activities: Supply of natural gas: NiSource is one of the biggest natural gas distribution companies in the USA. Company is not responsible for the production of natural gas, but rather purchases fossil fuel at the source and transmits supply thru its pipelines to industries and local costumers. Natural gas can be transported to distribution facilities in two ways: underground gas pipelines or shipped by the sea in LNG tankers. In nature during the extraction, natural gas exists as a gas, which needs to
stored in the long term facilitating the deference of global warming. The carbon retrieved can be from the atmosphere where it is deposited in a reservoir, obtained from flue gases such as from power stations or biogeochemical cycling of carbon a natural occurrence between the atmosphere and reservoir. With the rise in modernization all over the world, the industrial sector has spread and expanded to the various continents increasing the amount of emissions. From research, a comparison between pre-industrial
Union Southern Union’s history dates back to the 1920s as a holding company for several gas utilities in Texas. Over the next sixty years the company expanded its gas utility operations and diversified into natural gas processing, exploration and production, refining, gas appliance sales, and real estate. This diversification strategy failed and in the late 1980s SUG divested everything but its natural gas distribution operations. In 1990 Southern Union was acquired by mobile phone company Metro
The Fractionation Unit supplies ethane and propane, at the required purity, as make up to the refrigeration cycles. In addition, methane is sent to the HP fuel gas system and pentane to the LP fuel gas system. NGLs are re-injected into the LNG product and hydrocarbon condensate is produced to the required vapour pressure and directed to storage. Process Introduction The Fractionation Unit consists of four fractionation columns in series: • a De-methaniser • a De-ethaniser • a De-propaniser •
in natural gas is methane. Millions of years ago, decaying remains of plants and animals piled up into thick layers. This stuff is called organic material (it was once alive). Over time, the sand/silt changed to rock, covered the organic material, and trapped it beneath the rock. Press/heat changed some of it to coal, oil, and natural gas; tiny little bubbles of odorless gas. Geologists, study the structure and processes of the Earth. They locate the types of rock that might contain gas and
What is Hydrogen? The simplest and lightest fuel is hydrogen gas (H2). Hydrogen is in a gaseous state at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperatures. Hydrogen is being explored for use in combustion engines and fuel cell electric vehicles. On a volumetric basis, the energy density of hydrogen is very low under ambient conditions. This presents greater transportation and storage hurdles than for liquid fuels. Storage systems being developed include compressed hydrogen, liquid hydrogen
an important role in every country’s economy. Natural gas is the cheapest fuel, relatively cleaner, lower in density as compare to the other fuels, easier to transport and versatile in nature, makes it more attractive for the consumers. Natural gas market will be dominating the world’s economy and politics in the future. According to the world’s energy statistical figures, the current gas reserves in the world is …….. The discoveries of Natural gas in specific areas of the world, high capital intensives
Illusions makes he statement “burning coal releases more greenhouse gases than any other fossil fuel...it yields more than two times the CO2 of natural gas.”26 The release of toxic greenhouse gases is not the only reason “clean” coal and carbon capture is a bad idea. It also contributes to the pollution of our waters, both drinking and natural systems. Storage risks are also a concern among environmentally aware citizens. Even though the coal industry provides jobs, which aids the economy; the working
Is compressed natural gas the most effective way to fuel busses and cars? Dana Jackway Recent studies have proven that compressed natural gas is the safest, most efficient way of fueling busses. CNG has low particle emissions because of its low carbon to hydrogen ratio, which also results in the production of less carbon dioxide. Compressed Natural gas is an alternative to gasoline and diesel. CNG is produced by compressing natural gas to less that 1 percent of its volume and pressure. It is formed
what are the benefits of liquefaction? Natural gas is a major source of energy, but many towns and cities that need the energy are located far from the gas fields. Transporting gas by pipeline can be costly an impractical. As such, natural gas is condensed into a liquid at close to atmospheric pressure (maximum transport pressure set at around 25 kPa) by cooling it to approximately -162°C (-260°F) in liquefaction process. It is then called liquefied natural gas (LNG) and characterized as a cryogenic
