- THE CAUSES OF DELAYED MENARCHE IN FEMALE ATHLETES - INTRODUCTION Greater emphases on the benefits of exercise have led to a greater participation of women in sport at all levels. Exercise has been promoted, endorsed and encouraged in the medical community as a way to reduce stress and maintain a healthy lifestyle. While moderate exercise does provide valuable benefits, intensive exercise associated with elite female athletes poses serious health risks to the female body. The female reproductive
education, menarche, menstruation and personal or menstrual hygiene; naturally the adolescent girls are victims of circumstance who have little or no knowledge of sex education or information and awareness about their sexuality and sexual bodies (the reproductive health organs early development) mostly in low and
visibility is not only based on a change in sexual behaviors, but it also is based on a change in the nature of adolescence. These changes begin with the decling of the average age of menarche. The average age for menarche in girls ten years ago was 14.2; this age has dropped by two years since then. The average age for menarche today is 12.2. This statistic suggests that since girls are capable of having children at younger ages they are also more apt to have sex at a younger age. The social changes
The female athlete triad consists of three parts; disordered eating i.e. anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. “Originally termed ‘female athlete triad,’ the name was derived at a meeting led by members of the American College of Sports Medicine in the early 1990s” (Kazis & Iglesias). The meeting was held due to an alarming increase in stress fracture rates, decrease in bone mineral density, and menstrual dysfunction. In 1972, the passage of Title IX was passed that
place in puberty? Due to fast physical growth and sexual maturation, there are numerous visible changes that take place during puberty. For girls, visible changes include nipple growth, pubic hair growth, breast maturation, widening of the hips, menarche, and an overall peak growth spurt. For boys, visible changes include growth of the testes, pubic-hair growth, growth of the penis, facial hair, spermarche, deepening of the voice, and peak growth. 2. How do hormones affect the physical and psychological
adolescence. There is a serge of hormones which often trigger mood swings and bodily changes. We all experience the same sequence of changes, but not all at the same time. All girls develop breast and pubic hair before menarche, the first menstrual cycle. However, some girls will experience menarche at age nine some not until at age sixteen. Boys will begin their grown spurts much later than girls. “Maturing earlier or later than your peers has little effect on adult physical features. It’s not when we mature
outside of the endometrium, immune dysfunction, abnormal hormonal signaling, and genetics. Major risk factors for endometriosis include: • Nulliparity – having never given birth • Early menarche • Late menopause • Shorter menstrual cycles Women with multiple births, those who breast feed, and those with late menarche are at reduced risk of developing endometriosis. How common is
at midnight and have little appetite or energy in the morning (Berger, 2014). Sleep deprivation and irregular sleep schedules can lead to mood disorders, insomnia, nightmares, and falling asleep while driving (Berger, 2014). Heavy girls reach menarche earlier and a study found that heavy boys reach puberty later. Body fat is necessary for girls and they must weigh 100 pounds (Berger, 2015). Increased food ability has led to weight gain, taller average weight, and earlier puberty. Scientists
Neither man nor woman can survive and continue to thrive without the other. Procreation is the most basic and vital contribution to the world’s growing population. Although both sexes are equally important in maintaining population growth, women were treated as the inferior sex throughout history. In the 1920’s, women began to emerge from the depths of oppression and created a culture of resistance: the feminist movement. The perseverance of the feminist women gained traction toward the equality
Fetal and Postnatal Growth Introduction From conception through fetal development, childhood, and adolescence, there are many factors that affect the growth of a child. Throughout his life, child undergoes a remarkable transformation before reaching adulthood; this transformation involves not only physical growth and maturation but also a dazzling array of complex developmental events impacting on each organ system and on the child as a whole. Developmental phenomena can be important determinants
Adolescence is the developmental stage between childhood and adulthood; it generally refers to a period ranging from age 12 or 13 through age 19 or 21. Although its beginning is often balanced with the beginning of puberty, adolescence is characterized by psychological and social stages as well as by biological changes. Adolescence can be prolonged, brief, or virtually nonexistent, depending on the type of culture in which it occurs. In societies that are simple, for example, the transition
Causes of cancer Epidemiologists had identified many important causes of cancer by the early of 1980s. Many types of cancer vary in incidence by more than an order of magnitude between different populations and every type is rare in some part of the world. Many specific causes cancer are now known, the most common are by smoking, obesity and a few oncogenic viruses, but a large proportion of global variation for common cancers such as breast, prostate, colon and rectum remains unexplained (Peto J
One of the great taboos in societies worldwide, menstruation has historically been a source of discomfort, pain, inconvenience, and shame to women. Although some cultures celebrate a pubescent girl’s menarche and imbue the experience with an empowering message, many others use menstruation (either consciously or unconsciously) to alienate, exclude, and otherwise delegitimize women (Vostral, 2000). There are countless euphemisms to refer in a roundabout way to menstruation; some refer to female
and girls undergo an adolescent growth spurt that typically begins about two years earlier in girls than in boy. The principals signs of sexual maturity that end the puberty are the spermache, for boy, occurring between the ages of 10 to 13.5, the menarche, for girls, occurring between the ages of 9 to 15, also accompanied with the development o...
Admissions Essay: Why Ob/Gyn? I'm having trouble coming up with that concise, compelling anecdote about the patient who inspired me to go into Obstetrics and Gynecology, because so many people have helped me realize that this is where I belong. There are the women whose babies I've delivered, whom I've gotten to know at a clinic visit or during the early contractions of active labor, and then coached through the calm between pushes in the last few minutes before delivery. There are the teenagers
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding Nurse practitioners in primary care will often be presented by a woman having dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB). This difficult to diagnose condition can be complex. According to Schuiling & Likis it accounts for one third of all annual gynecologic visits (2013, p. 610). The terms abnormal uterine bleeding and dysfunctional uterine bleeding has fallen out of favor and anovulatory uterine bleeding has become the standardized terminology. Because many clinicians still
The relationship between the female subject and food appears innate and biological, yet is also profoundly associated with the subjecthood of being a mother. Replace the word ‘food’ with the comparable ‘nourishment’, and the relationship becomes clearer: a mother provides her child with nourishment through breastfeeding. In Edith Frampton’s discussion on breastfeeding narratives, she states that breastfeeding is a subjectivity founded on interconnectedness, the intertwining of individuals, focused
Multiple Sclerosis Neurons are the basic structural unit of the nervous system. The nervous system is in charge of all body functions. The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system, while the peripheral nervous system includes nerves and connects the central nervous system to the sensory organs. Some of the neurons within the central nervous system are surrounded by a myelin sheath. Myelin insulates the axon and allows electrical impulses to travel faster throughout the body. Oligodendrocytes
Breast Cancer is something that terrifies not only myself but most of the females in my family as well. My grandmother had breast cancer that caused her to passed away early. I have three aunts and many cousins that may be in danger of getting of getting breast cancer. And since most of them live in Ethiopia, Africa the incidence of the disease is higher. It is very important to me to educate myself in the causes and effects of breast cancer as well as the treatment. I want to know what possible
girls when they begin menstruating (Cowley-Sathiakumar 2018). However, a girl becomes a Bat Mitzvah at thirteen in liberal American Judaism, or at twelve in Orthodox Judaism (Munro 2016). The Samathiya Veedu commences at the start of a young girl’s menarche, where the Bat Mitzvah starts on a girl’s birthday. In Judaism, age is the critical element of bar mitzvah, not the ceremonial event upon the stage. Thirteen was a sacred number among Jewish people in ancient times, and even though there