Sexual Differentiation and its Effects on Sexual Orientation What controls a human's sexual orientation? The long-standing debate of nature versus nurture can be extended to explaining human sexual orientation. Is it biological or environmental? The biological explanation has been gaining popularity amongst the scientific community although it is only based on speculations. It is argued that sexual orientation is linked to factors that occur during sexual differentiation. The prenatal exposure
match their inner identity and spirits as women, or men" (Berdache 1). According to gender expert Carl Bushong, gender is a composition of five different factors. Due to this, he says there can be thousands of different combinations of gender (2). Sexual disorders may have a great deal to do with chromosomal makeup, but they are also rooted in the makeup of the psyche. The first category of Dr. Bushong's theory is genetics. Due to defects in fertilization, fetuses can have a chromosomal pattern of
Sex determination is decided by the 23rd pair of chromosomes commonly known as the sex chromosomes. Males have XY as their 23rd pair and females have XX. A female gamete, the ovum, can only receive only the X chromosome and the male gamete, the spermatozoon can receive either the X or the Y chromosome when meiosis occurs. Therefore the male sperm is responsible for the sex determination of the baby. Example: Figure 1: a Punnet square showing that there is an equal opportunity for a foetus to
are anomalies in the sexual genetic make-up of humans. Three classes of hermaphrodites have been identified: true, female pseudo, and male pseudo. True or mosaic hermaphrodites have a sexual genetic makeup of XXXY as opposed to the normal XX or XY. The individuals with this composition can have genitalia that range from completely male or female to a mixture of both female and male parts. They are usually assigned to the gender they most closely represent (Sex Differentiation Disorders 1). Although
Influence of Parents on Children's Sexual Orientation Do parents influence their children's sexuality? The answer may surprise you: no they do not. It has been found that about 90% of sons of gay fathers are heterosexual (Bailey 124). It was also found that 90% of daughters of lesbian women are also heterosexual (Golombok 4). According to a poll taken by Northwestern University almost 95% of people expect children of homosexual parents to be homosexual themselves (Bailey 125)
As a pediatrician and urologist specifically concentrating on disorders of sexual development (DSD)- “congenital conditions in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical” (Arnold/Saguy, Lecture 11)- every once in a while, a pregnant woman, whose first child is born with congenital androgen hyperplasia (CAH), comes to my office asking for a medicinal point of view on the biological, psychological, and ethical methods of treatment of her second child. Since recent
Define Gilman’s terms “sex-distinction” and “sex-attraction.” Discuss how you feel (if you do) society today still overemphasizes both terms. Draw on your own experiences or a friend’s experience to give support for your argument. (pages 203-211) In “Women and Economics,” Gilman suggest that humans are the only species in which one sex wholly depends on the other sex economically. Gilman points out that women are fully dependent on men for life’s necessities—her economic status is about her sex
a side, one must know what a stem cell is. A stem cell is an unspecialized cell characterized by the ability to self-renew by mitosis while in undifferentiated state, and the capacity to give rise to various differentiated cell types by cell differentiation (Stem Cell). There are three types of stem cells in the human body: embryonic, hematoietic, and adult (Lee). Hematoietic stem cells come from the blood of the umbilical cord (Lee). Adult stem cells are taken
The medical world is no stranger to controversy surrounding its attempts to create a utopia with no disease or injury that cannot be cured. To summarize it, regenerative medicine is a new practice that allows our body to fix itself using its own cells. This would not only cure, for example, a pair of failing kidneys; it would eliminate the thousands of deaths a year of those on the waiting list for an organ donation. The ability to regenerate dying cells, which make up the tissue forming an organ
clumped up, they begin to differentiate spontaneously. They can randomly turn into muscle cells, nerve cells, or any type of other cell. In order to make specific cells like heart muscle cells or blood cells, scientists must try to control the differentiation of these cells. Heart disease, traumatic spinal injury, diabetes, vision and hearing loss are all potentially curable if scientists are able to find a way to fully control these embryonic cells. Mice injected with embryonic cells have shown recovery
