The NWMP: Development of Early Canadian Law Enforcement The creation of the North-West Mounted Police in 1873 was the "ultimate expression of the federal government’s control over policing" (Johnson & Griffiths: 1991, 29). The North-West Mounted Police (NWMP), predecessors of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) were created by the government of John A. MacDonald to police the prairies. Prior to the development of the NWMP, the only form of law enforcement came from employees of the Hudson
Province of Saskatchewan Saskatchewan is the central province of Canada bordered on the east and west by Manitoba and Alberta respectively, the Northwest Territories to the north, and by North Dakota and Montana to the south. The province has been inhabited by various indigenous populations for thousands of years, but was first explored by Europeans in the late 1600s. Settlement began in 1774, and it officially became a province in 1905. The province was named after the Saskatchewan River, a 340
the belief in Riel that he had a religious mission to lead the Metis peoples of Canada. During his absence from Canada he worked in Montana at a Jesuit mission, Louis was asked by a delegation from the Metis community from the South branch of Saskatchewan river to present their resentment to the Government of Canada. Despite all that Riel did, it was not enough for the Canadian Government, as they ignored the Metis’ concerns. By March 1885, Metis patience was disabled, and a provisional government
Louis Riel passed away on November 16, 1885 in his 41st year of living. Predeceased by his parents Louis Riel Sr. and Julie Lagimodiere, his son Jean-Louis Riel and daughter Marie-Angelique Riel. As a leader for Metis freedoms and culture, Riel was celebrated as one of the most enduring Canadian Politicians of Canadian history and is solemnly remembered as a hero by the Metis and Francophone communities of Manitoba and beyond. Riel was born 1844 in St. Boniface within the Red River Settlement of
The Conference Board of Canada has predicted that Saskatchewan will lead the country in economic growth in 2012. According to a February 2012 news release by the Saskatchewan Government Saskatchewan is currently “posting the strongest economic growth in Canada - a gain of 3.9 per cent in real Gross Domestic Product (GDP)”. (add citation)Although our province is experiencing strong economic growth, many people in Saskatchewan are not benefiting from the economic boom. According to the Canadian Council
Confilcting Ideas of the Past in Canada He has been called a prophet, a traitor, a martyr, a visionary and a madman, but whatever one thinks of him, Louis Riel, remains one of the most controversial figures in Canadian history. Does this man who has continued to haunt Canadian history for more than a century after his execution, deserve all of those descriptions? After reading three different interpretations of the rebellions, it is still difficult to decide which is closer to the truth. All
In the article titled “The Manitoba Land Question, 1870-1882” Sprague argues that the federal government was largely responsible for failing to properly address Metis Land claims. Sprague believes the Canadian government purposefully mismanaged and controlled Metis land organization to further its agenda. He also argues that the Canadian government did not hold up its constitutional obligation as per the Manitoba Act. Lastly Sprague suggests that newly introduced laws opened doors for settlers and
Alberta Treaty History Treaty 6 Alexander Morris, a Canadian politician serving under John A. Macdonald, began the signing of Treaty 6 in August of 1876. Treaty 6 was signed in Fort Carlton Saskatchewan, near a river the Aboriginal people called ka-kisiskaciwan, with around two thousand Plains Cree, Woodland Cree, and Assiniboines peoples present (“Treaty 6”, 2005). Aboriginal peoples of the West were dying from smallpox and their buffalo were down to two known herds in the Cypress Hills (“Treaty
By the mid 19th century, Canada was taking its first steps as a new colony in the British Empire. The Canadian government was faced with several challenges at the time, John A. MacDonald, the Prime Minister, had a plan to ensure that the Dominion of Canada's first century was a successful one. A major component of this plan was the establishment of a stable population in the West who worked the lands to create a strong agricultural economy. This agenda was not without its obstacles and conflict,
July 11th 1990, marked the beginning date of the Oka Crisis in Quebec Canada. It lasted until September 26th 1990 resulting in one fatality of a local police officer. The violent clash was triggered by something as simple as a golf course extension and as complicated as native burial traditions. It had drawn world attention, catapulting native land rights into the mix. The Oka Crisis is just one of many conflicts between the Aboriginals and the Canadian government. A major issue that has been of
