wavelength (m) or if the wave is travelling through a vacuum: c=fλ where c = speed of light (ms-1) f = frequency (Hertz) λ = wavelength (m) Law of Reflection: When a ray of light is bounced or reflected off of a plane surface, there is a specific law that can be used to predict the angle at which it is reflected off of the surface. This is known as the ‘Law of Reflection’ and it states: “… the incident ray, the reflected ray, and th... ... middle of paper ... ...development. Within the various
between the two media. The amount of bending depends on the indices of refraction of the two media and is described quantitatively by Snell's Law. (Refer to diagram below) The index of refraction is defined as the speed of light in vacuum divided by the speed of light in the medium. In this experiment, the index of refraction for the perspex is 1.50. Snell's Law relates the indices of refraction of the two media to the directions of propagation in terms of the angles to the normal. It refers
Introduction: Scientists and engineers have been able to enhance our lifestyles by understanding and using the Laws, Concepts and Principles of Optics and how they are applied in Optical Instruments. The key concepts are: a. Lights as a form of electromagnetic radiation Electromagnetic radiation is a term used to describe a pair of electric and magnetic fields that promulgate together at the speed of light. This means that light holds electric and magnetic components. The accelerated movement of
I=40 Angle r=28 This does not happen on my averaged results, which means that my graph is not accurate. This means that my Graph does not support my prediction. A better way of getting results that are more proportional would be to use 'Snell's Law'. This means that you multiply the angle of incidence by sin and the angle of refraction also by sin; separately.
the angle of incidence, and the angle r between the refracted ray and the normal vector on the opposite side is called the angle of refraction. This is related in the following law, called Snell's Law: ni sin i = nr sin r. For red light in air hitting water this gives sin r = sin i/1.33 Solving for Snell's Law for r gives the relation r = arcsin (sin i/n) Explicit Calculation In simple ray tracing, a ray originates at a point P at a directional vector v, which is of unit length. This
hitting a less dense medium, which results in it being refracted at 900 to the normal. Normal: A line at right angles to boundary through chosen points. There are two main laws of refraction of light: 1. The refracted ray lies in the same plane as the incident ray and normal at the point of incidence. 2. (Snell's law). The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant for two given media. This constant is the refractive index (n). When referring
Finding out the Speed of Light Through Perspex Aim To find out the speed of light through Perspex by passing a narrow ray of light through a D-Block of Perspex, by using the same concepts and ideas as Snell's Law. Background Light is an electromagnetic wave. The speed of light depends on the medium through which it propagates: it goes fastest in a vacuum, almost as fast in air but considerably slower in glass. Because of the special role it plays in many parts of physics, the speed
LAW OF REFLECTION When a light ray strikes a plane mirror it changes its direction which is known as “reflection”. The light ray, which strikes the mirror, is known as “incident ray” and the ray after reflection is known as “reflected ray”. The perpendicular line which bisects the incident ray and reflected ray is called normal drawn to the point of intersection. The incident ray, reflected and the normal drawn to the point of intersection lie on the same plane. (Fig 1) When the light reflects
More generally, if the rays enter and leave a prism at right angles (Assuming the rays only travels through one medium while passing through the prism), the only effect on the image will be the reflection of the rays off of its surfaces. Since the law of reflection I= -I’ (Angle of incidence equals the negative of the angle of reflection) is not effected by the medium, the effect of the prism will be same as that of reflective surfaces or mirrors placed in the same location as the reflective surfaces
Exploring Refraction Refraction is the bending of the path of a light or sound wave as it passes across the boundary separating two mediums. If a wave of light travels from one medium to another the direction is changed. Refraction is caused by the change in speed experienced by a wave when it changes medium. A wave doesn't just stop when it reaches the end of a medium there will be some reflection off the boundary and some transmission into the new medium. The wave undergoes refraction
What is a refractometer and what are the uses? A refractometer is an optical device that is used to measure the optical density or refractive index of a substance. Refractive index is a dimensionless number that describes how light, or any other radiation is bent as it moves through a medium. It is the ratio of light’s velocity in a vacuum (n=1) to its velocity in the sample. The greater the increase in optical density or refractive index, the greater the speed of light is reduced in a solid, gas
Light: the quantum phenomenon that provides luminous energy for our world. Radiant energy is why we can observe a twinkling star in the night sky, perceive colors from a painting, distinguish daytime and nighttime, and witness life itself. However, the concept of light is difficult to digest. Many questions about it are yet to be pondered, and most existing ones require technology beyond your and my reach to answer. But we can prove something without much modern tools: manipulation of light. Manipulation
The Speed of Light Through Perspex Planning Light travels at different speeds through different mediums. The speed of light in air is 300,000,000m/s. When light enters an optically denser medium, it bends towards the normal (refracts). You can work out the refractive index of by dividing the sine of the incidence angle by the sine of the angle of refraction and then working out the ratio of the two. Sine i Sine r From this refractive index you can work out the speed of light through
Atmospheric Optics Light is all around us, from both natural and artificial sources, during the day and the night. We think we understand it, and that what we see by it is an exact representation of what we are looking at. However we can be mistaken; the setting sun seen on the horizon has in fact already dropped below the horizon. Twinkling stars are also an effect of this same process, called refraction. Light passing through a medium such as air or water can be absorbed and scattered by the
innocent" (Kohl 6). And Dr. Joseph Fletcher remarked that he welcomed the fact that Judge Russell Frankel of the N.Y. Federal District Court and others had adopted this statement for public use, "We should make a study of whether suicide and other laws can be modified to enable victims of terminal illnesses to avoid the unwelcome prolongation of life with assistance and without penalty" (I... ... middle of paper ... ...vidual to be a person. Euthanasia adherents propose that we redefine "person"
Morals and Laws in Antigone A crucial question in Antigone is, "When someone makes a law that is known by the public to be morally wrong, should the public break his/her law? Or should they collaborate with that person by obeying? Antigone felt that the law (no one was supposed to bury her brother Polyneicies) should be broken so she took what she thought to be appropriate measures. This is called Civil Disobedience. Another question is "Is Civil Disobedience morally and ethically correct?"
Development of Abortion This essay traces the development of abortion law in English and American society up to the time of Roe v. Wade in 1973. Beginning with Biblical citations, the essay researches the Early Church Fathers on the issue; the American colonies; developments of the 1800's which caused change, and so on. Up to the time of the Protestant Reformation, the English society inherited its traditional anti-abortion law from the Church practice of 1500 years standing; which belief began
privilege to vote on laws that effect them. Why is the law concerning euthanasia any different? The opponents to euthanasia do not want the issue to go to the polls, because they are worried of the outcome. This is still no excuse to deny the right to vote to citizens. Surveys have been conducted throughout the US and it shows that sixty percent of Americans support euthanasia. Yet these opinions are not being recognized, because these opinions are not expressed in a vote. This law just as any other
Laws vs. Morals in Huck Finn "What is right is not always popular and what is popular is not always right." Whether he knows it or not, the character Huck Finn is a perfect example of the truth in this quote. His struggle between knowing in his mind and what is legal, but feeling in his heart what is moral was predominant throughout the novel. Today, we'll examine three examples of situations when Huck had to decide for himself whether to follow the law, or his heart. When the story begins
Line by Line Analysis of Robert Frost's The Road Not Taken Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, The key word here is "two". Throughout our lives we constantly face decisions where we have two choices. Even when it seems there is only one choice, we can decide either to DO it, or NOT do it; so there are STILL two alternatives. And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood Then there are times we wish we could do BOTH; HAVE our cake and eat it too! We know we can't