Essential Tremor in Older adults As we age, we face a host of age related changes, like hearing impairments, visual changes, increased short-term memory loss, natural bone loss, and decreased mobility. Comorbidities also increase with age such, as arthritis, hypertension, and heart disease. Another prevalent and often disregarding age related occurrence are essential tremors (ET) also referred to as senile tremors, familial tremors, benign tremors, intentional and action tremor. Essential tremors
My interest is Pharmacology has grown considerably since I read and researched the work of James.W.Black and his discovery of the drug named ‘Propranolol’. I learned that the drug is still a major part of medicine today especially in cardiovascular diseases e.g. hypertension and protecting the heart further in those who have angina or have had a heart attack previously. From learning about this, I realised that discovering one drug can have a major impact on the world of medicine. During my AS
How Our Brains Make Memories Summary The article “How Our Brains Make Memories” explains how traumatic events and the memories they hold can become forgotten over time. Karim Nader recalls the day that two planes slammed into the twin towers in New York City and like almost every person in the United States he had vivid and emotional memories of that day. However he knew better than to trust his recollections of that day because he was an expert on memory. He attended college at the University of
centers in The Netherlands conducted a human trial of the β-blocker propranolol to determine whether it could prevent the recall of a fear memory. Thirty equal ratio male and female participants were trained to fear a specific stimulus by showing them the stimulus and then applying an electric shock. The control group received the stimulus but no electric shock. One day later the participants received 40mg of either propranolol (can pass through the blood-brain barrier) or nadolol (cannot pass through
The human memory contains some of our most treasured values. It allows us to remember the past, present, and store information we may need for the future. Memory provides a guidance for us. It influences our behaviors, decisions, and defines our character; our identity. Although, not all memory is created equal and some are less favorable than others. Most would think of memory as a precious gift that we can hold onto forever, but there are also memories we wished to forget. Regardless of the type
Analysing The Ethics of Memory Manipulation Studies (Deletion and Implantation) Memory is the glue that binds your identity together. Without memory our lives would be stuck in this moment. We would never be able to learn from our past and make a change in our future. Memory represents who we are and how we learn and navigate the world. From implanting a false memory to deleting fear by interfering with memory processes, scientists are probing into our memories more than ever; using cutting-edge
Solubility is defined as the greatest amount of a solid, liquid or gaseous chemical substance that will dissolve in equilibrium in a specified volume of solid, liquid or gaseous solvent at a particular temperature or pressure to form a homogenous solution. Meanwhile, dissolution is a process whereby the solid chemical substance is dissolved in the solvent to form a solution. IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2009 defines solubility as the proportion of a specific solute in a specific solvent
Dispensing errors can be defined as content errors and/or labeling errors1. These errors generally involve pharmacists dispensing the wrong product to the patient or displaying wrong information on the dispensing label1. Error of medicinal content could mean supplying patient with a different product, strength, form or quantity from the prescription. Displaying the wrong information on the dispensing label could mean different patient’s name, different description of the medication or different dose
Graves’ disease is a disorder of the immune system that causes the thyroid gland to become hyperactive. Since this is an autoimmune disorder, the body’s immune system inadvertently attacks its own cell rather than protecting the body from external pathogens. This condition causes the body’s immune system to make abnormal chemicals called immunoglobulins that stimulate the thyroid gland to make an excessive amount of thyroid hormone. This overactive thyroid condition is called hyperthyroidism (Graves’
reflux inhibitor, also has side effects of diarrhea so dietary and nutritional concerns need to be addressed. Furosemide, a diuretic, may cause a drop in blood pressure upon standing, stand slowly wait until blood pressure is restored before moving. Propranolol, a hypertensive medication, can cause heart attack if suddenly stopped, important to consult a physician before stopping medication. Spironolactone, water pill, may impair thinking and concentration and is to be used in extreme caution with cirrhosis
