2002). A common sulphide is pyrite, or iron disulfide (FeS2), and throughout this essay it will be pyrite that will be the primary sulphide considered. Acid mine drainage is not a new phenomenon, early mining techniques utilized gravity to avoid water pooling, resulting in the water becoming polluted by acid, iron, sulphur and aluminium (U.S.E.P.A., 2002). It is most commonly associated with coal mining, especially with soft coal, coal that has high sulphur content. The pyrite that is present in coal
mineral at all. It’s a rock which is made up of combination of lazurite, calcite, and pyrite, with small amounts of other minerals. Lapis trade grades are based on color and the presence or absence of pyrite and calcite. Today in the market, Lapis lazuli is traded in order of their value such as the Persian or the Afghan stone is uniform, intense, slightly violetish in color and medium dark with little or no pyrite and calcite making it one of the rarest and most expensive lapis. In order of cost
Good Morning ladies and gentlemen. Today I will be giving you information to reflect on. The mirror. The word mirror derives from the Latin word, “mirari” which means to admire (Lowder). A mirror is essentially a reflection of yourself. Its uses have spanned to a variety of things throughout the years it has existed, way back to when the mirror was just a puddle. The very first man-made mirrors were created with obsidian and polished stone which have been found in Turkey dating back to 6000 years
wife had put the mirror in his hair behind his head. Ground and polished stone mirrors date back to 1500 BC in Mesoamerica. Depictions of the Classic-era Maya court often show kings gazing raptly into mirrors, usually made from a mosaic of iron pyrite pasted onto wood, slate or other material. Scene from a painted vase, a lord gazes at a small effigy
Barites are a solid mineral that combines barium and Sulphur. It is composed of Barium sulfate (BaSO4). The word barite is a Greek word derived from the word “barys” which means “heavy” which is with regards to its high specific gravity which makes it exceptionally suitable for its many applications in areas of medicine, manufacturing and industrial uses. Barite is the principal ore of Barium. Pure barites contain the following below (“Barite Mineral Data,” n.d.) Chemical Formula: BaSO4 Composition:
in Sicily and is still mined there today, just not in such quantities (Dunn, 2009) It can be extracted from a variety of minerals. In the northern Alps of France and Germany, sulfur was actually extracted from pyrite (FeS2) or “fools gold”. The sulfur was extracted by heating the pyrite to 450ºF represented by the chemical reaction 2 FeS2 ----> 2 FeS + S2 (Bretscher, 2009). Sulfur is a “matrix constituent” in the black powder. This means that it allows the powder to be a hotter and more stable
Introduction: The Bingham Canyon Mine, also known as the Kennecott Copper Mine, is an open-pit mine specializing in the mining of an extremely large porphyry copper deposit. Located in the Oquirrh Mountains southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah, the deposit itself is the result of a quartz monzonite porphyric intrusion into the sedimentary rocks in the area. Since the opening of the mine in 1906 it has produced more than 19 million tons of copper, making it the largest copper mine in the world as well
Clastic zone. Fissure. The main parameters for distinguishing fissure is THL and GVR images by well. As it discussed previously the cut off for fissure is less than 20ft, based on well data. Secondary distinctive parameter is resistivity image, the fissure does not have a structure, and mainly it is perpendicular to wellbore and has a rugged surface, usually conductive. According the observations fissures can be filled with sand or clay, and mixed. The figures #39 and #40 shows the distance from
The Origins of Life Before any speculation toward the origin of biotic forms, what was present at the formation of the earth that could result in inorganic, then organic, and later biotic creatures? Early atmospheric conditions have been theorized to be present due to planetesimal collisions releasing gases present in the Earth, after the initial atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium escaped Earth’s gravity assisted by heat energy. The earlier atmosphere is believed to have consisted mainly of
cases it is directly injected into abandoned underground mines. Since coal sludge contains toxins, leaks or spills can endanger underground and surface waters. The coal mining activities have exposed rocks containing the sulphur-bearing mineral pyrite. Pyrite reacts with air and water to form sulphuric acid and dissolved iron, and as water washes through mines, this compound forms a dilute acid, which can wash into nearby rivers and streams called Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). The transportation of coal
