Effects of Sodium Chloride on the activity of Polyphenol Oxidase located on potato extract. Abstract Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) is an enzyme that catalyze the oxidation of phenols. This particular enzyme is located in a lot of fruits and vegetables such as potato. This enzyme when exposed to oxygen, oxidizes and it is the reason why fruits gets brown after they are peeled. In this experiment we will used potato extract that contain PPO and will look for the affect of Sodium Chloride in the activity
Abstract: Different compounds were tested to see their ability to inhibit polyphenol oxidase and prevent the browning from ortho quinones of fruits and vegetables. Five compounds were tested to see which compound produced more brown product and which compound showed higher inhibition. The production of benzoquinone was tested through a 420 nm spectrophotometer. Compounds A and D showed the most inhibition for the production of benzoquinone. Introduction: Many consumers today prefer to purchase
former was the first tea plant to be discovered and is the source of most green teas in the market. Green tea is unfermented, while black tea is fermented. Green tea is particularly rich in substances called polyphenols which have strong antioxidant and anticancer activities. Green tea polyphenols (GTP) surpass vitamins C and E in their antioxidant protective properties. With this unique cocktail of antioxidants, green tea has a lot to offer. Protects Against Chronic Disease The flavonoids in green
better overall cardiovascular health. Even though these studies show that polyphenols, which is in red wine, can help your heart, blood circulation, and many other things, doctors still argue about this, especially American doctors disagree with this outcome. On September 14, 1998, a team from Papworth Hospital in Cambridge England successfully demonstrated that red wine contains a high proportion of substances called polyphenols, which inhibit the deposit of fat in the blood vessels. These plant pigments
I. Introduction Have you ever experienced the ‘head nods’ or afternoon fatigue in your 2:00 pm meeting, forcing you to guzzle down water or fidget to stay awake? How about a day where you have already had your morning cup of coffee and it still does not seem like you can function? American adults are busier than ever. Whether it be work, kid’s sports or activities, exercise, long work hours, or time with friends, people are awake for long hours of the day and need a pick-me-up. Fifty-nine percent
cardiovascular disease (Maganha et al. 2010). Plants, fruits and vegetables are all known to be rich sources of natural antioxidants due to the presence of phenolic compounds, which are the secondary metabolites in plants (Misan 2010; Arya and Yadav 2011). Polyphenols, or phenolic compounds, constitute one of the most numerous and widely-distributed groups of substances in the plant kingdom (Urquiaga and Leighton 2000; Gan et al. 2010). They exist naturally in the form of glycosylated which makes them the most
product that is classified as a polyphenol (Cornell University 2014). Polyphenols, also referred to as phenolic compounds, can have a high molecular weight due to the attachment of one or many hydroxyl groups to an aromatic ring structure (Balasundram 2006). Phenolic compounds can commonly be found connected to single and complex sugars within plants (Balasundram 2006). There is a vast diversity within the plant polyphenols as related to composition, yet polyphenols are categorized into 12 different
simulating metabolism. The green tea leaves are rich in polyphenols that are natural antioxidants. These are also present in dark chocolate, red wine, fresh fruits and vegetables. When people green tea, the polyphenols will diluted with the water. Also, the tea should be served strong and bitter. When it comes to the polyphenols of the green tea, Flavonoids are the predominant ones. Also EGCG or epigallocatechin gallate is the quantitatively polyphenol, which is the key ingredient of green tea. EGCG dry
Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases including stroke and may also have a role in the development of vascular cognitive impairment and vascular dementia [1, 2]. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1; ACE) plays an important role in the rennin-angiotensin system and it is a carboxyl-terminal dipeptidyl exopeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II [3-6]. ACE converts an inactive form of decapeptide, angiotensin
The major catechins found in tea are EGCG, EGC, ECG, and EC. Previous studies have shown that they inhibit expressions of carcinogen activating enzymes and increase enzyme levels that detoxify carcinogens. In addition, studies have shown that tea polyphenols inhibit carcinogen-induced DNA damage in some cell lines. Other studies have shown that tea constituents inhibit cancer development and reduce the risk in animal models of stomach, colon, liver, skin, breast, and prostate cancer. In a study, extracts