Why are head to head collisions a big deal? A lot of people don’t understand the severity of a head injury. In a new study showing that head impacts among second grade football players are sometimes as severe as those seen at the college level, the national president of Pop Warner said he will propose a rule that, for the first time, would limit the amount of contact allowed in practices. While football is a very fun sport to participate in and to watch, it is very dangerous. Head collisions are
Humans Should Not Be Used In The Experiments To Make Medical Advances Medical experiments are an important tools that help in the development and advancement of the medical field. Medical experiments can be conducted on variety of living and non-living organisms. These organisms range from viruses to different species of mammals, and sometimes it may even include humans. Recently, the latter has been causing a lot of tension. Conducting medical experiments on humans was a major issue in the 20th
Suppositories are the unit solid dosage form designed to be inserted into the rectum. They are useful in avoiding first pass effect, to get sustained release effect and for giving drug to unconscious, pediatric and geriatric patients. In recent years, the suppositories have been widely used in different clinical units with ease and good therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the present article attempts to review the ingredients, preparation and evaluation arts, and the recent work done in the field of
A herb-drug interaction is defined as any pharmacological modification caused by a herbal substance(s) to another exogenous-chemical (e.g. a prescription medication) in the diagnostic, therapeutic or other action of a drug in or on the body (Brazier and Levine, 2003). This relates to drug-drug interactions, herb-herb interaction or drug-food interaction. A herb can potentially mimic, magnify or reduce the effects of co-administered drugs and the consequences of these interactions can be beneficial
Several factors affect the action of disintegrants such as: ratio of the disintegrant in tablet, particle size, molecular structure, compression force, method of incoroporation, compatibility with other excipients, adding more than one disintegrant, addition of surfactant, tablet hardness the tablets, API nature , mixing, screening and others [5,10,11]. In 1980, Rundic and co-workers found that larger CPV grades (with larger particle size) are more efficient than smaller one [12]. Later in 1981,
absorption usually faster than excretion . They have rapid therapeutic activities and are ideal for oral route . Basically , in vitro- In vivo correlation (IVIVC) can not be expected in BCS Class I drugs . The examples of drugs in Class I are propranolol , verapamil and metoprolol . Drug for BCS Class II has high permeability and low solubility properties . For examples , ketoprofen , bicalutamide , naproxen , phenytoin , carbamazepine and aceclofenac . Solvation rate of the drugs in BCS Class II
Migraines are one of the most common, episodic disorders, in which the patient experiences a severe headache that may also accompany with nausea, and/or light and sound sensitivity. Migraine pain can be mild to severe in intensity and can last four to seventy hours (Buttaro, Trybulski, Bailey, and, Sandberg-Cook, 2013). It usually has a preliminary period in which patients can experience tiredness, decreased concentration, irritability, and noticeable yawning. Warning signs like these may occur
Introduction Migraines are not as common as many believe, actually, only about 12 percent of the U.S population gets migraines (Reinald Shyti, Boukje de Vries, Arn van den Maagdenberg, 2011). The recurring headache can range anywhere from moderate to severe. There are four stages of symptoms starting with Prodrome symptoms which occur one to two days before a migraine attack. Prodrome symptoms include constipation, mood changes, food cravings, neck stiffness, increased thirst and urination, and frequent
This article is about Sociopaths. A sociopath is a person with a personality disorder manifesting itself in extreme antisocial attitudes and behaviour and a lack of conscience. This article explains what a Sociopath is and how someone diagnoses a Sociopath. It explains the signs and symptoms of a Sociopath and how they can possibly be treated. It shows us the differences between a Psychopath and a Sociopath. It also talks about different anti social disorders. It teaches us how to be cautious of
Kristen Dennis Honors Contract Essay Dr. Potter 2 May 2014 The Psychological Benefits of Pets 62% of Americans own at least one pet (Chloe)- 70% of pet owners have a dog and 46% have a cat (humanesociety.com). Americans spend more than $50 billion annually on their beloved dogs, cats, fish, and other companions (humanesociety.com). Over 90% of pet owners regard their pet as a valued, family member (McNicholas, Gilbey, Rennie, Ahmedzai, Dono, Omerod). But pets are messy, loud, expensive, and require