test tube was handed to me by my instructor. A gram-staining kit, bibulous paper, a light microscope, inoculating needle, and API 20E system were also used. A slide was prepared with the unknown bacteria and the Gram stain using crystal violet and safranin as the reagent, iodine as the mordant, and alcohol
Introduction The body contains bacteria both inner and outer. The human body and some of there bacteria that the body contains is mutualistic. Mutualism is where both bacteria and host, human body, benefit from each other, and need one another in order to function. This bacteria is known as normal microbiota, harmless bacteria the body has. Yet, there are circumstances where these bacteria can cause harm if it enters through a wound into unknown tissue. However, biologists have several reasons
There are numerous types of bacteria that can be found in every environment. Each bacterium has different morphology which includes shape, texture and pigment production. These bacteria also have different food requirements which are important in being able to identify a microorganism. Microorganisms are a diverse group containing all bacteria a single cell prokaryotic organism that is found in every type of environment, archea single cell microorganism that lacks nuclei and almost all microorganisms
(Slonczewski & Foster 94). While gram-negative, have thin layers of one or two peptidoglycan cell wall, this type of bacteria are found within the phylum Proteobacteria (Slonczewaki & Foster). The gram positive and negative characteristic derived from a staining technique that was developed by Hans
microscope which it will be 1000x. If the culture was not pure, I would notice the streak plate may have colonies with different colonial morphology, color, and cells. I have to view it in the microscope so it may have different cellular morphology and staining properties. The five ways I can contaminate a culture during inoculation are accidentally touching the loop or needle, not carefully holding the broth and leave it on the table so it will leaking down the tube, working in the lab that have a lot
the physician checks the individual’s medical history and perform physical exams. For instance, the patient may go through a series of blood work, which the samples will be placed in a culture medium and analyzed for microbial growth. Also, gram-staining techniques can be used to identify the existence of specific parts on the bacterial body and locate its virulent factors. Alternatively, imaging exams such as computerized tomography (CT scan) or magnetic resonance (MR scan) which enables doctors
Discussion The gram stain of the unknown microbe showed purple bacilli, confirming the gram-reaction as positive. This is due to the cellular structure of the cell wall, in which the thick layer of peptidoglycan holds crystal violet dye during the staining process and is not decolorized (K. Rudolph. [Clemson University, Clemson, SC], personal communication). The gram-reaction was further confirmed by growth on the Phenylethyl alcohol agar (PEA)