a melody is sung twice to different words. An early form of organum, the parallel organum, is where the plainchant was sung to two different melodies at the same time. According to Timothy Dickey, the four-voice organum is generally attributed to Perotin, a twelfth century composer of the Notre Dame School, whose works are recorded in the Magnus Liber located in the Notre Dame Cathedral. The three and four voice organum is referred to as the Notre Dame Organum. An example of this is Perotin’s Alleluia
The organum, which thrived at Notre Dame cathedral in Paris, was one of the earliest types of polyphony. It was very much similar to a trope, as it added vertical notes onto an existing melody or plainchant. There is quite the development of the organum between the 10th and 12th centuries. French composers, Leoninus, and Perotinus, were leading contributors to the evolution of the organum advancing the terms “free organum”, and “discant organum”. Through examining the works throughout Musica
The term So mote it be is a saying that can be said at the end of a prayer or a ritual as to mean an end or a closing to even a prayer, it is said to have a similar meaning to the term Amen, it is said to be an ancient magical phase. The term So mote it be with me can have several different meanings. To me So mote it be could mean a closing to something, to honor, respect, trust along with to have an end to a spell or a ritual. To me, the term So mote it be could also mean to believe in everything
The Middle Ages were filled with actual knights in shining armor mounted on beautiful horses, monks and nuns, wars filled with brutality and casualties, a deadly plague, and soaring cathedrals in the midst of nationwide poverty. Religion was all powerful—in fact, the majority of important musicians were priests. At the time, women were disallowed to sing in church and monks were in control of learning and knowledge. Catholicism was the reigning religion, and the music coming from the Catholic church
become more formal. In this time period, musical plays were just becoming popular and in 1283 one of the first operas was performed. Most of the music of the Ars Antiqua time period is anonymous. Two important figures stand out among the anonymity. Pérotin, who became famous in the late 12th century, composed the earliest known music for four voices. Franco of Cologne, who flourished in the middle of the 13th century, was a theorist who organized a new, more precise system of rhythmic notation, the
fundamentals and special markings started in this age. Few composer names could be gathered up during this period because of the lack of evidence that a composer left behind when he/she died. Some noteworthy names, however, are Abbess Hildegard von Bingen, Perotin Magnus, and Guillaume de Machaut. As music continued to evolve, the next period popped up; the Renaissance period. This period was mostly focused on the rebirth of humanity and revival of culture, so the music was emotional and dramatic. Renaissance
Classical music in France started in the medieval times (10th century) and continues to develop now. The types of classical music in France can be broken into six different eras: Middle Ages, Renaissance, baroque, opera, romantic era, and the 20th century. Classical music is associated with secular music, meaning non-religious music. It covers a broad range dating from the 10th century to the present. The major genres are all part of the classical music, whether it be sacred, secular, vocal, or instrumental
Does Music Divide People? Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, an American poet and educator during the 1800’s once said “Music is the universal language of mankind” and I believe he was right, because no matter what languages are being spoken, music can create moods and emotions which can be shared with other people, due to music permeating language barriers. Music has always had an important role in society. It has been used for enjoyment, but also to get feelings and emotions across. Some might say there
It can be argued that the vanguard of development has always been reflected in the arts of a culture. It is the poets, the dreamers and artists who are the architects of the future; the ones who ‘build the world they want to live in, the ones who dream out loud’1. Music is an elaborate art form, tempered by the emotions of those who create it and as such the dreams, creations and inventions are partly the products - or at least artifacts - of the world around them. As such, the social, economic and
ARCHBISHOP STEPHEN LANGTON Chapter 4 THUNDERING TONGUE As a Master at the University of Paris, Langton was expected not only to teach his students in the classroom but also to be an example to them of what a Godly clergyman should be. Part of that example was that he should preach, and Langton was a very significant preacher. He earned the nickname “Stephen of the Thundering Tongue” because of the power of his preaching and the way in which he preached. Pope Innocent III was very much interested