Information security plays a central role in the deployment of modern communication systems. The most important objectives of information security are authentication, confidentiality, data integrity and non-repudiation. Confidentiality ensures that information is accessible only to those authorized to have access. Authentication is the process proving the identity that assures the communicating entity is the one that it claimed to be, this means that the user or the system can prove their own identities
Cryptography is the study of secure or secret communications. Cryptography has been around for thousands of years. Cryptography has been around for thousands of years. Cryptography deals with authentication, confidentiality, and integrity of data. There are many different implementations of cryptography in information systems. This paper will cover hashing, encryption, digital signatures, and digital certificates. Cryptography dates back as early as the Egyptian Hieroglyphs that were carved
secure communications is that of cryptography. But it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient. There are some specific security requirements for cryptography, including Authentication, Privacy/confidentiality, and Integrity Non-repudiation. The three types of algorithms are described: (i) Secret Key Cryptography (SKC): Uses a single key for both encryption and decryption. (ii)Public Key Cryptography (PKC): Uses one key for
Abstract—Because of the drawbacks of the text based authentication systems, graphical passwords are the most preferable type of authentication mechanism , where users click on images for the authentication purpose. The main goal of an authentication system is to help users for selecting the better password. If the password is created by the user , then it is easy to guess by an attacker and if the passwords is assigned by the system, then it is difficult for the user to memorize. So modern researches
home, a AAA radius server is not deployed in the infrastructure. The secret key in this case is usually stored on an access point. In such environment setup, the authentication takes place between the station and the access point. To secure the network setup, WPA2 can be used along with the optional Pre-Shared Key (PSK) for authentication. To encrypt the network with WPA2-PSK, the router is configured not with an encryption key but rather plain paraphrase. TKIP(for Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)
on the Dot-Corn Line." ABA Journal Oct 2000 Misra, Sunil. "Federal law allows electronic signatures." The American City & County Dec 2000 Singh, Simon. The Code Book: The Evolution of Secrecy from Mary Queen of Scots to Quantum Cryptography. New York: Doubleday, 1999 "Bill Pertaining to Digital Signatures and Authentication in the lO6~ Congress." Tech Law Journal http://techlawjournal.com/cong106/digsig/Default.ttm ( 5 Apr. 2001).
Cryptography is a art of protecting information by encrypting it into the unreadable format i.e. the cipher text. It is the technique of secure transmission in the presence of third parties and is employed in protecting integrity or secrecy of electronic messages by converting them into unreadable (cipher text) form More g...
intranets, extranets, That example does not compare to today’s cryptography, but the idea of creating a code for communication purposes ties the two together. Over the years, other forms of hidden message transmission has occurred, mostly for use in military actions. Around 100 BC, Julius Caesar used a form of encryption, a substitution cipher called the Caesar cipher, to give secret messages to his army generals. To explain further, “a cipher is an algorithm used for encryption or decryption” (Red
writing or solving code. Cryptography has been around for thousands of years however it is a very young science as it hasn’t been studied for long. Cryptography affects the way everyday things are done and carried out. Cryptography provide many thing for the everyday person such as authentication, time stamping, electronic banking and secure network communication. Authentication is a very important application of public key encryption. According to Simpson authentication ensures the message is from a certain
internet with the secure channel. Hash-function will secure the whole data packet with the key as well, it can be used to authenticate the message as well. Hash0 function will not allow any hacker to sniff the data packet either it is active or passive. Secure data will be transferred with zero chance of security breach. In order to secure the keys two way authentication can be used that is RSA in order to provide more security for more classified data which can secure all passwords and secure key while
important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient. Cryptography is the science of writing in secret code and is an ancient art; In the old age people use to send encoded message which can be understand by the receiver only who know the symbolic and relative meaning of that encoded message .The first documented use of cryptography in writing dates back to circa 1900 B.C. Egyptian scribe used non-standard hieroglyphs in an inscription. After writing
write a message in numbers instead of letters? Each letter of the alphabet correlated to its number position in the alphabet. The number sequence 3,16,25,12,20,15,12,15,7,25 equals cryptology. This is a form of cryptology in its most basic form. Webster's dictionary defines Cryptography as : n. 1. The act or art of writing in code or secret characters; also, secret characters, codes or ciphers, or messages written in a secret code. 2. The science which studies methods for encoding messages so that
controls, respectively. Two additional security requirements have recently been added that are of particular importance to networked environments because attacks now extend far beyond traditional firewall perimeters. These are authentication, which is used to assure a message actually comes from the source it claims to have originated; and, nonrepudiation, which can be applied to prevent an entity from denying performance of a particular action related to handling data, thereby assuring validity of
advantage and win the trust of customers. For businesses serious about e-commerce solution is to implement a complete e-commerce trust basis. PKI encryption and digital signature technology, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) digital certificate provides authentication, data integrity and privacy necessary for e-commerce applications.
The WPS protocol relies on an eight digit Personal Identification Number (PIN) to allow the authentication of users on to the network. The protocol further relies on a session of eight Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) messages that are followed by a final message which identifies the successful completion of the session. WPS automatically configures the network name (SSID) and the WPA security key for the access point and the WPS enabled client. The benefit is that a user does not need to
Key Management combines strong authentication and data privacy functions. Keys are created after successful authentication and through the subsequent four-way handshake between the station and the access point. Data integrity:- TKIP includes a message integrity code at the end of each plain text message to ensure that counterfeiting messages. In WPA it includes encryption algorithms to give protection to the data, cryptographic integrity checks to prevent message modification and replay, and dynamic
study of codes, or the art of writing and solving them. To understand cryptology, you need to understand encryption, because they are related. In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding a message or information in such a way that only authorized parties can access it. In cryptology, a code is a method used to encrypt a message that operates at the level of meaning; that is, words or phrases are converted into something else. A cryptologist is a skilled at deciphering codes, puzzles or
com/tutorials/article.php/3672711 Network World Explaining WPA2 http://www.networkworld.com/columnists/2006/091106-wireless-security.html?page=2 Wikipedia.org RADIUS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADIUS An Analysis of the RADIUS Authentication Protocol http://www.untruth.org/~josh/security/radius/radius-auth.html Wikipedia.org DIAMETER http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIAMETER
Vulnerability analysis report of quickflix Web Server Uses Plain-Text Form Based Authentication Web Server Internal IP Address/Internal Network Name Disclosure Vulnerability AutoComplete Attribute Not Disabled for Password in Form Based Authentication Web Server Internal IP Address/Internal Network Name Disclosure Vulnerability AutoComplete Attribute Not Disabled for Password in Form Based Authentication SSL Certificate - Subject Common Name Does Not Match Server FQDN Works Cited
The process of cryptology involves converting an actual message into an encrypted format using a secret key, which is shared between the source and destination. The concept cryptography has been adopted in the organisations to: a. Secure information that is been transmitted across the network b. Maintain integrity of the information on the network c. Convert the message into an unreadable format d. Support many security activities on the network such as, data hiding/encapsulation