also has an affinity to sulfur. The two main types of copper ores are oxides and sulfides. Supergene oxide minerals consist of malachite, azurite, atacamite: CuCl(OH)3, and chrysocolla. Secondary enrichment sulfides consist of bornite, chalcocite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite CuFeS2. Chalcopyrite is the primary copper ore mineral, with more than 70% of producing copper mines exploiting chalcopyrite ore (Pohl, 2011). From 2007 to 2009, the United States competed back and fourth with Peru as the second
of actions including the old snafus with the match lock system which used a match or a piece of cord but was very unreliable if it was raining. The wheel lock system was a interesting apparatus that worked like a clock mechanism and used a piece of pyrite for the ignition source. This system took 2 hands and wasn't very cumbersome. Soon after that the flint lock system was introduced which was really reliable. It was used for almost 100 years before something
Introduction Bangladesh is a country in Asia, roughly the size of Iowa. The climate is tropical, with mild winters, hot, humid dry summers from March to June, and a warm rainy monsoonal season from June to October. The terrain is mostly flat, composed primarily of alluvial sediments, with hilly terrain dominating the southeastern portion of the country. Prior to 1970, surface water was the country’s primary drinking water source. The highly polluted surface waters pressed the need to find an alternative
Fossils can be divided into two categories, body fossils and trace fossils. Body fossils encompass preserved remains of an organism, such as bones, claws, teeth, skin, embryos, muscles, tendons, organs, and blood vessels (Col). Trace fossils are the indirect signs of life that give evidence of the organism’s presence, such as track ways, teeth marks, gizzard rocks, coprolites, burrows, and nests, which leave an impression behind after moving over a surface of soft sediment (Col). These fossil categories
Environmental Impacts of Fossil Fuel Use One of the main issues involved with fossil fuels are the environmental impacts that occur from their use. These problems; such as acid rain, oil spills, climate change, global warming, etc., are not only occurring with fossil fuel usage, but are also increasing due to the increase in the use of fossil fuels. This essay will vaguely explain the area of environmental impacts from fossil fuel use, and will attempt to change, or further increase your understanding
The Extinction Event and Life in the Post-Apocalyptic Greenhouse The biggest mass extinction of the past 600 million years (My), the end-Permian event (251 My ago), witnessed the loss of as much as 95% of all species on Earth. Key questions for biologists concern what combination of environmental changes could possibly have had such a devastating effect, the scale and pattern of species loss, and the nature of the recovery. New studies on dating the event, contemporary volcanic activity, and
The History of Guns “The invention of gunpowder as a means of hurling a projectile brought about a whole new era, not only in the development of weapons but also to all of history. Man had been on earth almost 1 million years before he made this discovery During that time physical strength had been the basis of power. The strongest man could hurl a spear the farthest and the hardest, bend the most powerful bow, and deal the heaviest strokes with his sword or ax. This gave him mastery in battle and
Minerals are used in everyday life and in almost everything we do. From the manufacturing of the plastic in our toothbrushes we use to brush our teeth in the morning, to the gasoline we put in our cars. Minerals touch our lives throughout the day and in many different ways. Fluorite is no exception. This mineral is used in so many different industries throughout the world and has been important to our daily lives in one form or another since its discovery which can be dated to prehistoric times.
Part A: Background information: Acids and bases are currently used in many various ways in our society and it is very important in daily uses. To many industries, acids and bases are a common factor as it is used to make fertilizer, cleaning supplies, or even sources of food or medicines to provide an easy life style. Acid is a substance with particular chemical properties, acids reacts with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas, acids also reacts with carbonate and bicarbonates to produce carbon
keep up with the demand of sulfur, early Chinese empires derived different ways to manufacture sulfur. According to Yunming, it was extremely hard to extract naturally occurring elemental sulfur. To overcome this inefficiency, a common mineral called pyrite would lead to a more advanced form of sulfur. The Ming dynasty would be responsible for this upgraded form of sulfur and lead to manufacturing contributions to the science of sulfur extraction