April 20, 2016 Presentation Question: Why can the year 1848 be hailed as: "The turning point in European history at which history failed to turn?” Answer: The revolutions of 1848 were largely a result of a widespread desire for reform of government and society, and a realization of nationalist views inspired by the French Revolution of 1789, Rousseau, and the Industrial Revolution. Because of the total suppression of the 1848 revolutions of Europe, they are often viewed by historians as a failure
Modern nationalism began as a liberal reaction to the autocracy of the dynastic states of Europe. Before the nineteenth century, nationality was based upon personal allegiance to a monarch. So a Frenchman living in 1785 would rightfully consider himself a subject of the bourbon king Louis xvi rather than a citizen of France. Moreover, the Frenchman need not even have been French by language and tradition as most of the dynastic states were made up of a mixture of culturally diverse peoples. During
the time he was alive, but continues to persist even today. The despair that is faced in the book can be correlated to personal testimonies of Kafka, the isolation that the Jewish bcommunity in Prague faced, the Revolution of 1848, the language barrier that they faced in the vast area, and many more issues going on. First, Gregor had alienated himself long before his metamorphosis into a beetle. Gregor not being able to communicate with those around him was furthering his detachment from
east; and to the south Italy and Slovenia. North-East is Vienna, Austria's capital and largest city, where about a fifth of the people live. Population Austria has a population of about 7« million. Most Austrian's choose to live in the lower east areas of the country and just south of the Danube River. Also the capital and largest city, more than one and a half-million of the Austrian population lives in Vienna. Other cities with more than 100,000 people living in them consist of Graz, Innsbruck
Italy. Revolts are suppressed. 1848-1849: Revolts all over Italy. Revolts are suppressed. 1858-1870: The unification of Italy Introduction To understand the unification of Italy, matters before the revolution need to be examined. Up until 1716, Italy was just a big piece of land divided among small kingdoms of monarchs. (ref. H.O. #1 p.29) When napoleon Bonaparte conquered Italy, he left them 3 things, which were probably the key characteristics in the revolution: - Efficient Government. - A