"Stem cell research is the key to developing cures for degenerative conditions like Parkinson's and motor neuron disease from which I and many others suffer." -- Stephen Hawking As college students, it is important that we know and care about the issue of stem cell research. Stem cell research is currently legal in most countries. The United States, normally a leader in new frontiers, is one of the last to explore this territory. As it is slowly being pushed forward, we are going to have to know
From the above illustrate figure 4, Xiaomi is position at the lower customer value of frontier line which place themselves with low cost and low customer value. While Huawei precedes Xiaomi with their position at fair customer value frontier line with high cost as well as high customer value. This symbolise Huawei are ahead of Xiaomi in bringing more value proposition to customer except with a higher cost. However, Xiaomi can be ahead of its competitor by placing themselves at a better customer value
Mitosis Have you ever wondered how your injuries heal? Or how you get taller? Well this is all a result of a process called Mitosis. Mitosis is the process when cells duplicate to create more cells. This process goes through 4 important phases. Those 4 steps are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Those phases are a part of the cell cycle, there are also 2 other steps that are important in the cycle. They are interphase and cytokinesis. The cell cycle is a cycle that all organisms go through
. Based on the calculations shown in the Appendix, following are the recommendation for each of the 3 methods: • As per the Net Present Value (NPV) derived, I recommend Strategy 2, which is positive by value, as it ensures that the firm has reached an optimal scale of investment with this project. It means that the firm is paying less than what the asset is worth, which is good for the company. • As per the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) generated, I recommend Strategy 2 because IRR derived (16.46%)
The first neural induction in amphibian embryos has given the Nobel Prize in Medicine award to Hans Spemann in 1935 for his “Spemann-Mangold organizer” paper. The discovery with her student Hilde Mangold leads to establishment of a neuroectodermal primordium from where the nervous system arise involving induction of chemicals such as the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and WNT signalling, together with inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP) signalling activity to promotes neuron development
What can one day cure diseases such as cancer? Stem cells. Stem cells are the future in medical technology. In this paper I will discuss what stem cells are, the history behind stem cell research, how stem cells might help treat diseases, and what diseases stem cells could potentially treat. I will also discuss the positives of stem cell research, the negatives of stem cell research, and what the hope for stem cell research is. First of all, what are stem cells? Stem cells are immature cells that
strategies. Operations management has dealt with globalisation effectively and greatly reduced costs and provided the business with a competitive advantage at the expense of the business reputation and individuality. Strategies which involve product differentiation have been used very effectively and are beneficial to Qantas. However the more cost leadership strategies that Qantas uses, the more likely that the business will lose it’s own individuality as the “Red Kangaroo”. In general, Qantas has been able
Although some find embryonic stem cells unethical, supporting embryonic stem cell research will benefit humankind in many aspects. While many support embryonic stem cell research, some people oppose it say that it is an unethical practice. According to these people, embryonic stem cells require murdering a baby, human life is defined by rational beings, those capable of rational thought or a consciousness. In order to be rational one must have a consciousness, the ability to have thoughts and feel
competition down to three classic strategies: cost leadership product differentiation; and market segmentation. These generic strategies represented the three ways in which an organization could provide its customers with what they wanted at a better price, or more effectively than others. Essentially Porter maintained that companies compete either on price (cost), on perceived value (differentiation), or by focusing on a very specific customer (market segmentation). Competing
customers of small-and medium-size businesses. A good ground network is needed for the new market, DHL invests more in developing and improving its infrastructure for satisfying the new market. For the business level strategies, DHL adopts the Differentiation Strategies. DHL differentiates itself with competitors by identifying strategic customers and knowing what they value.As to raise awareness of DHL’s brand in U.S., DHL is spending $150 million annually on promotion that tweaks UPS and FedEx. DHL