build and integrate different parts of its value chain. For a long time, this direction worked very well for the company. Orphan drugs represented a niche market that had minimal competition, besides the fact that there was an increased prevalence of rare diseases around the globe and most of the affected people were willing to pay huge amount to improve their standard of living. This resulted in positive financial results for Genzyme, which has been ranked one of the most respected companies globally
Geographic tongue is a disease that affects .6% of Americans. The papillae on the tongue is depleted which leads to several symptoms. The causes of outbreak are certain food types and sometimes stress. This disease gets its name because of the appearance when the tongue breaks out into lesions. It appears to look like a map of different countries on the tongue. The treatment for this disease is usually topical creams, antihistamines, and steroids. Life with geographic tongue is difficult but manageable
Genzyme’s strategic direction was very interesting in that they essentially pursued a strategy that seemingly was purposely avoided by other players in the pharmaceutical industry (Schilling, N.D.). Their strategy centered on developing prescriptions for rare diseases. Typically “developing a drug takes 10 to 14 years and costs an average of $800 million to perform the research, run the clinical trials, get FDA approval, and bring a drug to market,” and in turn it is normally intuitive, from an economic
suffer from minor flus and some have to undergo life-threatening surgeries. There are some who will have to take medicines all throughout their life and some face horrible treatments. But the most saddening thing is suffering from a disease that is so rare that only handful people know about it. It is such a bad luck that you are one in a million who is suffering from a weird disease. Medical science has undergone a great revolution, it is getting better and more advanced than it was some decades
Congenital Insensitivity to Anhidrosis (or CIPA) is a rare genetic disease with the characteristics of not being able to feel any pain or temperature, and little or no sweating. It is inherited by an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning that both parents have a mutated NTRK1 gene, but they do not show any symptoms of CIPA. The damaged NTRK1gene produces proteins that cannot transmit signals. Since the neurons do not get any signals from the proteins, they perform apoptosis. Apoptosis is a process
many habituation studies of a wide range of species are just a few objectives. Monitoring GPS and radio telemetry for learning purposes and habitat maintenance that includes water, pumps, fence lines, plant and animal management are also a few other duties. The Zingela predator conservation project embodies the idea of tackling a number of different events to help sustain threatened and rare species in the African region. A few of the majority species that are targeted are the cheetah, hyena, leopard
Every species on earth has it's variants. For example, the differences between Wood Ducks and Mallards have evolved for specific reasons - namely, those which best ensure the survival of the Duck species in different environments. The same applies to humans. The Negro race has evolved under a certain set of conditions and those conditions differed vastly from those under which the Nordic Aryan race evolved. Whereas the Nordic Aryan needed warmth and shelter in the cold climates of Europe and consequently
Could you imagine visiting one of the world’s most extensive coral reefs on earth? Biscayne National Park is home to thousands of plant and animal species. The park is located at the northern end of the Florida Keys, between Key Biscayne and Key Largo. Biscayne National Park was founded on October 18, 1968 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. Biscayne National Park was chosen mostly for its nature, but it also has a rich human history of over 10,000 years. Almost every island in the park shows the impact
forms and keeping natural ecosystems functioning and healthy. Biodiversity is being depleted by the loss of habitat, fragmentation of habitat, over exploitation of resources, human sponsored ecosystems, climatic changes, pollution invasive exotic species, diseases, shifting cultivation, poaching of wild life etc. Since the human beings are enjoying all the benefits from biodiversity, they should take proper care for the preservation of biodiversity in all its form and should prevent the degradation
animals. For example, the panda that was at the Atlanta zoo originated from China, since the panda is used to the environment in China, the climate of Georgia has affected them, therefore they were sent back to China to secure their health. Several species such as gray bats, Indiana bats, manatees, and humpback whales are endangering due to human’s overhunting activities (Castleberry 2005). Some animals in Georgia are affected by the conditions and climate of the area, while other animals affect the
was about Environmental Science and Ecology. The presenter was Jamie Lane, and she was a Environmental Science graduate student at UIS. Her presentation was called “Spatial Association Between Bison and Brown-Headed Cowbirds” and it focused on a species, the brown-headed cowbird, that had not been studied much previously. The purpose of this study was to reveal the relationship between bison and the brown-headed cowbirds, and also to observe the distance between female cowbirds in feeding and nonfeeding
There are many different species of organisms in the world. Some species, such as dominant species, are one example of having a large impact. They are species that are the most abundant in an area or have the most biomass, however, there are no definite reasons as to why they become the dominating species. Some debate that these species excel at competing for resources while others argue that they excel in avoiding predation. Yet, there are other species who provide a very large impact on its environment
Although its origins may have come from a fascination of exotic animals, throughout the years, zoos have constantly evolved and improved beyond their early predecessors; however, it has always involved the process of scientific inquiry. Today’s modern day zoo does not merely exist for entertainment value, even though many guests may initially visit with amusement in mind, most walk away with a greater knowledge of wildlife and the current issues they are facing within our environment. Zoos serve
way to preserve the genes of species faced with extinction due to weak reproductive abilities or a population, which is split and unable to reach another population. A member of an endangered species can be cloned and reintroduced into the original or a distant and unreachable population. Another option is the member being cloned can be brought back to life after it has died in order that its genes are still part of the gene pool. An estimated one hundred species go extinct each and every day
that time. There were two species of Liopleurodon which lived in Jurassic Period. The name ‘Liopleurodon’ is derived from Greek. It means “smooth-sided teeth”. The name was given by Henri Emile Sauvage. Sauvage gave this name because in 1873, he found the fossils of three teeth which were just 7 centimeter in length. The two species of Liopleurodon are L. ferox and L. pachydeirus Out of the two species, L. forex is quite known and famous. The fossils of both the species are found in the countries
and every different species within each lineage evolved all have many different ideas as to what happened and why each event happened. One of the many ongoing debates dealing with human evolution is formed around one of the newest species discovered called Homo floresiensis, otherwise known as the “Hobbit”. The confusion of the debate is that it is thought that this species of modern humans either evolved from an undocumented small-bodied, small-brained pre-Homo erectus species who underwent island
to the tree-like branching pattern of evolution. The molecular record is another line of evidence for evolution. Molecular records show a stronger evidence for evolution by comparing the DNA of different species. Even though fossils that are similar gives a physical relation to another, species DNA show more similarities. For example humans and chimpanzees are similar in appearance, structure but are more closely related by DNA. Humans are Primates right along with the great apes, one of the main
NEED AND PURPOSE FOR CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY: Biodiversity, a contraction of “biological diversity,” generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. The very existence of human species and sustainable development depend on biodiversity conservation, therefore the need for conservation of biodiversity is basically for this reason that all living creatures need other creatures and plants in one way or the other. At least 40 per cent of the world’s economy and 80 per cent
States have been breeding them for years hoping that by maintaining genetic diversity in the species, they might eventually be able to reintroduce golden frogs to their native cloud forests in western Panama. But a combination of factors, including
Evolution is a theory that gives origin to Earth’s living things. The theory of evolution is considered as one of the fundamental keystones of biology. Even though it is only considered a theory, in biology theories are supported by much experimental evidence and express ideas that are certain. Evolution accounts for life’s unity and diversity. The hypothesis of evolution was first introduced by Jean Baptiste Lamarck in 1809. Lamarck proposed how life changes over time. His principles included the