for it’s ability to improve a person’s health. There have also been countless studies that show the effects of consuming dark chocolate on a regular basis for several weeks. Dark chocolate has been recognized as a valuable source of antioxidant polyphenol compounds that have the effects to help with many diseases including coronary artery disease (Haber, Stacy L., and Karen Gallus). This food is not an empty calorie food meanwhile, like many other foods it contains lots proteins and B vitamins. It
These compounds include caffeine, tea polyphenols, ‘volatile’ compounds that contribute to tea’s familiar odor – along with fluoride, aluminum, minerals and trace elements. Tea Polyphenols and Catechins are Antioxidants Tea polyphenols are bioactive plant chemicals that include compounds known as catechins, which are believed to be responsible for many of the health benefits attributed
Chocolate As you may know, chocolate has been around for many years, dating back to the Mayan and Aztec times (Ackar). This sweet treat has not always been sweet though. It started out as just plain old cocoa beans that were very bitter. Once these cocoa beans began to export and different countries started to receive them, those countries started to add spices and other items to enhance the flavor and make to the experience even more delicious. The Mesoamericans, or Mayans, first started using cocoa
Usually I get coffee before my English or Sign-Language class. I know that apples give me the same amount of energy or even more, but my guilty pleasure is the caffeine in my venti cup of caramel-iced coffee. So I’ll stand in line and order when I approach the counter to get my black cup of coffee, and add non-fat milk and three sugars. By the time I’m halfway done with my coffee, my eyes are more likely to focus on the board and zoned into my professor. Drinking coffee helps me zone all my attention
INTRODUCTION The pomegranate’s medicinal qualities have been known for thousands of years (Rustaiyan, 2013). pomegranate is now widely cultivated in the Mediterranean, tropical and subtropical areas. Botanically, the Punica granatum L. (P. granatum L.) belong to the family of Punicaceae with 2n = 16 or 18 chromosomes. The genus punica is known to include two species P. protopunica and P. granatum (Mars, 2000). In Iraq, pomegranate is produced in Diyala, Karbla, Hillah, Kirkuk, Sulaymania and Duhok
Coffee and tea have been around for many centuries. Coffee was discovered in the land of Abyssinia or also known as Ethiopia (Pendergrast, 2001). It became one of the many sources to create ideas, a common drink for work or school, and created problems. It is common to buy coffee now from Starbucks, Philz Coffee, or brewing it ourselves. Coffee is use to start out our day and keep us awake. Since discovering coffee, Americans consume it everyday. On the other hand, not only is coffee very popular
13) Sachdev, Ameet. "Tea plant is piece of global giant," St. Petersburg Times, 15 Aug 1997, 1E. 14) Suganuma M., Okabe S., Oniyama M., Tada Y., Ito H., Fujiki H. "Wide distribution of (3H)(- )epigallocatechin gallate, a cancer preventive tea polyphenol, in mouse tissue," Carcinogenesis 10 (Oct 1998): 1771-1776. 15) "Tea." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 16) "Tea ceremony." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 17) "Theophylline." Encyclopedia Britannica Online.
because Okinawa is the only place in the world where 80-90 year olds live like they are 30 years of age. Research shows that the two key factors to longevity in Okinawa are a healthy lifestyle and alimentation. Vegetables grown in Okinawa are rich in polyphenol and vitamin c due to the volcanic soil. It’s a great source of dietary fiber and antioxidants. The older Okinawans eat four times more vegetables than the younger generation; Okinawans eat 300g of vegetables a day
examine their lifestyles, we noticed that they perform “regular, low-intensity physical [activities]” because these individuals are largely shepherds. Their diet is mostly plant-based accentuated with food high in Omega-3 fatty acids as well as polyphenols. Looking beyond their diets and daily regimen, Sardinians treat their elders differently than we do here in America. Sardinians are celebrated for their years and wisdom instead of their youth, they also keep a very close tight-knit family which
Health Benefits Of Onions. Onions is one of the oldest edible vegetables known to mankind. It comes in different sizes, shapes and colours. It is known for it's aroma when added to food and mostly use to cook food all around the world. There are mainly two class of onions which includes; - The Green Onions. - Dry Onions. -Green Onions: Green onions are small in size and has a lot of moist in it. It has a very strong pungent smell with a green crown. Green onions is the immature version of dry