First Nations The significant societal, economical, and political changes of the First Nations tend to be overlapping and correlational. As political maintenance declines the economy declines, and as the economy declines society crumbles and quality of life declines. While issues in one area cause issues in others it becomes hard to separate what can be solved politically vs. societally. All issues, either with society or politics, cause damage to the First Nations economic situation creating gaping
It is illogical to attempt to ‘reap’ what you do not ‘sow.’ However, from 1870 to 1885, many Canadians thought this was a legitimate frame of mind in handling affairs with groups in the North-West. Their selfishness, to them, was sanctified. Sanctified because a push for the formation of Canada overshadowed and overruled each stage in a long, unfriendly struggle. In his article, “Causes of the 1885 Struggle,” Howard clarifies that giving the label, “Riel rebellion,” to these struggles, is a misleading
Patriote or Traitor? Louis Riel was born in 1844. He was captured and executed by Canadian authorities in November 16, 1885. He was a leader who gave up his life and time to fight for the right of the Metis, Indians and the western settlers. He was an well-educated young man fluent in both French and English. He was also selected as the Metis’s spokesman to negotiate with the Canadian government. During the 1869-70, he led the rebel when Canada purchases Manitoba from the Hudson’s bay company
Louis Riel played a big role in Canada and was fighting for the rights of Metis. He was captured and executed by Canadian authorities in November 16, 1885 in Regina. Louis Riel did not receive a fair trial due that he was fighting for the rights of the Metis and people. It was inappropriate to accuse Riel as a traitor. He tried to defend the traditional right of Metis and equal people and dedicated his life to help others like Metis, Native Indians and Western settlers. He gained a lot of respect
Canada is a large country with a history of many people and cultures, both good, and bad. Louis Riel, one of the most controversial men in history, was not a hero; in fact he may have been the mere opposite. Riel, one of the most famous Metis leaders, is greatly viewed in the perspective of some, but he can also be viewed, as a true rebel, and someone who wasn’t a heroic Metis. Although Riel took part in joining Manitoba in the dominion of Canada, he also threatened the new dominion of Canada. Riel’s
I believe that The First Nations did, in fact, have conflict with the Europeans due to the over hunting of animals, specifically beavers. In this position paper, I will explain my viewpoint through three contentions relating to the resolution at hand. First, the First Nations spirituality with animals, then the proof of actual over hunting, and lastly, the European and First Nation visible animosity. Furthermore, I will now delve into my first contention. The First Nations have a special connection
Sitting Bull Exile to Canada Many things influenced Sitting Bull's decision to cross the border into Canada. After Custer's defeat at Little Bighorn, Sitting Bull had to live life in fear. He fought on the defensive for years. Sitting Bull and his followers fled from the onslaught of American howitzers. He then was able to find sanctuary in the White Grandmother's Country, north of the international boundary. "Most of the band drifted back in the next few years; Sitting Bull himself was to return
Allen Sapp is a famous Indian artist. He was born in 1928 on the Red Pheasant Reserve near Battleford, Saskatchewan. He was raised and cared for by his grandmother, Maggie Soonias because his mother died of tuberculosis. He was a sickly child who was often picked on by other children. He took great pleasure in painting and drawing, beginning at age eight. 	Sapp married and in 1960 his son David was born in a tuberculosis sanitorium where his wife was sick. In 1961 she got out and they moved to
The Life and Political Achievements of Sir Wilfrid Laurier of Canada Laurier gained great achievement over his political years because he represented Canada as a whole. His family first came to Canada dating back to the time of New France and the early Montreal years. Laurier's father, a government surveyor and a genial, settled down in Canada and got married to Marcelle Martineau. Wildfrid was their first child who was born on November 20, 1841. Seven years later a tragedy struck the
University Press, 1987) 5) Lussier, Antoine S. The Other Natives, (Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation Press, 300-275 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 2B3, 1975) 6) MacEWAN, Grant. Metis Makers Of History, Saskatoon: Western Prarie Books, Saskatchewan, 1981) 7) Maguet, Elizabeth. Hold High Your Heads, (Winnipeg: Pemican Publications, 412 McGregor St., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 1992) 8) Sealey Bruce D. The Metis: Canada’s Forgotten People, (Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation Press