Medication/drug name The brand name is Lexapro, but is known generically as Escitalopram. Lexapro is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) (Escitalopram, 2011). Lexapro is used to treat: acute and maintenance treatment of Major Depressive Disorder and Acute Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Forest Pharmaceuticals, 2012). Lexapro can treat adults for both MDD and GAD. Lexapro is not FDA-indicted to treat adolescent with GAD, but is approved for adolescents (aged 12-17) with MDD
Citalopram Generic Name: Citalopram Brand name: Celexa, Cipramil INTRODUCTION Citalopram is one of the Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which are prescribed mainly for depressive episode. INDICATIONS • Depression –FDA approved. • Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) • Panic disorder • Generalized anxiety disorder • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) • Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) DOSAGE AND ADMININSTRATION Dosage Forms Tablets
“Antidepressants Prevent Suicide” In 2008 Ed Edelson stated in his article “Antidepressants Prevent Suicide” that antidepressants help prevent suicidal thoughts and tendencies. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warns against the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in antidepressants in case of potential risk of suicidal signs (Edelson). Treating depression with antidepressants and/or therapy has shown a reduction of suicide attempts in patients. That the benefits of using antidepressants
1980s that a newer class of antidepressants revolutionized the treatment of depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the first of these medications to be available in the United States. Fluoxetine (Prozac) was the first of its kind. (Kramlinger, 2001) Fluoxetine first appeared in scientific literature as Lilly 110410 (the hydrochloride form), a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, in August 15, 1974 issue of, Life Sciences (Wong,... ... middle of paper ... ...el
The Effect of SSRI Medications on our Humanity Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are currently one of the most controversial groups of medicines, with fluoxetine, more commonly known by its brand name Prozac, at the head of the controversy. Opponents of the use of SSRI medications as a successful and safe method for treating depression and related disorders assert that the actions of the drug are an unnatural and a dangerous form of tampering with our neurochemistry. Not only are
the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and limbic system. Barbiturates have their own binding sites and modulate the chloride channel. They increase the duration of this channel, while benzodiazepines increase the frequency. Also barbiturates are less selective than benzodiazepines on the CNS. Barbiturates are positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors. These drugs bind to this receptor at the beta end, which are distinct from GABA and benzodiazepine binding sites as well as block the AMPA receptor
medication available to depression patients remains a choice in accordance to the patient’s characteristics and which treatment is deemed safe with less severe side effects. Antidepressants used today inhibit the role of serotonin and norepinephrine transporters, therefore preventing reuptake of targeted neurotransmitters. Although TCA’s are much cheaper to administer to patients, the overall rate of patients running depression-free is significantly lower than those patients who are prescribed SSRI’s.
call neurotransmitters, which include amino acids (Wasserman, 2011). The neurotransmitters in ours brain affects our emotions, which is why it is connected to depression (Wasserman, 2011). These neurotransmitters include noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin (Wasserman, 2011). Noradrenaline regulates anxiety and mood levels, which may lead to depression when a person is experiencing stress (Wasserman, 2011). Dopamine is involved in mental activity (Wasserman, 2011). When there is low dopaminergic activity
1.1 Introduction: Depression is commonly understood as an individual’s feelings of sadness or a general undermining of the individuals normal functioning which has a direct effect on the individual themselves and also their family and friends. A man by the name of Hippocrates, who was described as the father of western medicine, initially described an individual’s low mood as “Melancholia”. Hippocrates described melancholia as having specific mental and also physical symptoms. In its 2400 year history
depressive disorder by correcting chemical imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain. Most antidepressants are believed to work by slowing the removal of certain chemicals from the brain. These chemicals are called neurotransmitters (such as serotonin and norepinephrine). Neurotransmitter is needed for normal brain function and are involved in the control of mood and in other responses and functions, such as eating, sleeping, pain and thinking. Antidepressants help people with depression by making
The Gender and Chemistry of Suicide Suicide is a perplexing aspect of human behavior. There are hundreds of possible causes for suicide, but one underlying reason usually prevails. When life seems unbearable and hopelessly dreary, the only apparent way out for some individuals is to end their own painful existence. To other mentally "stable" individuals, suicide can be a question that can never be answered. Suicide is final, and no one comes back to explain why the decision
“As of 2013, there are 2,165,279 kids on antidepressants” (CCHR International). Depression is a medical illness that more than 19 million kids in the United States have. This has been happening over the past several years and it can be caused by the genetic, biological, environmental, or psychological factors. Depression can affect anyone’s well-being and it can happen at any age. This is because there are medical imbalances in the brain that can influence anyone’s mood and behavior. Many people
medication, it has been found that serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are effective in treating OCD, which increases the level of serotonin in the brain. SRIs belong to a group of drugs called antidepressants. Antidepressants include: clomipramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline. Clomipramine is very different from the rest of them because the other antidepressants mainly affect serotonin only and they are called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, clomipramine
The humanistic theory had much influence after the time of World War II toward the late 1950’s (Hansell & Damour, 2008). According to Dombeck, (2006), the humanistic approach was defined to be consciously reflective, allowing one to have the ability to experience self-determination. The humanistic approach combines philosophy, existentialism, and the hierarchy of needs that motivates every individual person on a unique level of growth potential; it worked to find the importance of life’s true meaning’s
paper on all the theories of depression would be endless, as would be a study on all the different types of anti-depressants. Therefore I have tried to focus my paper on the serotonin hypothesis for depression, and more specifically how the serotonergic anti-depressants have backed up this theory. Of course, Any paper on serotonin-based anti-depressants must include the popular Prozac. Because of the excitement And controversy surrounding Prozac, I decided to channel most of my paper into the action
TB, Emergency of suicidal thinking or behavior, or unusual changes in behavior such as, sleeplessness, or withdrawal from normal social situations .Close monitoring is especially important in the first four weeks of treatment. The Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) medications usually have few side effects in teenagers so FDA recommends them to use them. Conclusion. We are able to discover that depression is a treatable disease using antidepressants as much as it may cause some of
can include frequent mood swings. There are multiple causes of depression and some scientists have argued that although hopelessness is a symptom, it can also be a cause. Along with that, other causes of depression include low brain levels of serotonin and norepinephrine. It would seem that there isn’t one sole cause of depression, but a combination of factors, at times involving a person’s genes, their biochemical environment, personal experience and psychological factors. Depression is not uniform
ANXIETY DISORDERS Feeling anxious is a natural human instinct. Although we all worry, there are some people who suffer from anxiety disorders that have taken over their lives. There are diverse factors that contribute to anxiety syndromes and treatment options as well. While there are several types of anxiety disorders with many different causes, it is a common condition because it manifests itself in various ways and most are very treatable. There are many different types of anxiety disorders
OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) OCD is a very common disorder affecting almost everyone in the world, some being affected much more than others. First of all I will give a brief definition of OCD. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder causes the brain to get stuck on one particular urge or thought that can’t easily be let go. People with OCD often call it a case of, “mental hiccups that won’t go away.” Everyone has this condition in one way or another. For instance, a man might go into a bathroom and
medication can help children and teens with depression (Bilsker, Gilbert, and Samra). The most commonly prescribed antidepressant are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. (These are also known as SSRIs.) This medication tends to have fewer side side effects than others, so they are a preferred treatment (Krans). SSRIs affect the neurotransmitter called serotonin by preventing the body from absorbing it so that is can be used more effectively