How natural is Natural Gas? Natural gas extraction and consumption has risen over the past thirty years. Also known as hydraulic fracturing or fracking, a tremendous amount of uproar is being made in the environmental and political communities. Natural gas use is a great source of energy worldwide, only in America have we had a gold rush affect when it comes to extraction. Natural gas provides less dependence on foreign oil, less need for coal plants, and a more affordable energy source worldwide
Atmospheric Methane Introduction The atmosphere has always contained the Greenhouse Gas methane. Along with carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and water vapor, methane helps to create the natural greenhouse effect. These gases trap some of the sun's energy and keep the Earth at a warm enough temperature to sustain life. If the occurrence of any of these gases in the atmosphere is increased, the natural greenhouse effect will intensify and further warm the Earth. Due to man's activities,
Chapter 1 Research purpose and meaning 1.1 Concept Shale gas is a kind of unconventional nature gas, which is trapped or gathered in the dark shale or carbon rock. The rock layer has low permeability and low porosity, which means that the best way to get this recourse is fracturing to enhance connectivity and porosity. The shale gas reservoirs are mainly located in North America, Central Asia, China, Latin America, Middle East, North Africa and Russia and other countries and regions. The United State
process of the carbon cycle can be evaluated or shown through various processes that transfer around a carbon; for example, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, decomposition, etc.…. photosynthesis displays carbon in the atmosphere as the carbon dioxide gas enters the network of the consumers and producers by the energy in sunlight. CO2 and water is then absorbed through the producer’s pores in their leaves and converted into glucose and oxygen, which is a necessity in the reproduction and growth of the
Purpose: Syngas through water gas-shift reactions relate multiple reasoning to the foundation and production of several oil and gas related industries. The following analysis of syngas will begin with the explanation of water gas-shift reaction along with related Steam Reform Reactor, and Fischer-Tropsch processes. In the major bulk of the analysis, the complete process of syngas involvement with water gas-shift reactions will be discussed. In addition, catalyst involvement will be introduced in
Oil and natural gas companies have developed a way to drill for natural gas, a process called hydraulic fracturing, also known as fracking. Natural gas is a flammable gas mixture consisting of methane and several other hydrocarbons that occur naturally underground. Natural gas is used as fuel for heating, cooking, and even in some automobiles like the “RideOn” buses. This technique has only recently become economically feasible with the rising prices of fossil fuels, and there is much potential
because oil and gas fracking is big business in America, with more than two million hydraulically fractured wells across the country producing 43 and 67 percent of our national oil and gas outputs, respectively. But in my opinion these wells also nearly played a secondary role as nuclear waste storage sites and had the Atomic Energy Commission had its way with Project Plowshare. And fracking is the process of pumping water deep into the Earth, specifically into underground oil and gas reserves, at tremendous
were deemed legal, this question may be put to the test. Fracking is a process in which chemicals, sand and water are used in “high volumes… to fracture gas-bearing layers of rock” (Dolesh 2). As the rock breaks, natural gas is released and then collected to be used as energy. The United States is currently sitting on a gold mine of natural gas which could stimulate our ever declining economy. The question is what price are we willing to pay for a temporary fix? Fracking is a dangerous process that
fossil fuels (oil, natural gas) are developed through drilling for interstate transmission, storage and distribution. The resource division involves gas, oil, natural gas for marketing, cost analysis of gas development, risk management, and distribution for the wholesale/retail industry (5). 1. Market Resources is the major producer of income driving segments of the business. Natural gas (nonregulated) is 86% of its focal point on evaluating crude resources for process through “gas management” (5)
Production of hydrogen Hydrogen can be produced from a variety of feedstock. These comprises of non-renewable fossil resources, such as coal and natural gas, as well as renewable resources, such as biomass and water with input from renewable energy sources for example sunlight, hydro-power, wind and waves. The variability of process technologies used range from chemical and biological to electrolytic, photolytic and thermo-chemical. Each of these mentioned technologies are in a different stage of