Ontology 	One of the most controversial debates in philosophy has been over the nature of being. In the Pre-Socratic era the dispute focused on whether change was constant while our human perceptions made static separations so that we could make sense of our environment, or if being exists omnipresently and that our perceptions of diversity in matter are false. Plato tries to solve this dilemma with his theory of an objective reality in a realm different from that which we experience. Aristotle
Psi can be loosely defined as the ability of an organism to interact with its environment, or other entities within the environment, beyond what is known about the defined boundaries of that organism. The inability to empirically observe how these interactions happen, outside of the initially observed effect, has resulted in modeling various theories about psi within the context of it being an information system of sorts. That being said, para psychologically typically approaches psi from the perspective
What are ontology and epistemology and why are they important in social science research Introduction The study of any particular science involves embracing particular and specific ontology, epistemology and methodologies that are different from each other. Ontology is the concept that defines and explains the essential types of truth (Blaikie 2009). Every field of science constitutes its own ontology and in most cases two types of ontology exists: formal ontology and domain ontology (Blaikie 2009)
Ontology contains a set of concepts and relationship between concepts, and can be applied into information retrieval to deal with user queries. Challenges in interpreting a query from different ontologies: • It is not possible to determine in advance which ontologies will be relevant to a particular query. • User queried keyword has to be translated into ontology-centric terminologies. • Answer to a query may require the integration of information from multiple ontologies. Our approach is to keep
The software engineering ontology defines information for the exchange of semantic project information and is used as a communication framework. In the area of computer science, Ontology represents the effort to formulate an exhaustive and rigorous conceptual schema within a given domain. Several Ontology languages such as Resource Description Framework (RDF), Web Ontology Language, DARPA Markup Language and Ontology Interchange Language (OIL) are available. 2. Ontology in software engineering In
Essential Issues of the Ontology of Spacetime ABSTRACT: The general theory of relativity and field theory of matter generate an interesting ontology of space-time and, generally, of nature. It is a monistic, anti-atomistic and geometrized ontology — in which the substance is the metric field — to which all physical events are reducible. Such ontology refers to the Cartesian definition of corporeality and to Plato's ontology of nature presented in the Timaeus. This ontology provides a solution to
Ontology is a term in philosophy and its meaning is “theory of existence”, and based on my understanding about ontology theories about the nature and types of things that lead to the existence. Therefore, I choose to unlock information about the ontology related to art, because as we know around us is art and beauty of life is colored with art. As we all know, art is not just a means to an instances of a painting canvas creations simple mortals, but it also has a meaning and a distinctive way of
how both Ontology and Epistemology apply to organizational theory, and for each person to decide where they fit inside these branches. First a person must decide and realize where their beliefs lie. Also it is important to understand what both Ontology and Epistemology mean. According to Hatch (2013), ontology is defined as a “branch of philosophy that studies assumptions about existence and definitions of reality” (p.11). While this quote allows one to know the definition of ontology, it does
3.1.3.2 Ontology and Epistemology The basic system of ontological, epistemological, axiological, and methodological assumptions with which researchers approach the study reflects by (Guba and Lincoln, 1994, Creswell, 1998, Creswell, Hanson, Clark Plano and Morales, 2007, Patton, 2002, Savage, 2006, Vasilachis de Gialdino, 1992). It is considered that most of the questions are social sciences pose has different answers depending on paradigm. Epistemology raises many questions as follows: 1) How reality
(Carter & Little, 2001 & Hoft, 2011). This paper sets out to identify four features of research as they apply to qualitative research: ontology, epistemology, methodology, and sampling, through the investigation of the article "The health-care environment on a locked psychiatric ward: An ethnographic study" (Johansson, Skarsater & Danielson, 2006). Idealist ontology holds the belief that research knowledge is made up of subjective experiences obtained through observation that is consistently influenced
In the article, Hackers and the Contested Ontology of Cyberspace, Helen Nissenbaum examines the shifts in the conception of hackers over the past fifty years and in particular whether these shifts are a natural change in public perspective as a result of public debate, or if instead they are a deliberate attempt by societal institutions to manipulate the culture, referred to by Nissenbaum as the “ontology of cyberspace”, with the intention of creating a negative image of hackers due to the potential
The Reliability of Heidegger’s Reading of Plato’s Gigantomachia ABSTRACT: At issue is the reliability of Heidegger’s contention that Greek thinking, especially Plato’s, was constricted by an unthought "pre-ontology." "The meaning of being" supposedly guiding and controlling Greek ontology is "Being = presence." This made "the question of the meaning of ousia itself" inaccessible to the Greeks. Heidegger’s Plato’s Sophist is his most extensive treatment of a single dialogue. To test his own reliability
De Villiers (2005) defines ontology as a science of the essence of being which is strictly connected to individuals’ view of reality. According to Blaikie (2000, p.123) ontology refers to “assumptions and claims that are formed about the nature of social reality, assertions about what it looks like, what units form it up and how these units interact with
Inception and "A Skin not a Sweater" Ontology as defined in philosophy as the study of nature of being and existence (Furlong and Marsh 185). Examples of such are the ontology of the mind and the ontology of the beginning of the cosmos (Novotny 1). Epistemology, on the other hand, seeks to answer questions about the validity and limits of knowledge, in other words, it seeks to determine the difference between opinion and justified truth (Furlong and Marsh). In ‘A skin not a sweater’, the two have
study of metatheory consists of three parts: ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Those three parts seek to understand the nature of reality, the nature of knowledge, and even our own personal values. Within each of those parts exists a continuum that can be as different as plus and minus, or as circumstantial as possible. With these components metatheory tries to explain our decisions regarding research designs, methods, and even our analysis. Ontology is study of the nature of reality. It wants
Abstract This paper discusses how cosmology and how philosophy can be connected to one another. In order to explain this reason, the paper is broken down into three subtitles which are: metaphysics, religion, and ontology. Each part connects to cosmology in one term or another. In each subtopic, it will discuss the topic, its background in the philosophical review. As a result, in the conclusion, it will discuss how cosmology compares to them all. Cosmology Cosmology is the answer when it
This paper is an initial attempt to develop a dynamic conception of being which is not anarchic. It does this by returning to Aristotle in order to begin the process of reinterpreting the meaning of ousia, the concept according to which western ontology has been determined. Such a reinterpretation opens up the possibility of understanding the dynamic nature of ontological identity and the principles according to which this identity is established. The development of the notions of energeia, dynamis
notion of innate ideas or innatism (the idea that the mind is born with ideas or knowledge and is not a "blank slate" at birth). 2.Ontology and Epistemology are probably the most complex terms that one might come across while studying philosophy. Ontology and Epistemology are branches of philosophy. Let us try and simplify these complex topics. The word ontology is derived from the Greek words ‘ontos’ which means being and
dimensions: ontology and epistemology (Hopper and Powell, 1985, p.431). Burrell and Morgan’s (1979) Classification Matrix for the Analysis of Social Theory is constructed by two separate dimensions that are based upon assumptions of the nature of society and of social science. Within this framework, there are four paradigms; ontology, epistemology, human nature and methodology. For the purpose of this research project, the two paradigms which are of concern are ontology and epistemology. Ontology is concerned
maximal self-existent process. 2. A State Metaphysics as General Theory of the World According to the chosen priority, either object in general, or change in general, usually two types of metaphysics have been distinguished: Object Ontology and Process Ontology.